σάκκος

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Ancient Greek

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Most likely borrowed from Semitic, possibly from Phoenician. Compare Hebrew שַׂק, Imperial Aramaic 𐡔𐡒 (šq), Talmudic Aramaic סַקָּא, Classical Syriac ܣܩܐ, Ge'ez ሠቅ (śäḳ), Akkadian 𒆭𒊓 (/⁠šaqqu⁠/), Egyptian sꜣgꜣ. The word is a widely-borrowed Mediterranean Kulturwort.[1]

Černý and Forbes suggest the word was originally Egyptian, a nominal derivative of sꜣq (to gather or put together) that also yielded Coptic ⲥⲟⲕ (sok, sackcloth) and was borrowed into Greek perhaps by way of a Semitic intermediary. However, Vycichl and Hoch reject this idea, noting that such an originally Egyptian word would be expected to yield Hebrew *סַק rather than שַׂק. Instead, they posit that the Coptic and Greek words are both borrowed from Semitic, with the Coptic word perhaps developing via Egyptian sꜣgꜣ.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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σᾰ́κκος (sákkosm (genitive σᾰ́κκου); second declension

  1. coarse cloth of hair, especially of goat's hair
  2. anything made of coarse cloth:
    1. sack, bag
      Synonym: σᾰ́κτᾱς (sáktās)
    2. sieve, strainer
    3. coarse garment, sackcloth, worn as mourning by the Jews
    4. (Christianity) sackcloth vestment, penitential garb
  3. coarse beard
This entry needs quotations to illustrate usage. If you come across any interesting, durably archived quotes then please add them!

Inflection

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Derived terms

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Descendants

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References

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  1. ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “σάκκος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1302

Further reading

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