werden

See also: Werden

Dutch

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈʋɛrdə(n)/

• Audio

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɛrdən

Verb

werden

1. (deprecated template usage) plural past indicative and subjunctive of worden

Anagrams

• werend

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German

Etymology

From Middle High German wërden, from Old High German werdan, from Proto-Germanic *werþaną. Cognate with Dutch worden, Swedish varda, obsolete English worth (“to become”) and also with Latin vertere (“to turn”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈveːrdən/, [ˈveːɐ̯.dn̩], [ˈvɛɐ̯-], [ʋ-], [-dən]

• audio

  (file)

Verb

1. (auxiliary, with an infinitive, past participle geworden) will; to be going (to do something); forms the future tense

   Ich werde nach Hause gehen.

   I will go home.

2. (auxiliary, with a past participle, past participle worden) to be done; forms the passive voice

   Das Buch wird gerade gelesen. (present tense)

   The book is being read.

   Er war geschlagen worden. (past perfect tense)

   He had been beaten.

3. (intransitive, past participle geworden) to become; to get; to grow; to turn

   Es wird heißer.

   It's getting hotter.

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Middle Dutch

Etymology

From Old Dutch werthan, from Proto-Germanic *werþaną.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈwerdən/

Verb

werden

1. to become
2. to happen, to occur
3. to arise, to form

Inflection

Strong class 3
Infinitive	werden
3rd sg. past	wart
3rd pl. past	worden
Past participle	word
Infinitive	werden
In genitive	werdens
In dative	werdene
Indicative	Present	Past
1st singular	werde	wart
2nd singular	werts, werdes	worts, wordes
3rd singular	wert, werdet	wart
1st plural	werden	worden
2nd plural	wert, werdet	wort, wordet
3rd plural	werden	worden
Subjunctive	Present	Past
1st singular	werde	worde
2nd singular	werts, werdes	wordes
3rd singular	werde	worde
1st plural	werden	worden
2nd plural	wert, werdet	wordet
3rd plural	werden	worden
Imperative	Present
Singular	wert, werde
Plural	wert, werdet
	Present	Past
Participle	werdende	word

Alternative forms

• worden (late)

Derived terms

• verwerden

Descendants

• Dutch: worden
  • Afrikaans: word
  • Negerhollands: word
  • Petjo: worden
• Limburgish: waere

Further reading

• “werden (I)”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
• Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “werden (II)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN, page II

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Middle High German

Etymology

From Old High German werdan, from Proto-Germanic *werþaną. Cognate with Dutch worden and obsolete English worth (“to become”).

Verb

wërden

1. to become

Conjugation

conjugation of wërden (strong class III)

infinitive		wërden
present participle		wërdende
past participle		geworden
	indicative			subjunctive
present	ich wirde	wir wërden	i	ich wërde	wir wërden
	du wirdest	ir wërdet		du wërdest	ir wërdet
	ër wirdet	sie wërdent		ër wërdet	sie wërden
preterite	ich ward	wir wurden	ii	ich würde	wir würden
	du würde	ir wurdet		du würdest	ir würdet
	ër ward	sie wurden		ër würde	sie würden
imperative	wird (du)	wërden (wir)	wërdet (ir)

Descendants

• Alemannic German: wërde

  Swabian: werra

• Central Franconian: wääde, wääre
• German: werden
• Luxembourgish: wäerten
• Pennsylvania German: waerre
• Yiddish: ווערן‎ (vern‎)

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Middle Low German

Etymology

From Old Saxon wērthan (“to become”), from Proto-Germanic *werþaną.

Pronunciation

• Stem vowel: ê²
  • (originally) IPA^(key): /wɛːrdən/ or IPA^(key): /wærdən/
  • While the combination /rd/ originally lengthened the vowel in Old Saxon, in several Middle Low German dialects it was treated like a geminate, or had actually become /r/, and in turn shortened long vowels occurring before it. Further, the vowel was shortened before /rt/ from final obstruent devoicing. Dialects then often begun to apply the more common vowel length across all forms.

Verb

wêrden or werden

1. to become
2. auxiliary verb used to form the passive

Conjugation

Conjugation of werden as a class 3c strong verb

Plain Infinitive	werden
Full Infinitive (Gerund)	tô werdene or tô werdende
Verbal Noun	werden or werdent
Participles			Imperatives
Present	werdende		2nd Person Singular	wert
Past	geworden		2nd Person Plural	werdet
	Indicative		Subjunctive
	Present	Preterite	Present	Preterite
1st Person Singular	werde	wart	werde	wörde
2nd Person Singular	werdest or wertst	wordest or wördest	werdest	wördest
3rd Person Singular	werdet or wert	wart	werdet	wörde
Plural	werden (werdet?)	worden or wörden	werden	wörden