س

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See also: ش, س࣪, and س-

س U+0633, س
ARABIC LETTER SEEN
ز
[U+0632]
Arabic ش
[U+0634]
U+FEB1, ﺱ
ARABIC LETTER SEEN ISOLATED FORM

[U+FEB0]
Arabic Presentation Forms-B
[U+FEB2]
U+FEB2, ﺲ
ARABIC LETTER SEEN FINAL FORM

[U+FEB1]
Arabic Presentation Forms-B
[U+FEB3]
U+FEB3, ﺳ
ARABIC LETTER SEEN INITIAL FORM

[U+FEB2]
Arabic Presentation Forms-B
[U+FEB4]
U+FEB4, ﺴ
ARABIC LETTER SEEN MEDIAL FORM

[U+FEB3]
Arabic Presentation Forms-B
[U+FEB5]

Arabic[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

From Nabataean 𐢝 (š), from Classical Syriac ܫ (š), from Aramaic ש (š), from Imperial Aramaic 𐡔 (š), from the Egyptian 𓌒.

Further information

This letter stood for /ʃ/ in Aramaic. 𐢖 was not adopted into the Arabic alphabet because of the following considerations:

Proto-Semitic has three fricatives that became sibilants in descendant languages: ś, š, s. In Arabic ś gave /ʃ/, but š and s merged to /s/. In Old Aramaic all three sibilants were distinguished, and s was represented by 𐢖 / ס / 𐡎 while 𐢝 / ש / 𐡔 represented both ś and š. This orthography persisted in later Aramaic even to the time of the Nabataeans, when the pronunciation of ś merged with that of s /s/.

So when a scribe wanted to write the Arabic sound /ʃ/ from ś, he did so by using 𐢝 / س purposefully in order to stick to a letter form that looks the same in the cognate Aramaic words. But when he wanted to write an Arabic sound /s/ from Proto-Semitic š, he would defy the Aramaic spelling for this Proto-Semitic phoneme were he to represent this Arabic phoneme by the sign 𐢖 / ס / 𐡎, whereas Arabic-Aramaic word pairs with the Proto-Semitic s are – somewhat by coincidence – rare and there was hence only negligible pressure to employ 𐢖 / ܣ / ס / 𐡎, in total. So the impression was that 𐢝 / ש / 𐡔 / س is the most typical sign to write /s/ while the other possible sign fell out of use.

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

س / س‍ / ‍س‍ / ‍س (sīn)

  1. The twelfth letter of the Arabic alphabet. It is preceded by ز (z) and followed by ش (š).
  2. x, unknown mathematical variable

Symbol[edit]

س / س‍ / ‍س‍ / ‍س (sīn)

  1. The fifteenth letter in traditional abjad order, which is used in place of numerals for list numbering (abjad numerals). It is preceded by ن (n) and followed by ع (ʕ).

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  • Diem, Werner (1980), “Untersuchungen zur frühen Geschichte der arabischen Orthographie: II. Die Schreibung der Konsonanten”, in Orientalia (in German), volume 49, issue 1, →DOI, pages 77–81

Etymology 2[edit]

Shortened form of سَوْفَ (sawfa).

Particle[edit]

سَـ (sa-)

  1. will (prefix indicating the future tense)
    يَقْرَأُ كِتَابًا، سَيَقْرَأُ كِتَابًا
    yaqraʔu kitāban, sayaqraʔu kitāban
    He is reading a book, he will read a book.
Synonyms[edit]

Balti[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

س (transliteration needed)

  1. The twenty-fourth letter of the Balti alphabet, written in the Perso-Arabic script

Burushaski[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

س (transliteration needed)

  1. The twenty-third letter of the Burushaski alphabet, written in the Perso-Arabic script

Chinese[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

س

  1. The sixteenth letter of the Xiao'erjing abjad.

Usage notes[edit]

  • This letter is also used to represent Pinyin initials s- and sh-.

Kashmiri[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

س (s)

  1. The twenty-third letter of the traditional alphabet chart of Kashmiri.

Forms[edit]

Isolated form Final form Medial form Initial form
س ـس ـسـ سـ

See also[edit]

  • Previous letter: ژھ (ċh)
  • Next letter: ش (ś)

Kazakh[edit]

Alternative scripts
Arabic س
Cyrillic С, с
Latin S, s
Yañalif S, s

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

س (s)

  1. The eleventh letter of the Kazakh in Arabic Script. It represents the Cyrillic letter С.

Forms[edit]

Isolated form Final form Medial form Initial form
س ـس ـسـ سـ

See also[edit]

Khowar[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

س (sīn)

  1. The twenty-third letter of the Khowar abjad.

Forms[edit]

Isolated form Final form Medial form Initial form
س ـس ـسـ سـ

See also[edit]

  • Previous letter: ݱ
  • Next letter: ش

Malay[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Malay Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ms

Pronunciation[edit]

  • (Name of letter, Johor-Selangor) IPA(key): [sen]
  • (Phoneme) IPA(key): [s]

Letter[edit]

س / س‍ / ‍س‍ / ‍س

  1. The thirteenth letter of the Malay alphabet, written in the Arabic script.
See also[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

Malay cardinal numbers
 <  ٠ ١ ٢  > 
    Cardinal : س

Shortened form of اسا, from Proto-Malayic *əsa, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *əsa, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *əsa, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *əsa, from Proto-Austronesian *əsa.

Alternative forms[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Numeral[edit]

س (Rumi spelling se)

  1. one
Synonyms[edit]
Derived terms[edit]

Pashto[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

س (sin)

  1. The twenty-first letter of the Pashto alphabet.

Forms[edit]

Isolated form Final form Medial form Initial form
س ـس ـسـ سـ

See also[edit]

  • Previous letter: ږ
  • Next letter: ش

Persian[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

 

Readings
Classical reading? sīn
Dari reading? sīn
Iranian reading? sin
Tajik reading? sin
  • (file)

Letter[edit]

ﺱ / ﺳ‍ / ﺴ / ‍ﺲ (sin)

  1. The fifteenth letter of the Perso-Arabic alphabet. It is preceded by ژ and followed by ش. Its name is سین.

Punjabi[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

  • (letter name): IPA(key): /siːn̪/
  • (phoneme): IPA(key): /sᵊ/

Letter[edit]

س (sīn)

  1. The eighteenth letter of Punjabi in the Shahmukhi script.

Forms[edit]

Isolated form Final form Medial form Initial form
س ـس ـسـ سـ

See also[edit]

  • Previous letter: ژ (žē)
  • Next letter: ش (šīn)

Sindhi[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

س (sīn)

  1. The twenty-ninth letter of the Sindhi abjad.

Forms[edit]

Isolated form Final form Medial form Initial form
س ـس ـسـ سـ

See also[edit]

  • Previous letter: ز
  • Next letter: ش

Urdu[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

س (sīn)

  1. The eighteenth letter of the Urdu abjad.

Forms[edit]

Isolated form Final form Medial form Initial form
س ـس ـسـ سـ

See also[edit]

  • Previous letter: ژ (ź)
  • Next letter: ش (ś)

Uyghur[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

س (se)

  1. The thirteenth letter of the Uyghur alphabet.

Forms[edit]

Isolated form Final form Medial form Initial form
س ـس ـسـ سـ

See also[edit]

  • Previous letter: ژ (zh)
  • Next letter: ش (sh)

Yoruba[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

س (s)

  1. The twentieth letter of the Yoruba alphabet in the ajami script, equivalent to Latin script s.

Forms[edit]

Isolated form Final form Medial form Initial form
س ـس ـسـ سـ

See also[edit]

  • Previous letter: ر
  • Next letter: ش