fungar

Galician

Etymology

Attested since 1746. Probably onomatopoeic; alternatively from Vulgar Latin *fumicare, from fūmus (“steam”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /fuŋˈɡaɾ/, (western) /fuŋˈkaɾ/

Verb

fungar (first-person singular present fungo, first-person singular preterite funguei, past participle fungado)

1. (intransitive) to snivel (to breathe heavily)
   • 1775, María Francisca Isla y Losada, Romance:

     Tamen bay ese tabeque
     meu velliño, pois fungàs
     que cada grao de èl gorenta,
     con eso as fremas sairàn.

     Also there it goes this tobacco,
     my little old man, since you snivel:
     each grain of it is delectable,
     with this phlegms will go out.

2. (intransitive) to smell, to sniff (to detect a scent)
3. (intransitive) to expel air through the nose
4. (intransitive) to speak nasally

   Synonym: narnexar

5. (intransitive) to hum
   • 1883, Manuel Lago, Obra:

     Ai! Cando funguen os ventos nas polas do castañal xa non ruxirán as armas qu'alí tiñan nosos pais...! Donde fixemos fogueiras os carrascos nacerán, e no dolmen en qu'ibamos de noite a sacrificar, criaránse herbas e toxos i os mouchos aniñarán... Cobrirán silvas i hadreiras as pedras do noso lar, e sobr'as mámoas dos mortos xente allea pasará

     Woe! When the winds hum in the chestnut branches no longer will roar our father's arms there! Where we lighted bonfires, oaks will grow, and at the dolmen where we made our sacrifices at night, weeds and gorses will grow and the owl will make nest... Brambles and ivies will cover the stones of our home, and over the barrows of the dead, alien people will walk

6. (intransitive) to whimper
7. (intransitive) to grumble
8. (transitive, takes a reflexive pronoun) to blow one's nose

Conjugation

    Conjugation of fungar (g-gu alternation)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti)	Third-person (el / ela / Vde.)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / Vdes.)
Infinitive
Impersonal	fungar
Personal	fungar	fungares	fungar	fungarmos	fungardes	fungaren
Gerund
	fungando
Past participle
Masculine	fungado			fungados
Feminine	fungada			fungadas
Indicative
Present	fungo	fungas	funga	fungamos	fungades	fungan
Imperfect	fungaba	fungabas	fungaba	fungabamos	fungabades	fungaban
Preterite	funguei	fungaches	fungou	fungamos	fungastes	fungaron
Pluperfect	fungara	fungaras	fungara	fungaramos	fungarades	fungaran
Future	fungarei	fungarás	fungará	fungaremos	fungaredes	fungarán
Conditional	fungaría	fungarías	fungaría	fungariamos	fungariades	fungarían
Subjunctive
Present	fungue	fungues	fungue	funguemos	funguedes	funguen
Imperfect	fungase	fungases	fungase	fungásemos	fungásedes	fungasen
Future	fungar	fungares	fungar	fungarmos	fungardes	fungaren
Imperative
Affirmative		funga	fungue	funguemos	fungade	funguen
Negative (non)		non fungues	non fungue	non funguemos	non funguedes	non funguen

    Reintegrated conjugation of fungar (g-gu alternation) (See Appendix:Reintegrationism)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti / tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	fungar
Personal	fungar	fungares	fungar	fungarmos	fungardes	fungarem
Gerund
	fungando
Past participle
Masculine	fungado			fungados
Feminine	fungada			fungadas
Indicative
Present	fungo	fungas	funga	fungamos	fungades, fungais	fungam
Imperfect	fungava	fungavas	fungava	fungávamos	fungávades, fungáveis, fungávais1	fungavam
Preterite	funguei	fungaste, fungache1	fungou	fungamos	fungastes	fungárom, fungaram
Pluperfect	fungara	fungaras	fungara	fungáramos	fungárades, fungáreis, fungárais1	fungaram
Future	fungarei	fungarás	fungará	fungaremos	fungaredes, fungareis	fungarám, fungarão
Conditional	fungaria	fungarias	fungaria	fungaríamos	fungaríades, fungaríeis, fungaríais1	fungariam
Subjunctive
Present	fungue	fungues	fungue	funguemos	funguedes, fungueis	funguem
Imperfect	fungasse	fungasses	fungasse	fungássemos	fungássedes, fungásseis	fungassem
Future	fungar	fungares	fungar	fungarmos	fungardes	fungarem
Imperative
Affirmative		funga	fungue	funguemos	fungade, fungai	funguem
Negative (nom)		nom fungues	nom fungue	nom funguemos	nom funguedes, nom fungueis	nom funguem

¹Less recommended.

Derived terms

• refungar

References

• “fungar” in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega, Royal Galician Academy.
• “fungar” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
• “fungar” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
• “fungar” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.

Latin

Verb

fungar

1. first-person singular future active indicative of fungor

Portuguese

Etymology

Possibly Onomatopoeic.

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /fũˈɡa(ʁ)/ [fũˈɡa(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /fũˈɡa(ʁ)/ [fũˈɡa(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /fũˈɡa(ɾ)/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /fũˈɡa(ʁ)/ [fũˈɡa(χ)]
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /fũˈɡa(ɻ)/

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /fũˈɡaɾ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /fũˈɡaɾ/
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /fũˈɡa.ɾi/

Verb

fungar (first-person singular present fungo, first-person singular preterite funguei, past participle fungado)

1. (intransitive) to snivel (to breathe heavily)

   Você estava a fungar de raiva.

   You were breathing heavily because of your anger.

2. (intransitive) to sigh (to express frustration by exhaling audibly)

   Synonym: suspirar

3. (colloquial, transitive) to smell; to sniff (to detect a scent)

   Synonyms: farejar, cheirar, sentir cheiro de

4. (intransitive) to whimper (to cry or sob softly and intermittently)

   Synonym: choramingar

Conjugation

    Conjugation of fungar (g-gu alternation) (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	fungar
Personal	fungar	fungares	fungar	fungarmos	fungardes	fungarem
Gerund
	fungando
Past participle
Masculine	fungado			fungados
Feminine	fungada			fungadas
Indicative
Present	fungo	fungas	funga	fungamos	fungais	fungam
Imperfect	fungava	fungavas	fungava	fungávamos	fungáveis	fungavam
Preterite	funguei	fungaste	fungou	fungamos1, fungámos2	fungastes	fungaram
Pluperfect	fungara	fungaras	fungara	fungáramos	fungáreis	fungaram
Future	fungarei	fungarás	fungará	fungaremos	fungareis	fungarão
Conditional	fungaria	fungarias	fungaria	fungaríamos	fungaríeis	fungariam
Subjunctive
Present	fungue	fungues	fungue	funguemos	fungueis	funguem
Imperfect	fungasse	fungasses	fungasse	fungássemos	fungásseis	fungassem
Future	fungar	fungares	fungar	fungarmos	fungardes	fungarem
Imperative
Affirmative		funga	fungue	funguemos	fungai	funguem
Negative (não)		não fungues	não fungue	não funguemos	não fungueis	não funguem

¹Brazilian Portuguese.
²European Portuguese.

References

• “fungar” in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa.
• “fungar” in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa. Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2024.
• “fungar” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.