pugna

See also: pugná

Italian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpuɲa/, [ˈpuɲːa]
• Hyphenation: pù‧gna

Etymology 1

From Latin pugna, from pugnō (“I fight, oppose”), from pugnus (“fist”), from Proto-Indo-European *peuǵ-, *peuḱ- (“prick, punch”).

Noun

pugna f (plural pugne) (obsolete, literary, poetic)

1. (literally and figuratively) fight, battle, combat
2. dispute, quarrel

Etymology 2

Noun

pugna f pl (obsolete)

1. plural of pugno
   • 1321, Dante Alighieri, La divina commedia: Inferno, Le Monnier (1994), Canto VI, p. 91, vv. 25-27:

     E 'l duca mio distese le sue spanne, ¶ prese la terra, e con piene le pugna, ¶ la gittò dentro a le bramose canne.

     And my Conductor, with his spans extended, ¶ took of the earth, and with his fists well filled, ¶ he threw it into those rapacious gullets.

Etymology 3

Verb

pugna

1. third-person singular present indicative of pugnare
2. second-person singular imperative of pugnare

Anagrams

• punga

---

Latin

Etymology

From pugnō (“fight”), from pugnus (“fist”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈpuɡ.na/, [ˈpʊŋ.na]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈpu.ɲa/, [ˈpuɲ.ɲa]

Noun

pugna f (genitive pugnae); first declension

1. a fight, battle, combat, action
2. a line of battle, troops drawn up for battle
3. a contest, dispute, quarrel

Inflection

First declension.

Case	Singular	Plural
nominative	pugna	pugnae
genitive	pugnae	pugnārum
dative	pugnae	pugnīs
accusative	pugnam	pugnās
ablative	pugnā	pugnīs
vocative	pugna	pugnae

Derived terms

• pugnicula

Related terms

• pugnācitās
• pugnāciter
• pugnāculum

• pugnantia
• pugnātor
• pugnātōrius

• pugnātrix
• pugnāx
• pugneus

• pugnitus
• pugnō
• pugnus

Verb

pugnā

1. second-person singular present active imperative of pugnō

References

• pugna in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• pugna in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• du Cange, Charles (1883), “pugna”, in G. A. Louis Henschel, Pierre Carpentier, Léopold Favre, editors, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (in Latin), Niort: L. Favre
• “pugna” in Félix Gaffiot’s Dictionnaire Illustré Latin-Français, Hachette (1934)
• Carl Meissner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to provoke the enemy to battle: proelio (ad pugnam) hostes lacessere, provocare
    
  • to decline battle: pugnam detrectare (Liv. 3. 60)
    
  • to choose suitable ground for an engagement: locum ad pugnam idoneum deligere
    
  • to fix a day for the engagement: diem pugnae constituere (B. G. 3. 24)
    
  • to triumph over some one: triumphum agere de or ex aliquo or c. Gen. (victoriae, pugnae)
    
  • to fight a battle at sea: pugnam navalem facere
    
  • (ambiguous) the issue of the day was for a long time uncertain: diu anceps stetit pugna
    
  • (ambiguous) to come off victorious: superiorem (opp. inferiorem), victorem (proelio, pugna) discedere
    

---

Portuguese

Etymology

Borrowing from Latin pugna.

Noun

pugna f (plural pugnas)

1. combat; battle; fight
2. (figuratively) struggle

Synonyms

• (battle): batalha, combate, luta, peleja
• (struggle): batalha, luta

Verb

pugna

1. third-person singular (ele and ela, also used with você and others) present indicative of pugnar
2. second-person singular (tu, sometimes used with você) affirmative imperative of pugnar

---

Spanish

Verb

pugna

1. Informal second-person singular (tú) affirmative imperative form of pugnar.
2. Formal second-person singular (usted) present indicative form of pugnar.
3. Third-person singular (él, ella, also used with usted^?) present indicative form of pugnar.