गृह

See also: गेहूँ and गोह

Hindi

Etymology

(deprecated template usage) Borrowed from Sanskrit गृह (gṛhá), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *gʰr̥dʰás, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰr̥dʰós, from *gʰerdʰ- (“to enclose”).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi) IPA^(key): /ɡɾiːɦ/, [ɡɾiːʱ], /ɡɾɪ.ɦə.ᵊ/, [ɡɾɪ.ɦɐ.ᵊ]

Noun

गृह • (gŕh) m (Urdu spelling گرہ)

1. house, dwelling, habitation

   Synonyms: घर (ghar), मकान (makān), भवन (bhavan)

References

• McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “गृह”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press

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Sanskrit

Etymology

(deprecated template usage) From Proto-Indo-Aryan *gʰr̥dʰás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *gʰr̥dʰás, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰr̥dʰós, from *gʰerdʰ- (“to enclose”). The change from dʰ to h is irregular, and possibly due to later generalization, suggesting an earlier Rigvedic gṛdhá.

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɡr̩.ɦɐ́/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ˈɡr̩.ɦɐ/

Noun

गृह • (gṛhá) stem, m or n (Vedic gṛdhá)

1. a house, habitation, home

   मृन्-मय गृह ― mṛn-máya gṛhá ― house of earth, grave

   अधराद् गृह ― adharā́d gṛhá ― the lower world

   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 1.49.1d

     उषो भद्रेभिरा गहि दिवश्चिद रोचनादधि ।
     वहन्त्वरुणप्सव उप तवा सोमिनो गर्हम ॥

     uṣo bhadrebhirā gahi divaścida rocanādadhi.
     vahantvaruṇapsava upa tavā somino garhama.

     E'EN from above the sky's bright realm come, Uṣas, by auspicious ways:
     Let red steeds bear thee to the house of him who pours the Soma, juice.

2. assistant, servant
3. the inhabitants of a house, family
   1. wife; householder
4. (at the end of a compound, with names of gods) a temple

   चण्डिकागृह ― caṇḍikāgṛha ― a temple of Durgā

   देवतागृह ― devatāgṛha ― temple, chapel

5. (at the end of a compound, with name of plants) a bower

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of गृह (gṛhá)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	गृहः gṛháḥ	गृहौ / गृहा¹ gṛhaú / gṛhā́¹	गृहाः / गृहासः¹ gṛhā́ḥ / gṛhā́saḥ¹
Vocative	गृह gṛ́ha	गृहौ / गृहा¹ gṛ́hau / gṛ́hā¹	गृहाः / गृहासः¹ gṛ́hāḥ / gṛ́hāsaḥ¹
Accusative	गृहम् gṛhám	गृहौ / गृहा¹ gṛhaú / gṛhā́¹	गृहान् gṛhā́n
Instrumental	गृहेण gṛhéṇa	गृहाभ्याम् gṛhā́bhyām	गृहैः / गृहेभिः¹ gṛhaíḥ / gṛhébhiḥ¹
Dative	गृहाय gṛhā́ya	गृहाभ्याम् gṛhā́bhyām	गृहेभ्यः gṛhébhyaḥ
Ablative	गृहात् gṛhā́t	गृहाभ्याम् gṛhā́bhyām	गृहेभ्यः gṛhébhyaḥ
Genitive	गृहस्य gṛhásya	गृहयोः gṛháyoḥ	गृहाणाम् gṛhā́ṇām
Locative	गृहे gṛhé	गृहयोः gṛháyoḥ	गृहेषु gṛhéṣu
Notes	¹Vedic In later Sanskrit only the plural forms of the masculine were used.

Neuter a-stem declension of गृह (gṛhá)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	गृहम् gṛhám	गृहे gṛhé	गृहाणि / गृहा¹ gṛhā́ṇi / gṛhā́¹
Vocative	गृह gṛ́ha	गृहे gṛ́he	गृहाणि / गृहा¹ gṛ́hāṇi / gṛ́hā¹
Accusative	गृहम् gṛhám	गृहे gṛhé	गृहाणि / गृहा¹ gṛhā́ṇi / gṛhā́¹
Instrumental	गृहेण gṛhéṇa	गृहाभ्याम् gṛhā́bhyām	गृहैः / गृहेभिः¹ gṛhaíḥ / gṛhébhiḥ¹
Dative	गृहाय gṛhā́ya	गृहाभ्याम् gṛhā́bhyām	गृहेभ्यः gṛhébhyaḥ
Ablative	गृहात् gṛhā́t	गृहाभ्याम् gṛhā́bhyām	गृहेभ्यः gṛhébhyaḥ
Genitive	गृहस्य gṛhásya	गृहयोः gṛháyoḥ	गृहाणाम् gṛhā́ṇām
Locative	गृहे gṛhé	गृहयोः gṛháyoḥ	गृहेषु gṛhéṣu
Notes	¹Vedic Used only in the sense "house".

Noun

गृह • (gṛhá) stem, n

1. wife
2. zodiac sign
3. an astrological mansion
4. name of the 4th astrological mansion
5. (chess) square

Declension

Neuter a-stem declension of गृह (gṛhá)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	गृहम् gṛhám	गृहे gṛhé	गृहाणि / गृहा¹ gṛhā́ṇi / gṛhā́¹
Vocative	गृह gṛ́ha	गृहे gṛ́he	गृहाणि / गृहा¹ gṛ́hāṇi / gṛ́hā¹
Accusative	गृहम् gṛhám	गृहे gṛhé	गृहाणि / गृहा¹ gṛhā́ṇi / gṛhā́¹
Instrumental	गृहेण gṛhéṇa	गृहाभ्याम् gṛhā́bhyām	गृहैः / गृहेभिः¹ gṛhaíḥ / gṛhébhiḥ¹
Dative	गृहाय gṛhā́ya	गृहाभ्याम् gṛhā́bhyām	गृहेभ्यः gṛhébhyaḥ
Ablative	गृहात् gṛhā́t	गृहाभ्याम् gṛhā́bhyām	गृहेभ्यः gṛhébhyaḥ
Genitive	गृहस्य gṛhásya	गृहयोः gṛháyoḥ	गृहाणाम् gṛhā́ṇām
Locative	गृहे gṛhé	गृहयोः gṛháyoḥ	गृहेषु gṛhéṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Descendants

• → Hindi: गृह (gŕh)
• → Indonesian: gerha, graha, greha
• → Khmer: គ្រឹហា (krɨhaa)
• → Telugu: గృహము (gr̥hamu)
• Gujarati: ઘર (ghar)
• ,
• Pali: gaha, ghara
• → Khmer: ឃរ (khɔɔ)
• Vaghri: ઘર (ghar)

Related terms

• गेह (gehá)

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “गृह”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0361.