παύω
Ancient Greek
Etymology
Disputed. Some sources trace the word back to Proto-Indo-European *peh₂w-, in which case it would be cognate with Old Armenian հաւ (haw, “beginning”), but Beekes says there are Lua error in Module:parameters at line 290: Parameter 2 should be a valid language, etymology language or family code; the value "pregrc" is not valid. See WT:LOL, WT:LOL/E and WT:LOF. cognates outside of Greek.
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /pǎu̯.ɔː/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈpa.wo/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈpa.βo/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈpa.vo/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈpa.vo/
Verb
παύω • (paúō)
- to make to cease
- (intransitive, in imperative) cease, leave off
- 7th–6th centuries BC, Homeric Hymn to Demeter 351
- Comica Adespota 601
- Theopompus Comicus, Collected Works 62
- Philetaerus Comicus, Collected Works 6
Inflection
Present: παύω, παύομαι
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | παύω | παύεις | παύει | παύετον | παύετον | παύομεν | παύετε | παύουσῐ(ν) | ||||
subjunctive | παύω | παύῃς | παύῃ | παύητον | παύητον | παύωμεν | παύητε | παύωσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | παύοιμῐ | παύοις | παύοι | παύοιτον | παυοίτην | παύοιμεν | παύοιτε | παύοιεν | |||||
imperative | παῦε | παυέτω | παύετον | παυέτων | παύετε | παυόντων | |||||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | παύομαι | παύῃ, παύει |
παύεται | παύεσθον | παύεσθον | παυόμεθᾰ | παύεσθε | παύονται | ||||
subjunctive | παύωμαι | παύῃ | παύηται | παύησθον | παύησθον | παυώμεθᾰ | παύησθε | παύωνται | |||||
optative | παυοίμην | παύοιο | παύοιτο | παύοισθον | παυοίσθην | παυοίμεθᾰ | παύοισθε | παύοιντο | |||||
imperative | παύου | παυέσθω | παύεσθον | παυέσθων | παύεσθε | παυέσθων | |||||||
active | middle/passive | ||||||||||||
infinitive | παύειν | παύεσθαι | |||||||||||
participle | m | παύων | παυόμενος | ||||||||||
f | παύουσᾰ | παυομένη | |||||||||||
n | παῦον | παυόμενον | |||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἔπαυον | ἔπαυες | ἔπαυε(ν) | ἐπαύετον | ἐπαυέτην | ἐπαύομεν | ἐπαύετε | ἔπαυον | ||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | ἐπαυόμην | ἐπαύου | ἐπαύετο | ἐπαύεσθον | ἐπαυέσθην | ἐπαυόμεθᾰ | ἐπαύεσθε | ἐπαύοντο | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | παύεσκον | παύεσκες | παύεσκε(ν) | παυέσκετον | παυεσκέτην | παυέσκομεν | παυέσκετε | παύεσκον | ||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | παυεσκόμην | παυέσκου | παυέσκετο | παυέσκεσθον | παυεσκέσθην | παυεσκόμεθᾰ | παυέσκεσθε | παυέσκοντο | ||||
Notes: | Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Future: παυθήσομαι
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
passive | indicative | παυθήσομαι | παυθήσῃ | παυθήσεται | παυθήσεσθον | παυθήσεσθον | παυθησόμεθᾰ | παυθήσεσθε | παυθήσονται | ||||
optative | παυθησοίμην | παυθήσοιο | παυθήσοιτο | παυθήσοισθον | παυθησοίσθην | παυθησοίμεθᾰ | παυθήσοισθε | παυθήσοιντο | |||||
passive | |||||||||||||
infinitive | παυθήσεσθαι | ||||||||||||
participle | m | παυθησόμενος | |||||||||||
f | παυθησομένη | ||||||||||||
n | παυθησόμενον | ||||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Aorist: ἐπαύθην
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
passive | indicative | ἐπαύθην | ἐπαύθης | ἐπαύθη | ἐπαύθητον | ἐπαυθήτην | ἐπαύθημεν | ἐπαύθητε | ἐπαύθησᾰν | ||||
subjunctive | παυθῶ | παυθῇς | παυθῇ | παυθῆτον | παυθῆτον | παυθῶμεν | παυθῆτε | παυθῶσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | παυθείην | παυθείης | παυθείη | παυθεῖτον, παυθείητον |
παυθείτην, παυθειήτην |
παυθεῖμεν, παυθείημεν |
παυθεῖτε, παυθείητε |
παυθεῖεν, παυθείησᾰν | |||||
imperative | παύθητῐ | παυθήτω | παύθητον | παυθήτων | παύθητε | παυθέντων | |||||||
passive | |||||||||||||
infinitive | παυθῆναι | ||||||||||||
participle | m | παυθείς | |||||||||||
f | παυθεῖσᾰ | ||||||||||||
n | παυθέν | ||||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Pluperfect: ἐπεπαύκειν, ἐπεπαύμην
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἐπεπαύκειν, ἐπεπαύκη |
ἐπεπαύκεις, ἐπεπαύκης |
ἐπεπαύκει(ν) | ἐπεπαύκετον | ἐπεπαυκέτην | ἐπεπαύκεμεν | ἐπεπαύκετε | ἐπεπαύκεσᾰν | ||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | ἐπεπαύμην | ἐπέπαυσο | ἐπέπαυτο | ἐπέπαυσθον | ἐπεπαύσθην | ἐπεπαύμεθᾰ | ἐπέπαυσθε | ἐπέπαυντο | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Derived terms
- παῦσῐς (paûsis)
References
- “παύω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “παύω”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “παύω”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- παύω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- παύω in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- “παύω”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
- παύω in Trapp, Erich, et al. (1994–2007) Lexikon zur byzantinischen Gräzität besonders des 9.-12. Jahrhunderts [the Lexicon of Byzantine Hellenism, Particularly the 9th–12th Centuries], Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
- G3973 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
- Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
Greek
Etymology
Inherited from Ancient Greek παύω (paúō).
Pronunciation
Verb
παύω • (pávo) (past έπαψα/έπαυσα, passive παύομαι)
- stop, cease
- έπαψα να πηγαίνω ― épapsa na pigaíno ― I stopped going
- pause
- depose, relieve of duties
- Ο πρωθυπουργός έπαυσε τον υπουργό. ― O prothypourgós épafse ton ypourgó. ― The prime minister was removed from office.
Conjugation
παύω παύομαι
Active voice ➤ | Passive voice ➤ | |||
Indicative mood ➤ | Imperfective aspect ➤ | Perfective aspect ➤ | Imperfective aspect | Perfective aspect |
Non-past tenses ➤ | Present ➤ | Dependent ➤ | Present | Dependent |
1 sg | παύω | πάψω, παύσω | παύομαι | παυτώ, παυθώ |
2 sg | παύεις | πάψεις, παύσεις | παύεσαι | παυτείς, παυθείς |
3 sg | παύει | πάψει, παύσει | παύεται | παυτεί, παυθεί |
1 pl | παύουμε, [‑ομε] | πάψουμε, [‑ομε], παύσουμε, [‑ομε] | παυόμαστε | παυτούμε, παυθούμε |
2 pl | παύετε | πάψετε, παύσετε | παύεστε, παυόσαστε | παυτείτε, παυθείτε |
3 pl | παύουν(ε) | πάψουν(ε), παύσουν(ε) | παύονται | παυτούν(ε), παυθούν(ε) |
Past tenses ➤ | Imperfect ➤ | Simple past ➤ | Imperfect | Simple past |
1 sg | έπαυα | έπαψα, έπαυσα | παυόμουν(α) | παύτηκα, παύθηκα |
2 sg | έπαυες | έπαψες, έπαυσες | παυόσουν(α) | παύτηκες, παύθηκες |
3 sg | έπαυε | έπαψε, έπαυσε | παυόταν(ε) | παύτηκε, παύθηκε |
1 pl | παύαμε | πάψαμε, παύσαμε | παυόμασταν, (‑όμαστε) | παυτήκαμε, παυθήκαμε |
2 pl | παύατε | πάψατε, παύσατε | παυόσασταν, (‑όσαστε) | παυτήκατε, παυθήκατε |
3 pl | έπαυαν, παύαν(ε) | έπαψαν, πάψαν(ε), έπαυσαν | παύονταν, (παυόντουσαν) | παύτηκαν, παυτήκαν(ε), παύθηκαν, παυθήκαν(ε) |
Future tenses ➤ | Continuous ➤ | Simple ➤ | Continuous | Simple |
1 sg | θα παύω ➤ | θα πάψω / παύσω ➤ | θα παύομαι ➤ | θα παυτώ / παυθώ ➤ |
2,3 sg, 1,2,3 pl | θα παύεις, … | θα πάψεις / παύσεις, … | θα παύεσαι, … | θα παυτείς / παυθείς, … |
Perfect aspect ➤ | Perfect aspect | |||
Present perfect ➤ | έχω, έχεις, … πάψει / παύσει | έχω, έχεις, … παυτεί / παυθεί είμαι, είσαι, … παυμένος, ‑η, ‑ο ➤ | ||
Past perfect ➤ | είχα, είχες, … πάψει / παύσει | είχα, είχες, … παυτεί / παυθεί ήμουν, ήσουν, … παυμένος, ‑η, ‑ο | ||
Future perfect ➤ | θα έχω, θα έχεις, … πάψει / παύσει | θα έχω, θα έχεις, … παυτεί / παυθεί θα είμαι, θα είσαι, … παυμένος, ‑η, ‑ο | ||
Subjunctive mood ➤ | Formed using present, dependent (for simple past) or present perfect from above with a particle (να, ας). | |||
Imperative mood ➤ | Imperfective aspect | Perfective aspect | Imperfective aspect | Perfective aspect |
2 sg | παύε | πάψε / παύ' 1, παύσε | — | πάψου, παύσου |
2 pl | παύετε | πάψτε / παύτε2, παύστε | παύεστε | παυτείτε, παυθείτε |
Other forms | Active voice | Passive voice | ||
Present participle➤ | παύοντας ➤ | — | ||
Perfect participle➤ | έχοντας πάψει / παύσει ➤ | παυμένος, ‑η, ‑ο ➤ | ||
Nonfinite form➤ | πάψει, παύσει | παυτεί, παυθεί | ||
Notes Appendix:Greek verbs |
1. Colloquial apocopic perfective imperative + accusative of article & noun or weak pronouns e.g. παύ' τον ("depose him!"). 2. Colloquial. • The active -αυσ- and the passive -αυθ- types are more formal. • (…) optional or informal. […] rare. {…} learned, archaic. • Multiple forms are shown in order of reducing frequency. • Periphrastic imperative forms may be produced using the subjunctive. | |||
Related terms
- ακατάπαυστος (akatápafstos, “unceasing”)
- αναπαύω (anapávo, “rest, relax”) & related
- άπαυτος (ápaftos, “unceasing”)
- επαναπαύω (epanapávo)
- καταπαύω (katapávo, “cease”)
- παύση f (páfsi, “pause; ceasing”) & compounds
- παυσίλυπος (pafsílypos, “ending sorrow”)
- παυσίπονο n (pafsípono, “painkiller”)
Categories:
- Ancient Greek terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Ancient Greek 2-syllable words
- Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ancient Greek lemmas
- Ancient Greek verbs
- Ancient Greek paroxytone terms
- Ancient Greek intransitive verbs
- Greek terms inherited from Ancient Greek
- Greek terms derived from Ancient Greek
- Greek terms with IPA pronunciation
- Greek lemmas
- Greek verbs
- Greek terms with usage examples
- Greek verb conjugation group '-εύω combinations'