whirl

English

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /wɜːl/
• (without the wine–whine merger, non-rhotic) IPA^(key): /ʍɜːl/
• (General American) enPR: (h)wûrl, IPA^(key): /(h)wɝl/
• (Scotland, Ireland) IPA^(key): /ˈʍɪɾ(ə̯)l/

• Audio (US)

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• Rhymes: -ɜː(ɹ)l
• Homophone: whorl

Etymology 1

From Middle English whirlen, contracted from earlier *whirvelen, *whervelen, possibly from Old English *hwyrflian, *hweorflian (attested in hwirflung, hwerflung (“change, vicissitude”)), frequentative form of Old English hweorfan (“to turn”), itself from Proto-West Germanic *hweban, from Proto-Germanic *hwerbaną (“to turn”); or perhaps from Old Norse hvirfla (“to go round, spin”). Cognate with Dutch wervelen (“to whirl, swirl”), German wirbeln (“to whirl, swirl”), Danish hvirvle (“to whirl”), Swedish virvla (older spelling hvirfla), Albanian vorbull (“a whirl”). Related to whirr and wharve.

Verb

whirl (third-person singular simple present whirls, present participle whirling, simple past and past participle whirled)

1. (intransitive) To rotate, revolve, spin or turn rapidly.

   The dancer whirled across the stage, stopped, and whirled around to face the audience.

   • 1697, Virgil, “(please specify the book number)”, in John Dryden, transl., The Works of Virgil: Containing His Pastorals, Georgics, and Æneis. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC:

     He whirls his sword around without delay.

   • 1900 May 17, L[yman] Frank Baum, The Wonderful Wizard of Oz, Chicago, Ill.; New York, N.Y.: Geo[rge] M. Hill Co., →OCLC:

     The house whirled around two or three times and rose slowly through the air. Dorothy felt as if she were going up in a balloon.

2. (intransitive) To have a sensation of spinning or reeling.

   My head is whirling after all that drink.

3. (transitive) To make something or someone whirl.

   The dancer whirled his partner round on her toes.

4. (transitive) To remove or carry quickly with, or as with, a revolving motion; to snatch.
   • c. 1630, John Milton, “The Passion”, in Poems of Mr. John Milton, […], London: […] Ruth Raworth for Humphrey Mosely, […], published 1646, →OCLC:

     See, see the chariot, and those rushing wheels, / That whirled the prophet up at Chebar flood.

   • 1855, Alfred Tennyson, “(please specify the page number(s))”, in Maud, and Other Poems, London: Edward Moxon, […], →OCLC:

     The passionate heart of the poet is whirl'd into folly.

Translations

To rotate, revolve, spin rapidly

• Bulgarian: въртя се бързо (vǎrtja se bǎrzo)
• Burmese: please add this translation if you can
• French: tourbillonner (fr)
• German: wirbeln (de)
• Icelandic: hvirfla
• Ido: vorticar (io)
• Italian: turbinare (it), piroettare, roteare
• Maori: kōumuumu, tāwhirowhiro
• Norwegian: virvle, snurre
• Russian: вертеться (ru) (vertetʹsja), кружи́ться (ru) (kružítʹsja)
• Swedish: virvla (sv), snurra (sv)

to make something whirl around

• Bulgarian: завъртам (bg) (zavǎrtam)
• German: wirbeln (de), schnell drehen (de), im Kreise drehen
• Maori: kōumuumu, kōripo, tāwhiuwhiu

Etymology 2

From Middle English whirl, wherwille, whorwhil, wervel, from Old English hwirfel, hwyrfel (“whirlpool”), from Proto-West Germanic *hwirbil, from Proto-Germanic *hwirbilaz, *hwarbilaz (“swirl, whirl, whirlpool”), equivalent to wharve +‎ -el; and also Old Norse hvirfill (“ring, circle, crown”), whence Danish hvirvel (“cowlick”), Dutch werveling (“whirling, vortex”), German Low German Warvel (“whirl, whirlpool”), German Wirbel (“whirl, whirlpool”).

Noun

whirl (plural whirls)

1. An act of whirling.

   She gave the top a whirl and it spun across the floor.

2. Something that whirls.
3. A confused tumult.
4. A rapid series of events.

   My life is one social whirl.

5. Dizziness or giddiness.

   My mind was in a whirl.

6. (informal) (usually following “give”) A brief experiment or trial.

   OK, let's give it a whirl.

Derived terms

• awhirl
• whirligig
• whirlpool

Translations

act of whirling

• Bulgarian: въртене (bg) n (vǎrtene)
• German: Wirbeln (de) n, Wirbel (de) m

confused tumult

• Bulgarian: хаос (bg) m (haos), обърканост (bg) f (obǎrkanost)
• German: Trubel (de) m, Durcheinander (de) n

rapid series of events

• German: Strudel (de) m

dizziness or giddiness

• Bulgarian: шемет (bg) m (šemet)
• German: Taumel m, Gewirbel n, Schwindel (de) m, Durcheinander (de) n

brief experiment or trial

• German: Versuch (de) m, Chance (de) f