шоколад
Bulgarian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Derived from Classical Nahuatl chocolātl.
Pronunciation
[edit]- IPA(key): [ʃo̟koˈɫat]
Audio (Standard Bulgarian, l-vocalization): (file) - Rhymes: -at
- Syllabification(key): шо‧ко‧лад
Noun
[edit]шокола́д • (šokolád) m (relational adjective шокола́ден or шокола́дов, diminutive шокола́дче)
- (uncountable) chocolate (a food made from ground roasted cocoa beans)
- (countable) chocolate (bars or candies made from such a mixture)
- мле́чен шокола́д
- mléčen šokolád
- milk chocolate
Declension
[edit]| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| indefinite | шокола́д šokolád |
шокола́ди šokoládi |
| definite (subject form) |
шокола́дът šokoládăt |
шокола́дите šokoládite |
| definite (object form) |
шокола́да šokoláda | |
| count form | — | шокола́да šokoláda |
References
[edit]- “шоколад”, in БЕРОН (Български езикови ресурси онлайн) [BERON (Bulgarian Language Resources Online)] (in Bulgarian), Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2024
- “шоколад”, in Infolex Bulgarian Dictionary (in Bulgarian), Institute for Bulgarian Language, 2014
- “шоколад”, in ЛексИт [LexIt] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
- “шоколад”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
- “шоколад”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010
Further reading
[edit]- I. Gaberoff and authors (2002), “шоколад”, in Rečnik na čuždite dumi v bǎlgarskija ezik s priloženija [Речник на чуждите думи в българския език с приложения] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Gaberoff Publ. House
Chuvash
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Russian шоколад (šokolad, “chocolate”).
Noun
[edit]шоколад • (šok̬olad) (3rd person possessive [please provide], plural шоколадсем)
Further reading
[edit]- “шоколад”, in Электронлӑ сӑмахсар [Ɛlektronlă s̬ămaxsar][1] (overall work in Russian and Chuvash), 1996.
East Circassian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Russian шокола́д (shokolád) in the Caucasus, and from Arabic شوكولاتة (shūkūlāta) in the diaspora, ultimately from Classical Nahuatl chocolātl. Also see West Circassian шоколад (šokʷolad).
Noun
[edit]шоколад • (šokʷolad)
Synonyms
[edit]- чиколатэ (čikʷolatɛ)
Kazakh
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Russian шокола́д (šokolád), from German Schokolade, from Dutch chocolade, from Spanish chocolate, from Classical Nahuatl chocolātl, of uncertain origin; see that entry for more information.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]шоколад • (šokolad)
Declension
[edit]| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | шоколад (šokolad) | шоколадтар (šokoladtar) |
| genitive | шоколадтың (šokoladtıŋ) | шоколадтардың (šokoladtardıŋ) |
| dative | шоколадқа (šokoladqa) | шоколадтарға (šokoladtarğa) |
| accusative | шоколадты (šokoladtı) | шоколадтарды (šokoladtardı) |
| locative | шоколадта (šokoladta) | шоколадтарда (šokoladtarda) |
| ablative | шоколадтан (šokoladtan) | шоколадтардан (šokoladtardan) |
| instrumental | шоколадпен (šokoladpen) | шоколадтармен (šokoladtarmen) |
| similative | шоколадтай (šokoladtay) | шоколадтардай (šokoladtarday) |
Komi-Zyrian
[edit]
Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Russian шоколад (šokolad).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]шоколад • (šokolad)
- chocolate
- 1963, Korney Chukovsky, translated by Y. Samarin, Телефон [The Telephone], page 3:
- — Мый могӧн?
— Шоколад колӧ.- — Myj mogön?
— Šokolad kolö. - — What's the business?
— Chocolate is needed.
- — Myj mogön?
Declension
[edit]| singular | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | шоколад (šokolad) | шоколадъяс (šokoladjas) | |
| accusative | I 1 | шоколад (šokolad) | шоколадъяс (šokoladjas) |
| II 1 | шоколадӧс (šokoladös) | шоколадъясӧс (šokoladjasös) | |
| instrumental | шоколадӧн (šokoladön) | шоколадъясӧн (šokoladjasön) | |
| comitative | шоколадкӧд (šokoladköd) | шоколадъяскӧд (šokoladjasköd) | |
| caritive | шоколадтӧг (šokoladtög) | шоколадъястӧг (šokoladjastög) | |
| consecutive | шоколадла (šokoladla) | шоколадъясла (šokoladjasla) | |
| genitive | шоколадлӧн (šokoladlön) | шоколадъяслӧн (šokoladjaslön) | |
| ablative | шоколадлысь (šokoladlyś) | шоколадъяслысь (šokoladjaslyś) | |
| dative | шоколадлы (šokoladly) | шоколадъяслы (šokoladjasly) | |
| inessive | шоколадын (šokoladyn) | шоколадъясын (šokoladjasyn) | |
| elative | шоколадысь (šokoladyś) | шоколадъясысь (šokoladjasyś) | |
| illative | шоколадӧ (šokoladö) | шоколадъясӧ (šokoladjasö) | |
| egressive | шоколадсянь (šokoladśań) | шоколадъяссянь (šokoladjasśań) | |
| approximative | шоколадлань (šokoladlań) | шоколадъяслань (šokoladjaslań) | |
| terminative | шоколадӧдз (šokoladödź) | шоколадъясӧдз (šokoladjasödź) | |
| prolative | I | шоколадӧд (šokoladöd) | шоколадъясӧд (šokoladjasöd) |
| II | шоколадті (šokoladti) | шоколадъясті (šokoladjasti) | |
1 Animate nouns almost exclusively take the type II accusative ending, whereas inanimate nouns can be used with either ending, but are more often found with type I.
1 Animate nouns almost exclusively take the type II accusative ending, whereas inanimate nouns can be used with either ending, but are more often found with type I.
1 Animate nouns almost exclusively take the type II accusative ending, whereas inanimate nouns can be used with either ending, but are more often found with type I.
1 Animate nouns almost exclusively take the type II accusative ending, whereas inanimate nouns can be used with either ending, but are more often found with type I.
1 Animate nouns almost exclusively take the type II accusative ending, whereas inanimate nouns can be used with either ending, but are more often found with type I.
1 Animate nouns almost exclusively take the type II accusative ending, whereas inanimate nouns can be used with either ending, but are more often found with type I.
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Mongolian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Russian шокола́д (šokolád).
Pronunciation
[edit]- IPA(key): /ɕɔkʰˈɮat/
- Syllabification: шок‧ла́д
Noun
[edit]шоколад • (šokolad) (Mongolian spelling ᠱᠣᠻᠣᠯᠠᠳ᠋ (šokolad))
Russian
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]- чокола́д (čokolád) — obsolete
- шокола́дъ (šokolád) — pre-1918 spelling
- чокола́дъ (čokolád) — pre-1918 spelling, obsolete
Etymology
[edit]Originally чокола́д (čokolád) and чикола́д (čikolád), borrowed from Italian cioccolata. The form шокола́д (šokolád) was borrowed from German Schokolade.
Pronunciation
[edit]- IPA(key): [ʂəkɐˈɫat]
Audio: (file) - IPA(key): [ʂɨkɐˈɫat] (phonetic respelling: шекола́д)
Audio (Saint Petersburg): (file)
Noun
[edit]шокола́д • (šokolád) m inan (genitive шокола́да, nominative plural шокола́ды, genitive plural шокола́дов, relational adjective шокола́дный)
- chocolate
- 1830, Александр Пушкин [Alexander Pushkin], История села Горюхина; English translation from Richard Pevear and Larissa Volokhonsky, transl., The History of the Village of Goryukhino, New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2016:
- У́тром, возвраща́ясь из Гла́вного шта́ба, заходи́л я обыкнове́нно в ни́зенькую конфе́тную ла́вку и за ча́шкой шокола́ду чита́л литерату́рные журна́лы.
- Útrom, vozvraščájasʹ iz Glávnovo štába, zaxodíl ja obyknovénno v nízenʹkuju konfétnuju lávku i za čáškoj šokoládu čitál literatúrnyje žurnály.
- In the morning, returning from general headquarters, I usually went to a basement tearoom and read literary magazines over a cup of hot chocolate.
- (slang) luxury, success, fortune
Declension
[edit]| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | шокола́д šokolád |
шокола́ды šokolády |
| genitive | шокола́да šokoláda |
шокола́дов šokoládov |
| dative | шокола́ду šokoládu |
шокола́дам šokoládam |
| accusative | шокола́д šokolád |
шокола́ды šokolády |
| instrumental | шокола́дом šokoládom |
шокола́дами šokoládami |
| prepositional | шокола́де šokoláde |
шокола́дах šokoládax |
| partitive | шокола́ду šokoládu |
Derived terms
[edit]- в шокола́де (v šokoláde)
- шокола́дка f (šokoládka), шокола́дина f (šokoládina)
- шокола́дник m anim (šokoládnik)
- шокола́дница f anim or f inan (šokoládnica)
Compounds:
- From шокола́дина (šokoládina):
- жа́дина-говя́дина, в жо́пе шокола́дина (žádina-govjádina, v žópe šokoládina)
Descendants
[edit]- → Armenian: շոկոլադ (šokolad)
- → Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: ܫܘܿܩܘܿܠܵܕ݂ܵܐ (šōqōlāḏā)
- → Azerbaijani: şokolad
- → Bashkir: шоколад (şokolad)
- → Belarusian: шакала́д (šakalád)
- → Hebrew: שׁוֹקוֹלָד (shokolád)
- → Kazakh: шоколад (šokolad)
- → Komi-Zyrian: шоколад (šokolad)
- → Kyrgyz: шоколад (şokolad)
- → Mongolian: шоколад (šokolad), ᠱᠣᠻᠣᠯᠠᠳ᠋ (šokolad)
- → Tajik: шакалод (šakalod)
- → Tatar: шоколад (şoqolad)
- → Turkmen: şokolad
- → Ukrainian: шокола́д (šokolád)
- → Uyghur: شاكىلات (shakilat)
- → Uzbek: shokolad
- → Yakut: сакалаат (sakalaat)
- → Yiddish: שאָקאָלאַד (shokolad)
Further reading
[edit]- Dal, Vladimir (1880–1882), “какао”, in Толковый Словарь живаго великорускаго языка [Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language] (in Russian), 2nd edition, Publication of the bookseller-typographer Wolf, M. O.
Ukrainian
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]- чоколя́да (čokoljáda), шоколя́д (šokoljád) — 1928–1933 spelling
Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Spanish chocolate, via German Schokolade and French chocolat.[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]шокола́д • (šokolád) m inan (genitive шокола́ду, uncountable, relational adjective шокола́дний, diminutive шокола́дка)
Declension
[edit]| singular | |
|---|---|
| nominative | шокола́д šokolád |
| genitive | шокола́ду šokoládu |
| dative | шокола́дові, шокола́ду šokoládovi, šokoládu |
| accusative | шокола́д šokolád |
| instrumental | шокола́дом šokoládom |
| locative | шокола́ду, шокола́ді šokoládu, šokoládi |
| vocative | шокола́де šokoláde |
References
[edit]- ^ Melnychuk, O. S., editor (1982–2012), “шоколад”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova dumka
Further reading
[edit]- Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “шоколад”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
- “шоколад”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horox – Slovozmina, Horokh – Inflection][2]
Uzbek
[edit]| Arabic | Afghan Uzbek | |
|---|---|---|
| Yangi Imlo | ||
| Cyrillic | шоколад | |
| Latin | shokolad | |
Noun
[edit]шоколад (shokolad) (plural шоколадlar)
- Cyrillic spelling of shokolad
West Circassian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Russian шокола́д (shokolád) in the Caucasus, and from Arabic شوكولاتة (shūkūlāta) in the diaspora, ultimately from Classical Nahuatl chocolātl. Also see East Circassian шоколад (šokʷolad).
Noun
[edit]шоколад • (šokʷolad)
Synonyms
[edit]- чиколатэ (čikʷolatɛ)
- Bulgarian terms derived from Classical Nahuatl
- Bulgarian 3-syllable words
- Bulgarian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Bulgarian terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:Bulgarian/at
- Rhymes:Bulgarian/at/3 syllables
- Bulgarian lemmas
- Bulgarian nouns
- Bulgarian masculine nouns
- Bulgarian uncountable nouns
- Bulgarian countable nouns
- Bulgarian terms with collocations
- bg:Plants
- bg:Sweets
- Chuvash terms derived from Russian
- Chuvash terms derived from German
- Chuvash terms derived from Dutch
- Chuvash terms derived from Spanish
- Chuvash terms derived from Classical Nahuatl
- Chuvash terms derived from Yucatec Maya
- Chuvash terms borrowed from Russian
- Chuvash lemmas
- Chuvash nouns
- cv:Sweets
- cv:Plants
- East Circassian terms borrowed from Russian
- East Circassian terms derived from Russian
- East Circassian terms borrowed from Arabic
- East Circassian terms derived from Arabic
- East Circassian terms derived from Classical Nahuatl
- East Circassian lemmas
- East Circassian nouns
- kbd:Foods
- kbd:Sweets
- Kazakh terms borrowed from Russian
- Kazakh terms derived from Russian
- Kazakh terms derived from German
- Kazakh terms derived from Dutch
- Kazakh terms derived from Spanish
- Kazakh terms derived from Classical Nahuatl
- Kazakh terms with unknown etymologies
- Kazakh terms with IPA pronunciation
- Kazakh lemmas
- Kazakh nouns
- Komi-Zyrian terms borrowed from Russian
- Komi-Zyrian terms derived from Russian
- Komi-Zyrian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Komi-Zyrian lemmas
- Komi-Zyrian nouns
- Komi-Zyrian terms with quotations
- kpv:Sweets
- Mongolian terms borrowed from Russian
- Mongolian terms derived from Russian
- Mongolian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Mongolian lemmas
- Mongolian nouns
- Mongolian 3-syllable words
- Mongolian terms spelled with К
- mn:Food and drink
- Russian terms derived from Dutch
- Russian terms derived from Spanish
- Russian terms derived from Classical Nahuatl
- Russian terms derived from Yucatec Maya
- Russian terms borrowed from Italian
- Russian terms derived from Italian
- Russian terms borrowed from German
- Russian terms derived from German
- Russian 3-syllable words
- Russian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Russian terms with audio pronunciation
- Russian lemmas
- Russian nouns
- Russian masculine nouns
- Russian inanimate nouns
- Russian terms with quotations
- Russian slang
- Russian terms with usage examples
- Russian hard-stem masculine-form nouns
- Russian hard-stem masculine-form accent-a nouns
- Russian nouns with accent pattern a
- Russian nouns with partitive singular
- ru:Sweets
- ru:Plants
- Ukrainian terms derived from Spanish
- Ukrainian terms borrowed from German
- Ukrainian terms derived from German
- Ukrainian terms borrowed from French
- Ukrainian terms derived from French
- Ukrainian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ukrainian terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:Ukrainian/ad
- Rhymes:Ukrainian/ad/3 syllables
- Ukrainian lemmas
- Ukrainian nouns
- Ukrainian uncountable nouns
- Ukrainian masculine nouns
- Ukrainian inanimate nouns
- Ukrainian hard masculine-form nouns
- Ukrainian hard masculine-form accent-a nouns
- Ukrainian nouns with accent pattern a
- Uzbek lemmas
- Uzbek nouns
- Uzbek terms in Cyrillic script
- West Circassian terms borrowed from Russian
- West Circassian terms derived from Russian
- West Circassian terms borrowed from Arabic
- West Circassian terms derived from Arabic
- West Circassian terms derived from Classical Nahuatl
- West Circassian lemmas
- West Circassian nouns
- ady:Foods
- ady:Sweets
