تلف

See also: تلق

Arabic

Etymology 1

Root
ت ل ف (t-l-f)

Verb

تَلِفَ • (talifa) I, non-past يَتْلَفُ‎ (yatlafu)

1. to perish, to become marred, to be spoiled, to suffer annihilation
   • c. 1200, يحيى بن محمد بن أحمد بن العوام [yaḥyā ibn muḥammad ibn ʔaḥmad ibn al-ʕawwām], edited by José Antonio Banqueri, كتاب الفلاحة [Book on Agriculture], volume 2, Madrid: Imprenta Real, published 1802^IA, Cap. 33, Art. 10, page 677 line 6:

     وقد تخرج للدابة من حنكها ويسمي التحنيك وصفة العمل في ذلك إذا أحنكت الدابة فأفتح لها من الدرجة الثالثة والرابعة ولا تفتح لها قرب الباب لأن الدم ربما عسر إمساكه فتلف الدابة.

     One may extract the blood from the jaw of a beast and it is called taḥnīk and the operation consists in that you have bound the beast with a chinstrap and now cut it open to the third or fourth degree but don’t open it close the throat as it may be difficult to contain the blood and the beast will succumb.

Conjugation

Conjugation of

تَلِفَ

(form-I sound, verbal noun تَلَف)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						تَلَف talaf
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						تَالِف tālif
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول						مَتْلُوف matlūf
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	تَلِفْتُ taliftu	تَلِفْتَ talifta	تَلِفَ talifa		تَلِفْتُمَا taliftumā	تَلِفَا talifā		تَلِفْنَا talifnā	تَلِفْتُمْ taliftum	تَلِفُوا talifū
	f		تَلِفْتِ talifti	تَلِفَتْ talifat			تَلِفَتَا talifatā			تَلِفْتُنَّ taliftunna	تَلِفْنَ talifna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَتْلَفُ ʔatlafu	تَتْلَفُ tatlafu	يَتْلَفُ yatlafu		تَتْلَفَانِ tatlafāni	يَتْلَفَانِ yatlafāni		نَتْلَفُ natlafu	تَتْلَفُونَ tatlafūna	يَتْلَفُونَ yatlafūna
	f		تَتْلَفِينَ tatlafīna	تَتْلَفُ tatlafu			تَتْلَفَانِ tatlafāni			تَتْلَفْنَ tatlafna	يَتْلَفْنَ yatlafna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَتْلَفَ ʔatlafa	تَتْلَفَ tatlafa	يَتْلَفَ yatlafa		تَتْلَفَا tatlafā	يَتْلَفَا yatlafā		نَتْلَفَ natlafa	تَتْلَفُوا tatlafū	يَتْلَفُوا yatlafū
	f		تَتْلَفِي tatlafī	تَتْلَفَ tatlafa			تَتْلَفَا tatlafā			تَتْلَفْنَ tatlafna	يَتْلَفْنَ yatlafna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَتْلَفْ ʔatlaf	تَتْلَفْ tatlaf	يَتْلَفْ yatlaf		تَتْلَفَا tatlafā	يَتْلَفَا yatlafā		نَتْلَفْ natlaf	تَتْلَفُوا tatlafū	يَتْلَفُوا yatlafū
	f		تَتْلَفِي tatlafī	تَتْلَفْ tatlaf			تَتْلَفَا tatlafā			تَتْلَفْنَ tatlafna	يَتْلَفْنَ yatlafna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		اِتْلَفْ itlaf			اِتْلَفَا itlafā				اِتْلَفُوا itlafū
	f		اِتْلَفِي itlafī							اِتْلَفْنَ itlafna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	—	—	تُلِفَ tulifa		—	—		—	—	—
	f		—	—			—			—	—
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	—	—	يُتْلَفُ yutlafu		—	—		—	—	—
	f		—	—			—			—	—
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	—	—	يُتْلَفَ yutlafa		—	—		—	—	—
	f		—	—			—			—	—
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	—	—	يُتْلَفْ yutlaf		—	—		—	—	—
	f		—	—			—			—	—

Verb

تَلَّفَ • (tallafa) II, non-past يُتَلِّفُ‎ (yutallifu)

1. to make perish, to spoil, to ruin, to destroy

Noun

تَلَف • (talaf) m

1. destruction

Declension

Declension of noun تَلَف (talaf)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	تَلَف talaf	التَّلَف at-talaf	تَلَف talaf
Nominative	تَلَفٌ talafun	التَّلَفُ at-talafu	تَلَفُ talafu
Accusative	تَلَفًا talafan	التَّلَفَ at-talafa	تَلَفَ talafa
Genitive	تَلَفٍ talafin	التَّلَفِ at-talafi	تَلَفِ talafi

Descendants

• → Azerbaijani: tələf
• → Northern Kurdish: telef
• → Ottoman Turkish: تلف
  • Turkish: telef
• → Persian: تلف
• → Uzbek: talaf

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• Audio

  (file)

Verb

تُلْفِ • (tulfi) (form IV)

1. second-person masculine singular non-past active jussive of أَلْفَى (ʔalfā)
2. third-person feminine singular non-past active jussive of أَلْفَى (ʔalfā)

Verb

تُلْفَ • (tulfa) (form IV)

1. second-person masculine singular non-past passive jussive of أَلْفَى (ʔalfā)
2. third-person feminine singular non-past passive jussive of أَلْفَى (ʔalfā)

References

• Wehr, Hans (1979) “تلف”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN

Moroccan Arabic

Root
ت ل ف
1 term

Etymology 1

From Arabic تَلَفَ (talafa).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tlaf/

Verb

تلف • (tlaf) I (non-past يتلف (yitlaf))

1. to get lost

   تلفت فالمدينة القديمة

   tlaft f-le-mdīna le-qdīma

   I got lost in the old part of the city.

Conjugation

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Etymology 2

From Arabic تَلَّفَ (tallafa).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tal.laf/

Verb

تلف • (tallaf) II (non-past يتلف (ytallaf))

1. to cause to get lost, to make someone get lost
2. to cause to lose focus

   تلفتيني من كترة الهدرة

   tallaftīni men katrat el-hadra

   I lost focus because of your excessive talking.

Conjugation

Conjugation of تلف
		singular				plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person
past	m	تلّفت (tallaft)	تلّفتي (tallafti)	تلّف (tallaf)		تلّفنا (tallafna)	تلّفتوا (tallaftu)	تلّفوا (tallfu)
	f			تلّفت (tallfāt)
non-past	m	نتلّف (ntallaf)	تتلّف (ttallaf)	يتلّف (ytallaf)		نتلّفوا (ntallfu)	تتلّفوا (ttallfu)	يتلّفوا (ytallfu)
	f		تتلّفي (ttallfi)	تتلّف (ttallaf)
imperative	m		تلّف (tallaf)				تلّفوا (tallfu)
	f		تلّفي (tallfi)

Etymology 3

From Arabic تَلَف (talaf).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /talf/

Noun

تلف • (talf) m

1. act of losing

Persian

Etymology

From Arabic تَلَف (talaf).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [ta.ˈlaf]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰä.lǽf]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰä.lǽf]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰä.lǽf]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰä.lǽf]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰæ.lǽf]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰä.lǽf]

Readings
Classical reading?	talaf
Dari reading?	talaf
Iranian reading?	talaf
Tajik reading?	talaf

Noun

Dari	تلف
Iranian Persian
Tajik	талаф

تلف • (talaf) (plural تلفات (talafât))

1. destruction, perishing, waste, death

Derived terms

• تلف شدن (talaf šodan, “to be destroyed, to be wasted”)
• تلف کردن (talaf kardan, “to destroy, to waste”)