sulam

See also: sulām and சூலம்

English

Etymology

Borrowed from Tamil சூலம் (cūlam), in turn from Sanskrit शूल (śūla) or Sanskrit त्रिशूल (triśūla).

Noun

sulam (plural sulams)

1. (Hinduism, India, Malaysia, Tamil context) a trident, a trishula; a sacred weapon used by Hindu deities.

Malay

Etymology

From Proto-Malayic *sulam, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *sulam (“to pierce with a needle”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sulam/
• Rhymes: -ulam, -lam, -am

Verb

sulam (Jawi spelling سولم)

1. to embroider (to stitch a decorative design on fabric with needle and thread).

   Ibu sedang menyulam bunga pada baju kurung itu. ― Mother is embroidering flowers on the Baju Kurung.

2. (figuratively) to intersperse; to weave in; to supplement.

   Ucapannya disulam dengan jenaka. ― His speech was interspersed with jokes.

3. (agriculture) to replant; to replace (dead plants or seeds to fill gaps in a crop).

   Petani itu sedang menyulam anak padi yang mati. ― The farmer is replanting the rice seedlings that died.

Derived terms

Affixed terms and other derivations

Regular affixed derivations:

• penyulam [agentive / qualitative / instrumental / abstract / measure] (peN-)
• penyulaman [agentive / qualitative / instrumental / abstract / measure + resultative / locative / collective / variety / verbal noun / fruit] (peN- + -an)
• sulaman [resultative / locative / collective / variety / verbal noun / fruit] (-an)
• menyulam [agent focus] (meN-)
• disulam [patient focus] (di-)
• bersulam [stative / habitual] (beR-)
• bersulamkan [stative / habitual + causative benefactive] (beR- + -kan)

Irregular affixed derivations, other derivations and compound words:

• sulam-menyulam
• sulam padu

Descendants

• Indonesian: sulam

References

• “sulam”, in Kamus Dewan [The Institute Dictionary] (in Malay), Fourth edition, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2005, →ISBN
• "sulam" in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu (PRPM) [Malay Literary Reference Centre (PRPM)] (in Malay), Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017
  (also see "sulam" at PRPM first version)

Tagalog

Alternative forms

• solam — obsolete, Spanish-based spelling

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *sulam (“pierce or remove with a needle”). Compare Central Bikol suram and Malay sulam.

Pronunciation

• (Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /ˈsulam/ [ˈsuː.lɐm]
• Rhymes: -ulam
• Syllabification: su‧lam

Noun

sulam (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜓᜎᜋ᜔)

1. (art) decorative work; needlework; embroidery (on mats, fabric, cloth, etc.)

   Synonyms: borda, labor, samay, disenyo

Derived terms

• isulam
• magsulam
• manulam
• pagsulaman
• pagsulamin
• panulam
• panyo na sinulaman
• sinulaman
• sulaman
• sulamin
• sumulam

See also

• samay

Further reading

• “sulam”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, 2018
• Serrano Laktaw, Pedro (1914), Diccionario tagálog-hispano (overall work in Tagalog and Spanish), Intramuros, Manila: Ateneo de Manila., page 1201
• San Buena Ventura, Fr. Pedro de (1613), Vocabulario de lengua tagala. El romance castellano puesto primero. Primera, y segunda parte.‎^[1] (overall work in Early Modern Spanish and Classical Tagalog), as directed by Gov. Gen. Juan de Silva, Pila, Laguna: La noble Villa de Pila, por Tomás Pinpin y Domingo Loag., page 380: “Labrar) Solam (pp) con ſeda floja y aguja”

Waray-Waray

Adjective

sulam

1. toothless; edentate; edentulous