peior
See also: pejor
Latin
Alternative forms
Etymology
Probably from Proto-Indo-European *ped-yōs (“to the ground, downward”), from *ped- (“to walk, fall, stumble”); compare pessimus (“worst”). Michiel de Vaan notes that a similar phonetic change *[dj]/[jd] > *[j] can be observed in the etymology of caelum (“chisel”) and caia (“cudgel”) from Proto-Italic *kaid(s)lo- and *kaidjā- respectively.
Doublet of pēs (“foot”) and pessum (“to the bottom; to destruction”). See cognates at pēs.
Pronunciation
- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /ˈpei̯.i̯or/, [ˈpɛi̯ːɔr]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈpe.jor/, [ˈpɛːjor]
Adjective
peior (neuter peius, positive malus); third declension
Declension
Third-declension comparative adjective.
Number | Singular | Plural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Case / Gender | Masc./Fem. | Neuter | Masc./Fem. | Neuter | |
Nominative | peior | peius | peiōrēs | peiōra | |
Genitive | peiōris | peiōrum | |||
Dative | peiōrī | peiōribus | |||
Accusative | peiōrem | peius | peiōrēs | peiōra | |
Ablative | peiōre | peiōribus | |||
Vocative | peior | peius | peiōrēs | peiōra |
Antonyms
Derived terms
Descendants
See also
- pessimus (superlative)
References
- “peior”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “peiior”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 455
- De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “pessum”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 463
- De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “caedō, -ere”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 79–80
Old French
Alternative forms
alternative forms
Etymology
From Latin pēiōrem, accusative singular of pēior. The nominative form, pire (whence modern French pire) derives from the Latin nominative.
Adjective
peior (oblique singular, nominative singular pire)
- worse; comparative degree of mal
- circa 1180, Chrétien de Troyes, Lancelot ou le Chevalier de la charrette:
- Qui peior que Sarrazin sont.
- Who are worse than Saracens.
- worst; superlative degree of mal
Declension
Declension of peior
Antonyms
- meillor (“best”)
Descendants
- French: pire (from nominative form)
References
- Godefroy, Frédéric, Dictionnaire de l’ancienne langue française et de tous ses dialectes du IXe au XVe siècle (1881) (peior, includes information on declension)
- peior on the Anglo-Norman On-Line Hub
Categories:
- Latin terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Latin doublets
- Latin 2-syllable words
- Latin terms with IPA pronunciation
- Latin non-lemma forms
- Latin comparative adjectives
- Old French terms inherited from Latin
- Old French terms derived from Latin
- Old French adjective comparative forms
- Old French adjective superlative forms
- Old French comparative adjectives
- Old French terms with quotations
- Old French superlative adjectives