خلد

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See also: جلد

Arabic[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

From the root خ ل د (ḵ-l-d). Compare Hebrew חלד (khéled, world, era) and Ge'ez ኀለደ (ḫälädä, to last long).

Verb[edit]

خَلَدَ (ḵalada) I, non-past يَخْلُدُ‎ (yaḵludu)

  1. to last forever, to be everlasting
  2. to be immortal
  3. to abide forever
  4. to remain, to stay
  5. to rest
Conjugation[edit]

Verb[edit]

خَلَّدَ (ḵallada) II, non-past يُخَلِّدُ‎ (yuḵallidu)

  1. to make eternal, to make everlasting
    • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 56:17:
      يَطُوفُ عَلَيْهِمْ وِلْدَانٌ مُّخَلَّدُونَ
      yaṭūfu ʕalayhim wildānun mmuḵalladūna
      There will circulate among them young boys made eternal.
  2. to perpetuate, to make immortal
  3. to make ineffaceable, to make unforgettable
  4. to remain, to stay, to abide, to linger
  5. to grow very old, to enjoy a long life, to be long-lived
Conjugation[edit]

Noun[edit]

خُلْد (ḵuldm

  1. infinite duration, endless time, perpetuity, eternity
Declension[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

From Aramaic חוּלְדּא / ܚܘܠܕܐ (ḥuldā, mole).[1]

Noun[edit]

خُلْد (ḵuldm (plural خِلْدَان (ḵildān))[2][3][4][5]

  1. blind mole-rat
  2. mole (mammal, modern)
Declension[edit]

Etymology 3[edit]

Noun[edit]

خَلَد (ḵaladm (plural أَخْلَاد (ʔaḵlād))

  1. mind, heart, spirit, temper
    • a. 965, Al-Mutanabbī, chapter 69, in ʔAbū al-Baqāʔ al-ʕUkbariyy, edited by Ibrāhīm al-Abyārī, Muṣṭafā as-Saqqā, and ʕAbd al-Ḥafīẓ Šalabī, ديوان أبي الطيب المتنبي بشرح أبي البقاء العكبري, volume 1, Beirut, Lebanon: Dār Al-Maʔrifah, published 1978, →OCLC, page 350, line 7:
      مَا دَارَ فِي خَلَدِ الْأَيَّامِ لِي فَرَحٌ / أَبَا عُبَادَةَ حَتَّى دُرْتَ فِي خَلَدِي
      mā dāra fī ḵaladi al-ʔayyāmi lī faraḥun / ʔabā ʕubādata ḥattā durta fī ḵaladī
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
Declension[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ Hommel, Fritz (1879) Die Namen der Säugethiere bei den südsemitischen Völkern als Beiträge zur arabischen und äthiopischen Lexicographie, zur semitischen Kulturforschung und Sprachvergleichung und zur Geschichte der Mittelmeerfauna. Mit steter Berücksichtigung auch der assyrischen und hebräischen Thiernamen und geographischen und literaturgeschichtlichen Excursen[1] (in German), Leipzig: J. C. Hinrichs’sche Buchhandlung, page 337, assumed it inherited from Proto-Semitic and there formed from the verb preceding חלד / ܚܠܕ (ḥlaḏ, to grave or crawl in) , in spite of this verb being present only in Aramaic and Mishnaic Hebrew, probably not knowing that Arabic Aramaisms can contain خ (), and with respect to the antiquity of the Hebrew cognate חֹלֶד (ḥōleḏ, weasel, mole, mole-rat) that verb is likely a Northwest Semitic extension of what is found in the Arabic root خ ل ل (ḵ-l-l) “to perforate”, Hebrew חָלַל (ḥālal, to hollow out; to perforate), Akkadian 𒄩𒆷𒈝 (ḫa-la-lum /⁠ḫalālu⁠/, to creep in, to crawl in, to move quiet or stealthily). Militarev, Alexander; Kogan, Leonid (2005) Semitic Etymological Dictionary, volume II: Animal Names, Münster: Ugarit-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 147–148 No. 108, follow Hommel’s assumption without reflection.
  2. ^ Al-Ḵalīl ibn Aḥmad Al-Farāhīdiyy (8th century), Mahdiyy Al-Makhzūmi; Ibrāhim Al-Samirra’iyy, editor, Al-Ayn, volume 4, دار ومكتبة الهلال, →OCLC, page 232: “وَٱلخُلْدُ: ضَرْبٌ مِنَ ٱلجُرْذَانِ عُمْيٌ، لَمْ يُخْلَقْ لَهَا عُيُونٌ، وَاحِدَتُهَا خِلْدَةٌ، وَٱلجَمِيْعُ خِلْدَانٌ”
  3. ^ ابن منظور. «خلد»، لسان العرب.
  4. ^ Fīrūzābādī (1834) Al-uqiyānūs al-basīt, translated from Arabic into Ottoman Turkish by Aḥmad ʻĀṣim, 2nd edition, Constantinople
  5. ^ Lane, Edward William (1863), “خلد”, in Arabic-English Lexicon, London: Williams & Norgate, page 784b