sakna

Cebuano

Pronunciation

• Hyphenation: sak‧na

Verb

sakna

1. to broach; to begin discussion about something
2. to challenge

Icelandic

Etymology

From Old Norse sakna.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsahkna/
  • Rhymes: -ahkna

Verb

sakna (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative saknaði, supine saknað)

1. to miss, to long for [with genitive]
2. to miss, to lack, to be without [with genitive]

Conjugation

sakna – active voice (germynd)

infinitive nafnháttur		að sakna
supine sagnbót		saknað
present participle lýsingarháttur nútíðar		saknandi
		indicative framsöguháttur			subjunctive viðtengingarháttur
		present nútíð	past þátíð		present nútíð	past þátíð
singular	ég	sakna	saknaði		sakni	saknaði
	þú	saknar	saknaðir		saknir	saknaðir
	hann, hún, það	saknar	saknaði		sakni	saknaði
plural	við	söknum	söknuðum		söknum	söknuðum
	þið	saknið	söknuðuð		saknið	söknuðuð
	þeir, þær, þau	sakna	söknuðu		sakni	söknuðu
		imperative boðháttur
singular	þú	sakna (þú), saknaðu
plural	þið	saknið (þið), sakniði1

¹ Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Old Norse sakna.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /²sakna/

Verb

sakna (present tense saknar, past tense sakna, past participle sakna, passive infinitive saknast, present participle saknande, imperative sakna/sakn)

1. to miss, lack

   Denne soga saknar like.

   This story lacks a parallel.

2. to be missing

   Tre turistar er sakna i fjellet.

   Three tourists have gone missing in the mountains.

3. to miss, have a longing for something

   Eg saknar familien min.

   I miss my family.

References

• “sakna” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Old Norse

Etymology

From saka (“to blame, scathe”). Compare Gothic 𐍃𐌰𐌺𐌰𐌽 (sakan, “to dispute, quarrel”).

Verb

sakna (singular past indicative saknaða, plural past indicative sǫknuðu, past participle saknaðr)

1. to miss, feel the loss of [with genitive]

   þá saknar hann hringsins

   Then he misses his ring

Conjugation

Conjugation of sakna — active (weak class 2)

infinitive	sakna
present participle	saknandi
past participle	saknaðr
	indicative			subjunctive
	present	past		present	past
1st person singular	sakna	saknaða		sakna	saknaða
2nd person singular	saknar	saknaðir		saknir	saknaðir
3rd person singular	saknar	saknaði		sakni	saknaði
1st person plural	sǫknum	sǫknuðum		saknim	saknaðim
2nd person plural	saknið	sǫknuðuð		saknið	saknaðið
3rd person plural	sakna	sǫknuðu		sakni	saknaði
imperative	present
2nd person singular	sakna
1st person plural	sǫknum
2nd person plural	saknið

Conjugation of sakna — mediopassive (weak class 2)

infinitive	saknask
present participle	saknandisk
past participle	saknazk
	indicative			subjunctive
	present	past		present	past
1st person singular	sǫknumk	sǫknuðumk		sǫknumk	sǫknuðumk
2nd person singular	saknask	saknaðisk		saknisk	saknaðisk
3rd person singular	saknask	saknaðisk		saknisk	saknaðisk
1st person plural	sǫknumsk	sǫknuðumsk		saknimsk	saknaðimsk
2nd person plural	saknizk	sǫknuðuzk		saknizk	saknaðizk
3rd person plural	saknask	sǫknuðusk		saknisk	saknaðisk
imperative	present
2nd person singular	saknask
1st person plural	sǫknumsk
2nd person plural	saknizk

Derived terms

• saknaðr
• sakni
• sǫknuðr

Descendants

• Icelandic: sakna
• Faroese: sakna
• Norwegian Nynorsk: sakna
  • → Norwegian Bokmål: sakne
• Old Swedish: sakna
  • Swedish: sakna
• Old Danish: saghnæ, saknæ
  • Danish: savne
    • Norwegian Bokmål: savne
    • Norwegian Bokmål: savne

Further reading

• Richard Cleasby, Guðbrandur Vigfússon (1874) “sakna”, in An Icelandic-English Dictionary, 1st edition, Oxford: Oxford Clarendon Press, page 509
• Zoëga, Geir T. (1910) “sakna”, in A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press; also available at the Internet Archive

Old Swedish

Etymology

From Old Norse sakna.

Verb

sakna

1. (transitive, with genitive) to miss, feel the loss of

Conjugation

Conjugation of sakna (weak)

	present				past
infinitive	sakna				—
participle	saknandi, -e				saknaþer
active voice	indicative	subjunctive	imperative		indicative	subjunctive
iæk	saknar	sakni, -e	—		saknaþi, -e	saknaþi, -e
þū	saknar	sakni, -e	sakna		saknaþi, -e	saknaþi, -e
han	saknar	sakni, -e	—		saknaþi, -e	saknaþi, -e
vīr	saknum, -om	saknum, -om	saknum, -om		saknaþum, -om	saknaþum, -om
īr	saknin	saknin	saknin		saknaþin	saknaþin
þēr	sakna	saknin	—		saknaþu, -o	saknaþin
mediopassive voice	indicative	subjunctive	imperative		indicative	subjunctive
iæk	—	—	—		—	—
þū	—	—	—		—	—
han	—	—	—		—	—
vīr	—	—	—		—	—
īr	—	—	—		—	—
þēr	—	—	—		—	—

Descendants

• Swedish: sakna

Swedish

Etymology

From Old Swedish sakna, from Old Norse sakna (“miss”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sɑːkna/

• Audio:

  (file)

Verb

sakna (present saknar, preterite saknade, supine saknat, imperative sakna)

1. to miss, to lack, to want, to be without

   Jag saknar dig.

   I miss you.

   Cykeln saknar ett hjul.

   The bicycle lacks a wheel.

Conjugation

Conjugation of sakna (weak)

	active		passive
infinitive	sakna		saknas
supine	saknat		saknats
imperative	sakna		—
imper. plural1	saknen		—
	present	past	present	past
indicative	saknar	saknade	saknas	saknades
ind. plural1	sakna	saknade	saknas	saknades
subjunctive2	sakne	saknade	saknes	saknades
present participle		saknande
past participle		saknad

¹ Archaic. ² Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs.

Anagrams

• ankas, askan, kanas