wojna
Masurian[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Inherited from Old Polish wojna.
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
wojna f
- war (organized, large-scale, armed conflict between countries or between national, ethnic, or other sizeable groups, usually but not always involving active engagement of military force)
- 1954-1986, Kartoteka Słownika Gwar Ostródzkiego, Warmii i Mazur[2], volume 4362, number Wierzch - Wojna:
- Oni pchali do wojny, oni pchali do walki z Francuzami nad Rurę.
- [Ôni pchali do wojnÿ, ôni pchali do walki z Francuzami nad Rure.]
- They were pushing for war, they were pushing for battle with the French on the Rura.
- war (particular conflict of this kind)
- 2018, Antoine de Saint-Exupéry, translated by Paweł Pogorzelski and Psioter ôt Sziatków (Piotr Szatkowski), Małi Princ [The Little Prince], →ISBN, page 42:
- Azaz nie je wázná ta wojna niedzÿ jegniáckóma i ksiátóma?
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
Old Polish[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *vojьna. First attested in 1255.
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
wojna f (related adjective wojenny or wojeński)
- army; military (group of soldiers)
- 1895 [1448–1450], Franciszek Piekosiński, editor, Tłumaczenia polskie statutów ziemskich, Kodeks Świętosławów, page 21:
- Paknyąly thaczy daley w naszey woynye bandą nalezeny (in nostro exercitu fuerint inventi)..., mayą maani (pro naam) bicz podaany
- [Paknięli tacy dalej w naszej wojnie będą nalezieni (in nostro exercitu fuerint inventi)..., mają nam być podani]
- military excursion
- 1888 [1411], Romuald Hube, editor, Zbiór rot przysiąg sądowych poznańskich, kościańskich, kaliskich, sieradzkich, piotrkowskich i dobrzyszyckich z końca wieku XIV i pierwszych lat wieku XV[3], page 90:
- Iako Laurencius rzeczy tich ne pokradl..., ale gich oth neprzyaczol na woyne nabyl
- [Jako Laurencius rzeczy tych nie pokradł..., ale jich ot nieprzyjacioł na wojnie nabył]
- military service
- Synonym: walka
- 1981 [1398], Henryk Kowalewicz, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, editors, Wielkopolskie roty sądowe XIV-XV wieku, t. V, A. Roty gnieźnieńskie, s. 76-274, number 36:
- Iaco mø mal Mscignew s woyni wibawicz y o tho str[z]aczi mego gimena sa trzy grziwni
- [Jako mię miał Mścigniew z wojny wybawić i o to str[z]aci mego jimienia za trzy grzywny]
- war; battle, fight
- 1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Latin-Polish-German Florian Psalter][4], Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament], pages 143, 1:
- Blogoslawony pan bog moy, gensze vczy røcze moge kv byczv albo na woynø (ad proelium)
- [Błogosławiony Pan, Bog moj, jenże uczy ręce moje ku biciu albo na wojnę (ad proelium)]
- violence
- 1885 [1423], Jan Baudouina de Courtenay, Jan Karłowicz, Antoni Adam Kryńskiego, Malinowski Lucjan, editors, Prace Filologiczne[5], volume VIII, page 17:
- Essze Yan ne pobral Mikolayowi stha drzewa szamopant voyna szylø
- [Eże Jan nie pobrał Mikołajowi sta drzewa samopiąt wojną siłą]
- tribute that peasants were obliged to pay to a lord going to war
- Synonyms: wojenczyzna, wojenne
- 1853 [1255], Antoni Muczkowski, Leon Ryszczewski, editors, Codex diplomaticus Poloniae [Diplomatic code of Poland][6], volume III, page 65:
- Ab omni liberamus exactione... ac militale..., stan, wojna
- Ab omni liberamus exactione... ac militale..., stan, wojna
- corruption of nowina
Related terms[edit]
- wojować impf
Descendants[edit]
References[edit]
- Boryś, Wiesław (2005) “wojna”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie, →ISBN
- B. Sieradzka-Baziur, editor (2011–2015), “wojna”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN
Polish[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Inherited from Old Polish wojna.
Pronunciation[edit]
- IPA(key): /ˈvɔj.na/
- (Middle Polish) IPA(key): /ˈvɔj.na/
Audio (file) - Rhymes: -ɔjna
- Syllabification: woj‧na
Noun[edit]
wojna f (diminutive wojenka, related adjective wojenny) [+ z (instrumental) = with whom], [+ między (instrumental)]/[+ pomiędzy (instrumental) = between whom], [+ o (accusative) = for/over what]
- (uncountable) war (organized, large-scale, armed conflict between countries or between national, ethnic, or other sizeable groups, usually but not always involving active engagement of military force)
- Antonym: pokój
- (countable) war (particular conflict of this kind)
- Antonym: pokój
- (countable, by extension) war (any protracted conflict)
- Synonym: bitwa
- (uncountable, card games) war (any of a family of card games where all cards are dealt at the beginning of play and players attempt to capture them all, typically involving no skill and only serving to kill time)
- (obsolete) military service
- Synonym: służba
Declension[edit]
Derived terms[edit]
- wypowiedzieć wojnę pf, wypowiadać wojnę impf
Related terms[edit]
Trivia[edit]
According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), wojna is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 50 times in scientific texts, 42 times in news, 50 times in essays, 46 times in fiction, and 53 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 240 times, making it the 226th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[1]
References[edit]
Further reading[edit]
- wojna in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- wojna in Polish dictionaries at PWN
- Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “wojna”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
- Paweł Kupiszewski (15.06.2023) “WOJNA”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century]
- Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “wojna”, in Słownik języka polskiego[10]
- Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “wojna”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861[11]
- J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1919), “wojna”, in Słownik języka polskiego[12] (in Polish), volume 7, Warsaw, page 681
- wojna in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego
Silesian[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Inherited from Old Polish wojna.
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
wojna f (diminutive wojynka, related adjective wojynny)
- (uncountable) war (organized, large-scale, armed conflict between countries or between national, ethnic, or other sizeable groups, usually but not always involving active engagement of military force)
- (countable) war (particular conflict of this kind)
- (countable) war (particular conflict of this kind)
Declension[edit]
Further reading[edit]
- wojna in silling.org
- Masurian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Masurian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Masurian terms inherited from Old Polish
- Masurian terms derived from Old Polish
- Masurian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Masurian lemmas
- Masurian nouns
- Masurian feminine nouns
- Masurian terms with quotations
- zlw-mas:Violence
- zlw-mas:War
- Old Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Old Polish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Old Polish lemmas
- Old Polish nouns
- Old Polish feminine nouns
- Old Polish terms with quotations
- zlw-opl:Violence
- zlw-opl:War
- Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Polish terms inherited from Old Polish
- Polish terms derived from Old Polish
- Polish 2-syllable words
- Polish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Polish terms with audio links
- Rhymes:Polish/ɔjna
- Rhymes:Polish/ɔjna/2 syllables
- Polish lemmas
- Polish nouns
- Polish feminine nouns
- Polish uncountable nouns
- Polish countable nouns
- pl:Card games
- Polish terms with obsolete senses
- pl:War
- Silesian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Silesian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Silesian terms inherited from Old Polish
- Silesian terms derived from Old Polish
- Silesian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Silesian/ɔjna
- Rhymes:Silesian/ɔjna/2 syllables
- Silesian lemmas
- Silesian nouns
- Silesian feminine nouns
- Silesian uncountable nouns
- Silesian countable nouns
- szl:War