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vest

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: Vest, věst, vést, and vešt

English

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English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Etymology

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From French veste (“a vest, jacket”), from Latin vestis (“a garment, gown, robe, vestment, clothing, vesture”), from Proto-Indo-European *wéstis, from *wes- (“to be dressed”) (English wear). Cognate with Sanskrit वस्त्र (vastra) and Spanish vestir.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /vɛst/
  • Audio (US):(file)
  • Rhymes: -ɛst

Noun

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vest (plural vests)

  1. (Canada, US) A sleeveless garment that buttons down the front, worn over a shirt, and often as part of a suit; a waistcoat.
    Synonym: (Britain) waistcoat
    • 1913, Joseph C[rosby] Lincoln, chapter X, in Mr. Pratt’s Patients, New York, N.Y.; London: D[aniel] Appleton and Company, →OCLC:
      The Jones man was looking at her hard. Now he reached into the hatch of his vest and fetched out a couple of cigars, everlasting big ones, with gilt bands on them.
  2. (British) A sleeveless garment, often with a low-cut neck, usually worn under a shirt or blouse.
    Synonyms: singlet, (US) tank top, (US) undershirt
  3. A sleeveless top, typically with identifying colours or logos, worn by an athlete or member of a sports team.
  4. Any sleeveless outer garment, often for a purpose such as identification, safety, or storage.
    • 2010, Thomas Mullen, The Many Deaths of the Firefly Brothers, Random House, →ISBN, page 162:
      He gripped some of the shreds and pulled off his vest and the shirt beneath it, his clothing disintegrating around him. What in the hell point was there in wearing a twenty-five-pound bulletproof vest if you could still get gunned to death?
  5. A vestment.
  6. Clothing generally; array; garb.
    • 1800, William Wordsworth, [unnamed poem] (classified under Inscriptions)
      Not seldom, clad in radiant vest / Deceitfully goes forth the morn.
  7. (now rare) A loose robe or outer garment worn historically by men in Arab or Middle Eastern countries.

Hyponyms

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Derived terms

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Translations

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The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

Verb

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vest (third-person singular simple present vests, present participle vesting, simple past and past participle vested)

  1. (chiefly passive) To clothe with, or as with, a vestment, or garment; to dress; to robe; to cover, surround, or encompass closely.
    • 1673, John Milton, Methought I Saw my Late Espoused Saint:
      Came vested all in white, pure as her mind.
    • 1697, John Dryden, Aeneid:
      With ether vested, and a purple sky.
  2. To clothe with authority, power, etc.; to put in possession; to invest; to furnish; to endow; followed by with and the thing conferred.
    to vest a court with power to try cases of life and death
    • c. 1718, Matthew Prior, To Mr. Howard - An Ode:
      Had thy poor breast receiv’d an equal pain; / Had I been vested with the monarch’s power; / Thou must have sigh’d, unlucky youth, in vain; / Nor from my bounty hadst thou found a cure.
  3. To place or give into the possession or discretion of some person or authority; to commit to another; with in before the possessor.
    The power of life and death is vested in the king, or in the courts.
  4. (law) To clothe with possession; also, to give a person an immediate fixed right of present or future enjoyment of.
    to vest a person with an estate
    an estate is vested in possession
  5. (law, intransitive) (of an inheritance or a trust fund) To devolve upon the person currently entitled when a prior interest has ended.
    Upon the death of the Sovereign the Crown automatically vests in the next heir without the need of coronation or other formality.
  6. (finance, intransitive) To become vested, to become permanent.
    My pension vests at the end of the month and then I can take it with me when I quit.
    • 2005, Kaye A. Thomas, Consider Your Options, page 104:
      If you doubt that you'll stick around at the company long enough for your options to vest, you should discount the value for that uncertainty as well.
    • 2007, Ransey Guy Cole, Jr. (United States Court of Appeals, Sixth Circuit), Roger Miller Music, Inc. v. Sony ATV Publishing, LLC
      Sony interpreted 17 U.S.C. § 304 as requiring that the author be alive at the start of the copyright renewal term for the author’s prior assignments to vest.
    • 2025 August 4, Mike Isaac, “A.I. Has Ushered in Silicon Valley’s ‘Hard Tech’ Era”, in The New York Times‎[1], archived from the original on 4 August 2025:
      They were, they said tipsily, essentially being paid to do nothing while earning out — or “vesting” — their stock grants. “Rest and vest,” the techies said, in between sips of beer.
  7. (obsolete) To invest; to put.
    to vest money in goods, land, or houses

Further reading

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Anagrams

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Danish

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From Old Norse vestr, from Proto-Germanic *westrą.

Noun

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vest c (singular definite vesten, not used in plural form)

  1. the west
Inflection
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Declension of vest
common
gender 		singular
indefinite definite
nominative vest vesten
genitive vests vestens
Derived terms
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Adverb

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vest

  1. toward the west, westwards

Etymology 2

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From French veste.

Noun

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vest c (singular definite vesten, plural indefinite veste)

  1. A vest.
Inflection
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Declension of vest
common
gender 		singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative vest vesten veste vestene
genitive vests vestens vestes vestenes

References

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See also

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compass points:  [edit]

nordvest nord nordøst
vest øst
sydvest syd sydøst

Dutch

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From Middle Dutch vest, veste. This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

Noun

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vest f (plural vesten, diminutive vestje n)

  1. fortified wall, city wall
  2. moat
  3. boulevard
Alternative forms
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Etymology 2

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Borrowed from French veste, from Italian veste, from Latin vestis.

Noun

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vest n (plural vesten, diminutive vestje n)

  1. vest, cardigan, waistcoat
Derived terms
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German

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Adjective

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vest

  1. obsolete spelling of fest

Latvian

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Etymology

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Inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic *westéi. Cognate with Lithuanian vesti, Polish wieść, Russian вести (vesti), Slovene vesti.

Verb

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vest (transitive or intransitive, 1st conjugation, present vedu, ved, ved, past vedu)

  1. to lead

Conjugation

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Conjugation of vest (1st)
indicative (īstenības izteiksme) imperative
(pavēles izteiksme)
present
(tagadne) 		past
(pagātne) 		future
(nākotne)
1st person sg es vedu vedu vedīšu —
2nd person sg tu ved vedi vedīsi ved
3rd person sg viņš, viņa ved veda vedīs lai ved
1st person pl mēs vedam vedām vedīsim vedīsim
2nd person pl jūs vedat vedāt vedīsiet,
vedīsit 		vediet
3rd person pl viņi, viņas ved veda vedīs lai ved
renarrative (atstāstījuma izteiksme) participles (divdabji)
present vedot present active 1 (adj.) vedošs
past esot vedis present active 2 (adv.) vezdams
future vedīšot present active 3 (adv.) vedot
imperative lai vedot present active 4 (obj.) vedam
conditional (vēlējuma izteiksme) past active vedis
present vestu present passive vedams
past būtu vedis past passive vests
debitive (vajadzības izteiksme) nominal forms
indicative (būt) jāved infinitive (nenoteiksme) vest
conjunctive 1 esot jāved negative infinitive nevest
conjunctive 2 jāvedot verbal noun vešana

Derived terms

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Livonian

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Etymology

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Borrowed from German Weste.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈvest/, [ˈvesˑt]

Noun

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vest

  1. vest

Declension

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Declension of vest (62)
singular (ikšlu’g) plural (pǟgiņlu’g)
nominative (nominatīv) vest vestīd
genitive (genitīv) vest vestīd
partitive (partitīv) vestõ vestīdi
dative (datīv) vestõn vestīdõn
instrumental (instrumentāl) vestõks vestīdõks
illative (illatīv) vestõ vestīž
inessive (inesīv) vestsõ vestīs
elative (elatīv) veststõ vestīst

References

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  • Tiit-Rein Viitso; Valts Ernštreits (2012–2013), “vest”, in Līvõkīel-ēstikīel-lețkīel sõnārōntõz [Livonian-Estonian-Latvian Dictionary]‎[2] (in Estonian and Latvian), Tartu, Rīga: Tartu Ülikool, Latviešu valodas aģentūra

Norwegian Bokmål

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vest

Etymology 1

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From Danish vest, from Old Norse vestr, from Proto-Germanic *westrą.

Noun

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vest n (abbreviation V) (indeclinable)

  2. west (compass point)
Antonyms
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Derived terms
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Norwegian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia no
Norwegian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia no

Etymology 2

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From Latin vestis, via French [Term?] and Italian [Term?].

Noun

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vest m (definite singular vesten, indefinite plural vester, definite plural vestene)

  2. a waistcoat
Derived terms
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Norwegian Nynorsk

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Norwegian Nynorsk Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia nn

Etymology 1

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From Old Norse vestr, from Proto-Germanic *westrą.

Noun

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vest n (indeclinable) (abbreviation: V)

  1. west (compass point)
Antonyms
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Derived terms
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Norwegian Nynorsk Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia nn

Etymology 2

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From Latin vestis, via French and Italian.

Noun

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vest m (definite singular vesten, indefinite plural vestar, definite plural vestane)

  1. a waistcoat
Derived terms
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Old Swedish

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Verb

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vēst

  1. second-person present indicative of vita

Romanian

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Etymology

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Borrowed from German West.

Noun

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vest n (uncountable)

  1. west
    Synonyms: apus, asfințit, occident

Declension

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singular only indefinite definite
nominative-accusative vest vestul
genitive-dative vest vestului
vocative vestule

Coordinate terms

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compass points (French/Germanic origin): puncte cardinale:  [edit]

nord-vest nord nord-est
vest est
sud-vest sud sud-est

Romansh

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Etymology

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From a Germanic language.

Noun

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vest m

  1. west

Antonyms

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Derived terms

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Serbo-Croatian

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Inherited from Proto-Slavic *věstь, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *waid-, from Proto-Indo-European *weyd- (“to see, know, perceive”).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ʋêːst/
  • Hyphenation: vest

Noun

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vȇst f (Cyrillic spelling ве̑ст)

  1. report, news
    Da li si mu kazala vesti? ― Did you tell him the news?

Declension

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Declension of vest
singular plural
nominative vȇst vȇsti
genitive vȇsti véstī
dative vȇsti véstima
accusative vȇst vȇsti
vocative vȇsti vȇsti
locative vésti véstima
instrumental vȇšću véstima

Derived terms

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References

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  • “vest”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2026

Slovene

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Etymology

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From Proto-Slavic *věstь. First attested in the 16th century.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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vẹ̑st f

  1. conscience

Declension

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Unknown tone or non-tonal
 The diacritics used in this section of the entry are non-tonal. If you are a native tonal speaker, please help by adding the tonal marks.
Feminine, i-stem, long mixed accent
nom. sing. vést
gen. sing. vestí
singular dual plural
nominative
(imenovȃlnik) 		vést vestí vestí
genitive
(rodȋlnik) 		vestí vestí vestí
dative
(dajȃlnik) 		vésti vestéma vestém
accusative
(tožȋlnik) 		vést vestí vestí
locative
(mẹ̑stnik) 		vésti vestéh vestéh
instrumental
(orọ̑dnik) 		vestjó vestéma vestmí

Further reading

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  • “vest”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran
  • “vest”, in Termania, Amebis
  • See also the general references
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