sten

See also: Sten, stěn, and sten-

English

Noun

sten (plural stens)

1. Alternative letter-case form of Sten

See also

• sten do (etymologically unrelated)

Cornish

Pronunciation

• (Revived Middle Cornish) IPA^(key): [stɛːn]
• (Revived Late Cornish) IPA^(key): [steːn]

• Audio (Revived Middle Cornish):

  (file)

Etymology 1

Chemical element
Sn
Previous: indiom (In)
Next: antimoni (Sb)

From Middle Cornish stean, from Proto-Brythonic *staɨn, from Proto-Celtic *stagnom. Cognate with Breton staen, Irish stán, Manx stainney, Scottish Gaelic staoin, and Welsh ystaen.

Noun

sten m (uncountable)

1. tin

Derived terms

• poll sten (“tin pit”)
• sten an heyl (“tin stream”)
• sten du (“tin ore”)
• stenek (“tin ground, stannary”)
• stener, stenores (“tinner”)

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Possibly from Etymology 1.”)

Noun

sten m (plural stenys)

1. milking pail

   Synonym: kelorn-godra

References

• “sten” in Cornish Dictionary / Gerlyver Kernewek, Akademi Kernewek.
• Akademi Kernewek Gerlyver Kernewek (FSS) Cornish Dictionary (SWF) (in Cornish), 2018, published 2018, page 173

Czech

Etymology

Deverbal from sténat.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈstɛn]

Noun

sten m inan

1. (literary) groan, moan

Declension

Declension of sten (hard masculine inanimate)

	singular	plural
nominative	sten	steny
genitive	stenu	stenů
dative	stenu	stenům
accusative	sten	steny
vocative	stene	steny
locative	stenu	stenech
instrumental	stenem	steny

Further reading

• “sten”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
• “sten”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
• “sten”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech), 2008–2026

Danish

Etymology

From Old Norse steinn, from Proto-Norse ᛊᛏᚨᛁᚾᚨᛉ (stainaʀ), from Proto-Germanic *stainaz, ultimately from the Proto-Indo-European *steyh₂-. Cognate with English stone.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /steːn/, [ˈsd̥eˀn]

Noun

sten c (singular definite stenen, plural indefinite sten)

1. stone

Declension

Declension of sten

common gender	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	sten	stenen	sten	stenene
genitive	stens	stenens	stens	stenenes

Derived terms

• prøvesten
• rendesten
• stenaffald
• stenbelægning
• stenblandet
• stenbolværk
• stenborg
• stenboring
• stenbrokker
• stenbrolægning
• stenbrønd
• stenbunke
• stenbygget
• stenbygning
• stenbækken
• stendannelse
• stendæmning
• stenfad
• stenflække
• stenfløts
• stenforretning
• stengavl
• stenhandel
• stenhegnet
• stenhjul
• stenhule
• stenhøfde
• stenkaj
• stenklump
• stenkrukke
• stenkugle
• stenkumme
• stenkølle
• stenlag
• stenlæs
• stenmark
• stenmejslet
• stenmindedmærke
• stenmængde
• stenport
• stenpotte
• stenprydelse
• stenrør
• stensankning
• stenskorpe
• stenslib
• stensprængning
• stenstørrelse
• stenvold

References

• “sten” in Den Danske Ordbog
• “sten” in Ordbog over det danske Sprog

Middle High German

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (before 13^th CE) /ˈs̠teːn/

Verb

stēn

1. alternative form of stān

Middle Low German

Etymology

From Old Saxon sten, from Proto-West Germanic *stain, from Proto-Germanic *stainaz.

Pronunciation

• (originally) IPA^(key): /stɛːn/

Noun

sten m

1. stone

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

See the main entry.

Noun

sten m (definite singular stenen, indefinite plural stener, definite plural stenene)

1. alternative form of stein (“stone”), officially recognized in the following senses:
   1. (jewelry) gem, gemstone
   2. (botany) stone, pit of a stonefruit
   3. (medicine) stone, hardened tissue (as in kidney stone etc.)
   4. (informal) testicle, ball
2. (Riksmål, otherwise nonstandard) in other senses of the above noun

Derived terms

• edelsten
• stenfrukt
• gallesten, nyresten, tannsten

References

• “sten” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Old Dutch

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *stain, from Proto-Germanic *stainaz.

Noun

stēn m

1. stone

Declension

Declension of stēn (masculine a-stem noun)

case	singular	plural
nominative	stēn	stēna
accusative	stēn	stēna
genitive	stēnes	stēno
dative	stēne	stēnon

Alternative forms

• stein

Descendants

• Middle Dutch: stêen
  • Dutch: steen
    • Afrikaans: steen
      • → Sotho: setene
      • → Southern Ndebele: isitina
      • → Zulu: isitini
        • Fanagalo: stin
    • Berbice Creole Dutch: ten
    • Negerhollands: steen, stin, sten
      • → Virgin Islands Creole: sten (dated)
    • Skepi Creole Dutch: stene, stenna
    • → Papiamentu: stenchi (from the diminutive)
  • Limburgish: stein

Further reading

• “stēn”, in Oudnederlands Woordenboek, 2012

Old Frisian

Ēn stēn.

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *stain, from Proto-Germanic *stainaz, from Proto-Indo-European *steyh₂- (“to stiffen”). Compare Old English stān, Old Saxon stēn, Old Dutch stēn and Old High German stein.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsteːn/, [ˈstɛːn]

Noun

stēn m

1. stone

Declension

Declension of stēn (masculine a-stem)

	singular	plural
nominative	stēn	stēnar, stēna
accusative	stēn	stēnar, stēna
genitive	stēnes	stēna
dative	stēne	stēnum, stēnem

Descendants

• North Frisian:

  Föhr-Amrum: stian

  Goesharde, Wiedingharde: stiin

  Halligen: stian

  Heligoland: stean

  Mooring: stiinj

  Sylt: Stiin

• Saterland Frisian: Steen
• West Frisian: stien

References

• Bremmer, Rolf H. (2009), An Introduction to Old Frisian: History, Grammar, Reader, Glossary, Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, →ISBN

Old High German

Etymology

The development of the form stēn is analogous to that of gēn (“to go”). See there for further information.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /s̠teːn/

Verb

stēn

1. alternative form of stān (“to stand”)

Descendants

• Middle High German: stēn
  • German: stehen, stehn

Old Saxon

Alternative forms

• stein

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *stain, from Proto-Germanic *stainaz. Compare Old English stān, Old High German stein.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /stɛːn/

Noun

stēn m

1. stone, rock

   bran all samað stēn endi erða

   The rock burnt all together with the ground

   (Genesis, verse 317)

Declension

stēn (masculine a-stem)

	singular	plural
nominative	stēn	stēnos
accusative	stēn	stēnos
genitive	stēnes	stēnō
dative	stēne	stēnum
instrumental	—	—

Descendants

• Middle Low German: stên, stein
  • Low German: Stein
    • German Low German: Steen, Stein, Sten

      Hamburgisch: Steen

    • Westphalian:

      Ravensbergisch-Lippisch: Stëin

      Lippisch: Steun

      Sauerländisch: Stäin, Stoin, Stǟn, Stain, Steyn

      Westmünsterländisch: Steen

  • Plautdietsch: Steen

Old Swedish

Etymology

From Old Norse steinn, from Proto-Germanic *stainaz.

Noun

stēn m

1. stone

Declension

Declension of stēner (strong a-stem)

masculine	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	stēner	stēnrin	stēnar	stēnanir, stēnaner
accusative	stēn	stēnin	stēna	stēnana
dative	stēni, stēne	stēninum, stēnenom	stēnum, stēnom	stēnumin, stēnomen
genitive	stēns	stēnsins	stēna	stēnanna

Descendants

• Swedish: sten

Sranan Tongo

Etymology

Borrowed from Dutch stem.

Noun

sten

1. voice

Swedish

en man som kastar en sten [a man throwing a stone]

Etymology

From Old Swedish sten, from Old Norse steinn, from Proto-Norse ᛊᛏᚨᛁᚾᚨᛉ (stainaʀ), from Proto-Germanic *stainaz, ultimately from the Proto-Indo-European *steyh₂-.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /steːn/, [steꜜɜn]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

sten c

1. (sometimes collectively) a stone; a rock

   Han har en liten sten

   He has a small stone

   1. a pebble

      Synonyms: småsten, (piece of gravel) gruskorn

   2. a boulder

      Synonyms: stenblock, stenbumling, (glacial erratic) flyttblock

2. (uncountable) stone; rock

   Synonyms: (rock (bedrock)) berg, (bedrock) berggrund

   stenar är gjorda av sten

   stones are made of stone

   hjärta av sten

   heart of stone

   stenbro

   stone bridge

Declension

Declension of sten

		nominative	genitive
singular	indefinite	sten	stens
	definite	stenen	stenens
plural	indefinite	stenar	stenars
	definite	stenarna	stenarnas

Derived terms

• bautasten
• gallsten
• gravsten
• klappersten
• njursten
• rullsten
• småsten
• stena
• stenbumling
• stenblock
• ädelsten

See also

• berg
• berggrund
• grus
• klapperstensfält
• klippa
• kobbe
• sandkorn
• singel
• skär

References

• sten in Svensk ordbok (SO)
• sten in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
• sten in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)

Anagrams

• sent, tens