saisir

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French[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Inherited from Middle French saisir, from Old French saisir, seisir (whence English seize), from Early Medieval Latin sacīre (“lay claim to, take seisin”), from Frankish *sakjan (“to sue, litigate; accuse”).[1][2] Compare Old English sacian (“to strive, brawl”), Faroese saka (“to hurt; accuse”), obsolete English sake (“strife”).

Alternatively Old French saisir, seisir may be borrowed from Old High German *sazjan[3] and thus cognate to German setzen (“to set”) and Gothic 𐍃𐌰𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽 (satjan).

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /sɛ.ziʁ/, /se.ziʁ/
  • audio(file)

Verb[edit]

saisir

  1. to take hold of; to grab
  2. to seize, to take (an illegal product), to capture
  3. to grasp mentally; understand
  4. (computing) to capture (screen or data)
  5. (computing) to type (something) into a computer; to input
  6. (accounting) to record (something) in an account, ledger, etc.
  7. (law) to vest a court with a case; to refer a matter to a court

Conjugation[edit]

This is a regular verb of the second conjugation, like finir, choisir, and most other verbs with infinitives ending in -ir. One salient feature of this conjugation is the repeated appearance of the infix -iss-.

Conjugation of saisir (see also Appendix:French verbs)
infinitive simple saisir
compound avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1 simple saisissant
/sɛ.zi.sɑ̃/ or /se.zi.sɑ̃/
compound ayant + past participle
past participle saisi
/sɛ.zi/ or /se.zi/
singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative je (j’) tu il, elle, on nous vous ils, elles
(simple
tenses) 		present saisis
/sɛ.zi/ or /se.zi/ 		saisis
/sɛ.zi/ or /se.zi/ 		saisit
/sɛ.zi/ or /se.zi/ 		saisissons
/sɛ.zi.sɔ̃/ or /se.zi.sɔ̃/ 		saisissez
/sɛ.zi.se/ or /se.zi.se/ 		saisissent
/sɛ.zis/ or /se.zis/
imperfect saisissais
/sɛ.zi.sɛ/ or /se.zi.sɛ/ 		saisissais
/sɛ.zi.sɛ/ or /se.zi.sɛ/ 		saisissait
/sɛ.zi.sɛ/ or /se.zi.sɛ/ 		saisissions
/sɛ.zi.sjɔ̃/ or /se.zi.sjɔ̃/ 		saisissiez
/sɛ.zi.sje/ or /se.zi.sje/ 		saisissaient
/sɛ.zi.sɛ/ or /se.zi.sɛ/
past historic2 saisis
/sɛ.zi/ or /se.zi/ 		saisis
/sɛ.zi/ or /se.zi/ 		saisit
/sɛ.zi/ or /se.zi/ 		saisîmes
/sɛ.zim/ or /se.zim/ 		saisîtes
/sɛ.zit/ or /se.zit/ 		saisirent
/sɛ.ziʁ/ or /se.ziʁ/
future saisirai
/sɛ.zi.ʁe/ or /se.zi.ʁe/ 		saisiras
/sɛ.zi.ʁa/ or /se.zi.ʁa/ 		saisira
/sɛ.zi.ʁa/ or /se.zi.ʁa/ 		saisirons
/sɛ.zi.ʁɔ̃/ or /se.zi.ʁɔ̃/ 		saisirez
/sɛ.zi.ʁe/ or /se.zi.ʁe/ 		saisiront
/sɛ.zi.ʁɔ̃/ or /se.zi.ʁɔ̃/
conditional saisirais
/sɛ.zi.ʁɛ/ or /se.zi.ʁɛ/ 		saisirais
/sɛ.zi.ʁɛ/ or /se.zi.ʁɛ/ 		saisirait
/sɛ.zi.ʁɛ/ or /se.zi.ʁɛ/ 		saisirions
/sɛ.zi.ʁjɔ̃/ or /se.zi.ʁjɔ̃/ 		saisiriez
/sɛ.zi.ʁje/ or /se.zi.ʁje/ 		saisiraient
/sɛ.zi.ʁɛ/ or /se.zi.ʁɛ/
(compound
tenses) 		present perfect present indicative of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
past anterior2 past historic of avoir + past participle
future perfect future of avoir + past participle
conditional perfect conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive que je (j’) que tu qu’il, qu’elle que nous que vous qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple
tenses) 		present saisisse
/sɛ.zis/ or /se.zis/ 		saisisses
/sɛ.zis/ or /se.zis/ 		saisisse
/sɛ.zis/ or /se.zis/ 		saisissions
/sɛ.zi.sjɔ̃/ or /se.zi.sjɔ̃/ 		saisissiez
/sɛ.zi.sje/ or /se.zi.sje/ 		saisissent
/sɛ.zis/ or /se.zis/
imperfect2 saisisse
/sɛ.zis/ or /se.zis/ 		saisisses
/sɛ.zis/ or /se.zis/ 		saisît
/sɛ.zi/ or /se.zi/ 		saisissions
/sɛ.zi.sjɔ̃/ or /se.zi.sjɔ̃/ 		saisissiez
/sɛ.zi.sje/ or /se.zi.sje/ 		saisissent
/sɛ.zis/ or /se.zis/
(compound
tenses) 		past present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
pluperfect2 imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative – tu – nous vous –
simple — saisis
/sɛ.zi/ or /se.zi/ 		— saisissons
/sɛ.zi.sɔ̃/ or /se.zi.sɔ̃/ 		saisissez
/sɛ.zi.se/ or /se.zi.se/ 		—
compound — simple imperative of avoir + past participle — simple imperative of avoir + past participle simple imperative of avoir + past participle —
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
  • past historic → present perfect
  • past anterior → pluperfect
  • imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive
  • pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive

(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Derived terms[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ C. T. Onions, ed., Oxford Dictionary of English Etymology, s.v. “seize” (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1966), 807.
  2. ^ Robert K. Barnhart & Sol Steinmetz, eds., Barnhart Dictionary of Etymology, s.v. “seize” (Bronx, NY: H. W. Wilson, 1988), 980.
  3. ^ Etymology and history of “saisir”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Further reading[edit]

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