пред

See also: пред- and пред.

Bulgarian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *perdъ. Equivalent to пре (pre, “afore”) (obsolete) +‎ -д (-d).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [prɛt]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Syllabification^(key): пред
• Rhymes: -ɛt

Preposition

пред • (pred)

1. in front of, before

   ку́чето е пред кути́ята

   kúčeto e pred kutíjata

   the dog is in front of the box

References

• “пред”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
• “пред”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010

Macedonian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *perdъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [prɛt]
• Rhymes: -ɛt

Preposition

пред • (pred)

1. before

   Пред смртта на мајка ти, живеевме на село.

   Pred smrtta na majka ti, živeevme na selo.

   Before your mother's death, we lived in the countryside.

2. ago

   Се вселивме пред две години.

   Se vselivme pred dve godini.

   We moved in two years ago.

3. in front of

   Има камион пред влезот од гаражата.

   Ima kamion pred vlezot od garažata.

   There is a truck in front of the entrance to the garage.

Pannonian Rusyn

Alternative forms

• предо (predo) — before мнє (mnje), мну (mnu)

Etymology

Inherited from Old Slovak pred, from Proto-Slavic *perdъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈprɛt]
• Rhymes: -ɛt
• Hyphenation: пред
• Homophone: пред- (pred-)

Preposition

пред (pred)

1. in front of, before (with the direction of action) [with accusative]

   Synonym: опрез (oprez)

   ишол предо мнє ― išol predo mnje ― he walked in front of me

2. in front of, before, ahead of (indicates position) [with instrumental]

   Synonym: опрез (oprez)

   стал предо мну ― stal predo mnu ― he stood in front of me

3. in front of, in the presence of [with instrumental]

   гварел му то пред шицкима

   hvarel mu to pred šickima

   he told him this in front of everyone

4. before, ahead of, prior to (earlier than in time) [with instrumental]

   Antonyms: по (po), после (posle)

   пред Крачуном ― pred Kračunom ― before Christmas

   дзень пред Новим роком

   dzenʹ pred Novim rokom

   New Year's Eve

   (literally, “day before the New Year”)

5. ago [with instrumental]

   пред трицец роками ― pred tricec rokami ― thirty years ago

6. in front of [with genitive ‘someone's place’]

   пред Дудаша ― pred Dudaša ― in front of Dudaš's place

Related terms

prepositions

• спред (spred)

References

• Medʹeši, H.; Fejsa, M.; Timko-Djitko, O. (2010), “пред”, in Ramač, Ju., editor, Руско-сербски словнїк [Rusyn-Serbian Dictionary] (in Pannonian Rusyn), Novi Sad: Faculty of Philosophy, page 677
• Fejsa, M.; Šlemender, M.; Čelʹovski, S. (2022), “ago”, in Анґлийско-руски словнїк [English-Rusyn Dictionary] (in Pannonian Rusyn), Novi Sad: Faculty of Philosophy; Ruska matka, →ISBN, page 20
• Fejsa, M.; Šlemender, M.; Čelʹovski, S. (2022), “before”, in Анґлийско-руски словнїк [English-Rusyn Dictionary] (in Pannonian Rusyn), Novi Sad: Faculty of Philosophy; Ruska matka, →ISBN, page 36
• Fejsa, M.; Šlemender, M.; Čelʹovski, S. (2022), “prior”, in Анґлийско-руски словнїк [English-Rusyn Dictionary] (in Pannonian Rusyn), Novi Sad: Faculty of Philosophy; Ruska matka, →ISBN, page 224

Russian

Alternative forms

• пре́до (prédo) — before awkward consonant clusters

Etymology

Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic прѣдъ (prědŭ). Doublet of пе́ред (péred), the inherited East Slavic form.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [prʲɪt]

• Audio:

  (file)

Preposition

пред • (pred) [with instrumental]

1. (archaic, literary) in front of, before

   Synonym: пе́ред (péred)

See also

• пред- (pred-)

References

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “пред”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress

Serbo-Croatian

Alternative forms

• пре̏да

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *perdъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /prêd/

Preposition

пре̏д (Latin spelling prȅd)

1. in front of, to the front of (with change of position, answering the question ку̀да) [with accusative]

   C(ј)едни преда ме. ― Sit in front of me.

2. just before, shortly before (of occurrence, answering the question ка̏д) [with accusative]

   пред рат ― just before the war

3. before, in front of (without change of position, answering the question гдје̏/где̏) [with instrumental]

   С(ј)едим пред кућом. ― I'm sitting in front of the house.

4. (figuratively) (+ instrumental case) in face of, facing

Usage notes

The alternative form пре̏да occurs before the enclitic forms of the personal pronoun:

пре̏да ме

пре̏да те

пре̏да се

пре̏да њ

пре̏да мно̄м