كون

See also: کون, گون, گؤن, and كۈن

Arabic

Etymology 1

Verbal noun of the verb كَانَ (kāna, “to be”), from the root ك و ن (k w n).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kawn/

Noun

كَوْن • (kawn) m (plural أَكْوَان (ʔakwān))

1. verbal noun of كَانَ (kāna) (form I)
2. being, essence
3. existence

   الْكَوْن ― al-kawn ― reality, the world, the cosmos, the universe

   الْكَوْن الْأَعْلَى ― al-kawn al-ʔaʕlā ― the supreme being, God

4. event, occurrence, incident

Declension

Declension of noun كَوْن (kawn)

singular	basic singular triptote
	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	كَوْن kawn	الْكَوْن al-kawn	كَوْن kawn
nominative	كَوْنٌ kawnun	الْكَوْنُ al-kawnu	كَوْنُ kawnu
accusative	كَوْنًا kawnan	الْكَوْنَ al-kawna	كَوْنَ kawna
genitive	كَوْنٍ kawnin	الْكَوْنِ al-kawni	كَوْنِ kawni
dual	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	كَوْنَيْن kawnayn	الْكَوْنَيْن al-kawnayn	كَوْنَيْ kawnay
nominative	كَوْنَانِ kawnāni	الْكَوْنَانِ al-kawnāni	كَوْنَا kawnā
accusative	كَوْنَيْنِ kawnayni	الْكَوْنَيْنِ al-kawnayni	كَوْنَيْ kawnay
genitive	كَوْنَيْنِ kawnayni	الْكَوْنَيْنِ al-kawnayni	كَوْنَيْ kawnay
plural	basic broken plural triptote
	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	أَكْوَان ʔakwān	الْأَكْوَان al-ʔakwān	أَكْوَان ʔakwān
nominative	أَكْوَانٌ ʔakwānun	الْأَكْوَانُ al-ʔakwānu	أَكْوَانُ ʔakwānu
accusative	أَكْوَانًا ʔakwānan	الْأَكْوَانَ al-ʔakwāna	أَكْوَانَ ʔakwāna
genitive	أَكْوَانٍ ʔakwānin	الْأَكْوَانِ al-ʔakwāni	أَكْوَانِ ʔakwāni

Synonyms

• (verbal noun): كَيْنُونَة (kaynūna), كِيَان (kiyān)

Related terms

• كَانَ (kāna)
• كَوْنِيّ (kawniyy)

Descendants

• Azerbaijani: kövn (archaic)
• Ottoman Turkish: كون (kevn)
  • Turkish: kevn (archaic or exists in religious texts)
  • Turkish: kâinat (cosmos) ("evren" is a more contemporary synonym of the same.)

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kaw.wa.na/

Verb

كَوَّنَ • (kawwana) II (non-past يُكَوِّنُ (yukawwinu), verbal noun تَكْوِين (takwīn))

1. to bring into being, to make, to create, to produce, to originate, to bring forth

   Synonym: أَوْجَدَ (ʔawjada)

2. to formalize, to frame, to form, to shape, to constitute, to compose, to set up, to fashion

Conjugation

Conjugation of كَوَّنَ (II, sound, full passive, verbal noun تَكْوِين)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						تَكْوِين takwīn
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						مُكَوِّن mukawwin
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول						مُكَوَّن mukawwan
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	كَوَّنْتُ kawwantu	كَوَّنْتَ kawwanta	كَوَّنَ kawwana		كَوَّنْتُمَا kawwantumā	كَوَّنَا kawwanā		كَوَّنَّا kawwannā	كَوَّنْتُمْ kawwantum	كَوَّنُوا kawwanū
	f		كَوَّنْتِ kawwanti	كَوَّنَتْ kawwanat			كَوَّنَتَا kawwanatā			كَوَّنْتُنَّ kawwantunna	كَوَّنَّ kawwanna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُكَوِّنُ ʔukawwinu	تُكَوِّنُ tukawwinu	يُكَوِّنُ yukawwinu		تُكَوِّنَانِ tukawwināni	يُكَوِّنَانِ yukawwināni		نُكَوِّنُ nukawwinu	تُكَوِّنُونَ tukawwinūna	يُكَوِّنُونَ yukawwinūna
	f		تُكَوِّنِينَ tukawwinīna	تُكَوِّنُ tukawwinu			تُكَوِّنَانِ tukawwināni			تُكَوِّنَّ tukawwinna	يُكَوِّنَّ yukawwinna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُكَوِّنَ ʔukawwina	تُكَوِّنَ tukawwina	يُكَوِّنَ yukawwina		تُكَوِّنَا tukawwinā	يُكَوِّنَا yukawwinā		نُكَوِّنَ nukawwina	تُكَوِّنُوا tukawwinū	يُكَوِّنُوا yukawwinū
	f		تُكَوِّنِي tukawwinī	تُكَوِّنَ tukawwina			تُكَوِّنَا tukawwinā			تُكَوِّنَّ tukawwinna	يُكَوِّنَّ yukawwinna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُكَوِّنْ ʔukawwin	تُكَوِّنْ tukawwin	يُكَوِّنْ yukawwin		تُكَوِّنَا tukawwinā	يُكَوِّنَا yukawwinā		نُكَوِّنْ nukawwin	تُكَوِّنُوا tukawwinū	يُكَوِّنُوا yukawwinū
	f		تُكَوِّنِي tukawwinī	تُكَوِّنْ tukawwin			تُكَوِّنَا tukawwinā			تُكَوِّنَّ tukawwinna	يُكَوِّنَّ yukawwinna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		كَوِّنْ kawwin			كَوِّنَا kawwinā				كَوِّنُوا kawwinū
	f		كَوِّنِي kawwinī							كَوِّنَّ kawwinna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	كُوِّنْتُ kuwwintu	كُوِّنْتَ kuwwinta	كُوِّنَ kuwwina		كُوِّنْتُمَا kuwwintumā	كُوِّنَا kuwwinā		كُوِّنَّا kuwwinnā	كُوِّنْتُمْ kuwwintum	كُوِّنُوا kuwwinū
	f		كُوِّنْتِ kuwwinti	كُوِّنَتْ kuwwinat			كُوِّنَتَا kuwwinatā			كُوِّنْتُنَّ kuwwintunna	كُوِّنَّ kuwwinna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُكَوَّنُ ʔukawwanu	تُكَوَّنُ tukawwanu	يُكَوَّنُ yukawwanu		تُكَوَّنَانِ tukawwanāni	يُكَوَّنَانِ yukawwanāni		نُكَوَّنُ nukawwanu	تُكَوَّنُونَ tukawwanūna	يُكَوَّنُونَ yukawwanūna
	f		تُكَوَّنِينَ tukawwanīna	تُكَوَّنُ tukawwanu			تُكَوَّنَانِ tukawwanāni			تُكَوَّنَّ tukawwanna	يُكَوَّنَّ yukawwanna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُكَوَّنَ ʔukawwana	تُكَوَّنَ tukawwana	يُكَوَّنَ yukawwana		تُكَوَّنَا tukawwanā	يُكَوَّنَا yukawwanā		نُكَوَّنَ nukawwana	تُكَوَّنُوا tukawwanū	يُكَوَّنُوا yukawwanū
	f		تُكَوَّنِي tukawwanī	تُكَوَّنَ tukawwana			تُكَوَّنَا tukawwanā			تُكَوَّنَّ tukawwanna	يُكَوَّنَّ yukawwanna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُكَوَّنْ ʔukawwan	تُكَوَّنْ tukawwan	يُكَوَّنْ yukawwan		تُكَوَّنَا tukawwanā	يُكَوَّنَا yukawwanā		نُكَوَّنْ nukawwan	تُكَوَّنُوا tukawwanū	يُكَوَّنُوا yukawwanū
	f		تُكَوَّنِي tukawwanī	تُكَوَّنْ tukawwan			تُكَوَّنَا tukawwanā			تُكَوَّنَّ tukawwanna	يُكَوَّنَّ yukawwanna

Further reading

• Horten, Max (1911), “Was bedeutet al-kaun als philosophischer Terminus? Ein Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Philosophie im Islam”, in Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft‎^[1] (in German), volume 65, pages 539–549

Old Anatolian Turkish

Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *kün

Noun

كون • (gün) (definite accusative كونی (güni), plural كونلر (günlär))

1. day, a period of time equal or almost equal to a full day-night cycle.
2. day, daytime

   Synonym: كوندز (gündüz)

3. morning

   Synonyms: كوندز (gündüz), صباح (säbāḥ)

4. sun

   Synonyms: كونش (günäş), شمس (şäms)

5. time, moment, occurrence

   Synonym: آن (ān)

6. (figurative) happy moment, blessed occurrence

Derived terms

• بو كون (bu gün, “today”)
• كون اكیك (gün egik, “dandelion”)
• كون اوزون (gün uzun, “all day”)
• كون باتوسی (gün batusı, “west”)
• كون به كون (gün be gün, “day to day”)
• كون دوغوسی (gün doġusı, “east”)
• كون كورمز (gün görmez, “isolated hijabi woman”)
• كون كون (gün gün, “day to day”)
• كوندز (gündüz, “daytime”)
• كونده (günde, “every day”)
• كونسز (günsüz, “one deprived of the sun”)
• كونش (güneş, “sun”)
• كونی (güney, “the side seeing the sun”)

Descendants

• Azerbaijani: gün
• Gagauz: gün
• Ottoman Turkish: گون (gün)
  • Turkish: gün

Further reading

• Kanar, Mehmet (2018), “gün”, in Eski Anadolu Türkçesi Sözlüğü [Old Anatolian Turkish Dictionary] (in Turkish), 2nd edition, Istanbul: Say Yayınları, page 317
• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–), “gün”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
• XIII. Yüzyılından Beri Türkiye Türkçesiyle Yazılmış Kitaplarından Toplanan Tanıklarıyle Tarama Sözlüğü (Türk Dil Kurumu yayınları; 212)‎^[2] (in Turkish), Ankara: Türk Dil Kurumu, 1963–1977

Etymology 2

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *kȫn.

Noun

كون • (gön) (definite accusative كونی (göni), plural كونلر (gönler))

1. tanned skin

Derived terms

• كون باردق (gön bardaq, “leather flask”)
• كونجك (göncük, “fish net”)

Descendants

• Azerbaijani: gön
• Ottoman Turkish: گون (gön) (see there for further descendants)
  • Turkish: gön

Further reading

• Kanar, Mehmet (2018), “gön”, in Eski Anadolu Türkçesi Sözlüğü [Old Anatolian Turkish Dictionary] (in Turkish), 2nd edition, Istanbul: Say Yayınları, page 295
• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–), “gön”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
• “gön”, in XIII. Yüzyılından Beri Türkiye Türkçesiyle Yazılmış Kitaplarından Toplanan Tanıklarıyle Tarama Sözlüğü (Türk Dil Kurumu yayınları; 212)‎^[3] (in Turkish), Ankara: Türk Dil Kurumu, 1963–1977

Etymology 3

Likely borrowed from Classical Persian گون (gavan). Nişanyan instead derives from كومك (gevmek, “to chew”)

Noun

كون • (geven) (definite accusative كونی (geveni), plural كونلر (gevenler))

1. milkvetch

Descendants

• Azerbaijani: gəvən
• Ottoman Turkish: گون (geven)
  • Turkish: geven
  • → Armenian: գեւեն (gewen)

Further reading

• Kanar, Mehmet (2018), “geven”, in Eski Anadolu Türkçesi Sözlüğü [Old Anatolian Turkish Dictionary] (in Turkish), 2nd edition, Istanbul: Say Yayınları, page 284

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology 1

Inherited from Old Anatolian Turkish كون (gün), from Proto-Turkic *kün (“sun, day”). Compare Azerbaijani gün.

Noun

گون • (gün)

1. day
2. sun

   Synonyms: شمش (şems), گونش (güneş), آفتاب (aftab)

Derived terms

• گون چیچكی (gün çiçeği, “sunflower”)

Descendants

• Turkish: gün

Etymology 2

Inherited from Old Anatolian Turkish كون (gön), from Proto-Common Turkic *kȫn (“tanned skin, leather”). Compare Azerbaijani gön.

Noun

گون • (gön)

1. hide, leather

Derived terms

• كونجك (göncük, “leather strap to which ropes are attached”)

Descendants

• Turkish: gön
• → Armenian: կէօն (kēōn)
• → Bulgarian: гьон (gjon)
• → Macedonian: ѓон (ǵon)
• → Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic script: ђо̏н

  Latin script: đȍn

Etymology 3

Borrowed from Classical Persian گون (gūn).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɟuːn/

Noun

گون • (gûn)

1. colour

   Synonyms: بویا (boya), رنك (renk)

2. sort, kind

Etymology 4

Inherited from Old Anatolian Turkish كون (geven), likely from Classical Persian گون (gavan).

Noun

گون • (geven)

1. milkvetch

Descendants

• Turkish: geven
• → Armenian: գեւեն (gewen)

References

• Kélékian, Diran (1911), “كون”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎^[4] (in French), Constantinople: Mihran, pages 1060b–1061a
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680), “كون”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎^[5], Vienna, columns 4094–4095

South Levantine Arabic

Root
ك و ن
4 terms

Etymology

From Arabic كَوَّنَ (kawwana).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kaw.wan/, [ˈkaw.wan]

• Audio (al-Lidd):

  (file)

Verb

كَوَّن • (kawwan) II (present بكَوَّن (bikawwen))

1. to form, to make, to make up

   Synonym: شكّل (šakkal)

Conjugation

Conjugation of كون

		singular				plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person
past	m	كوّنت (kawwant)	كوّنت (kawwant)	كوّن (kawwan)		كوّننا (kawwanna)	كوّنتو (kawwantu)	كوّنو (kawwanu)
	f		كوّنتي (kawwanti)	كوّنت (kawwanat)
present	m	بكوّن (bakawwin)	بتكوّن (bitkawwin)	بكوّن (bikawwin)		منكوّن (minkawwin)	بتكوّنو (bitkawwnu)	بكوّنو (bikawwnu)
	f		بتكوّني (bitkawwni)	بتكوّن (bitkawwin)
subjunctive	m	اكوّن (akawwin)	تكوّن (tkawwin)	يكوّن (ykawwin)		نكوّن (nkawwin)	تكوّنو (tkawwnu)	يكوّنو (ykawwnu)
	f		تكوّني (tkawwni)	تكوّن (tkawwin)
imperative	m		كوّن (kawwin)				كوّنو (kawwnu)
	f		كوّني (kawwni)