पाक

See also: पीक and पोका

Hindi

Pronunciation

• (Standard Hindi) IPA^(key): /pɑːk/, [päːk]

Etymology 1

Proper noun

पाक • (pāk) m (Urdu spelling پاک)

1. short for पाकिस्तान (pākistān, “Pakistan”)

Declension

Declension of पाक (sg-only masc cons-stem)

	singular
direct	पाक pāk
oblique	पाक pāk
vocative	पाक pāk

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Classical Persian پاک (pāk). First attested as Old Hindi पाक (pāka). Doublet of पावक (pāvak).

Adjective

पाक • (pāk) (indeclinable, Urdu spelling پاک)

1. clean, pure

   Synonyms: शुद्ध (śuddh), ख़ालिस (xālis)

Derived terms

• पाकिस्तान (pākistān) (according to one etymology)

Further reading

• McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993), “पाक”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press

Marathi

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pak/

Etymology 1

Inherited from Old Marathi 𑘢𑘰𑘎 (pāka), from Maharastri Prakrit 𑀧𑀓𑁆𑀓 (pakka), from Sanskrit पक्व (pakvá). Related to पक्के (pakke), पोक्त (pokta). Compare Konkani पांक (pā̃k), Gujarati પાક (pāk).

Noun

पाक • (pāk) m

1. sugar syrup

Descendants

• → Kannada: ಪಾಕ (pāka, “sugar syrup”)

Etymology 2

Proper noun

पाक • (pāk) m

1. short for पाकिस्तान (pākistān, “Pakistan”)

Further reading

• Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983), “पाक”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies
• Molesworth, James Thomas (1857), “पाक”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press
• दाते, यशवंत रामकृष्ण [Date, Yashwant Ramkrishna] (1932-1950), “पाक”, in महाराष्ट्र शब्दकोश (mahārāṣṭra śabdakoś) (in Marathi), पुणे [Pune]: महाराष्ट्र कोशमंडळ (mahārāṣṭra kośmaṇḍaḷ)
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “pakvá”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press

Old Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian پاک (pāk). Compare Old Punjabi ਪਾਕੁ (pāku).

Adjective

पाक (pāka)

1. pure, clean

Descendants

• Hindustani: pāk

  Hindi: पाक

  Urdu: پاک (pāk)

Further reading

• Jaroslav Strnad (2013), Morphology and Syntax of Old Hindī : Edition and Analysis of One Hundred Kabīr Vānī Poems From Rājasthān (Brill's Indological Library; 45), Leiden, →OCLC, page 546

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• পাক (Assamese script)
• ᬧᬵᬓ (Balinese script)
• পাক (Bengali script)
• 𑰢𑰯𑰎 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀧𑀸𑀓 (Brahmi script)
• ပါက (Burmese script)
• પાક (Gujarati script)
• ਪਾਕ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌪𑌾𑌕 (Grantha script)
• ꦥꦴꦏ (Javanese script)
• 𑂣𑂰𑂍 (Kaithi script)
• ಪಾಕ (Kannada script)
• បាក (Khmer script)
• ປາກ (Lao script)
• പാക (Malayalam script)
• ᢒᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᡬᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘢𑘰𑘎 (Modi script)
• ᢒᠠᢗᢉᠠ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧂𑧑𑦮 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐥𑐵𑐎 (Newa script)
• ପାକ (Odia script)
• ꢦꢵꢒ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆥𑆳𑆑 (Sharada script)
• 𑖢𑖯𑖎 (Siddham script)
• පාක (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩰𑩛𑩜 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚞𑚭𑚊 (Takri script)
• பாக (Tamil script)
• పాక (Telugu script)
• ปาก (Thai script)
• པཱ་ཀ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒣𑒰𑒏 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨞𑨊𑨋 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology 1

From the root पच् (pac, “to cook”).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /pɑː.kɐ/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /pɑː.kɐ/

Noun

पाक • (pāka) stem, m

1. cooking, baking, roasting, boiling
2. any cooked or dressed food
3. ripening, ripeness (of fruit or of a boil)

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of पाक

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	पाकः (pākaḥ)	पाकौ (pākau) पाका¹ (pākā¹)	पाकाः (pākāḥ) पाकासः¹ (pākāsaḥ¹)
accusative	पाकम् (pākam)	पाकौ (pākau) पाका¹ (pākā¹)	पाकान् (pākān)
instrumental	पाकेन (pākena)	पाकाभ्याम् (pākābhyām)	पाकैः (pākaiḥ) पाकेभिः¹ (pākebhiḥ¹)
dative	पाकाय (pākāya)	पाकाभ्याम् (pākābhyām)	पाकेभ्यः (pākebhyaḥ)
ablative	पाकात् (pākāt)	पाकाभ्याम् (pākābhyām)	पाकेभ्यः (pākebhyaḥ)
genitive	पाकस्य (pākasya)	पाकयोः (pākayoḥ)	पाकानाम् (pākānām)
locative	पाके (pāke)	पाकयोः (pākayoḥ)	पाकेषु (pākeṣu)
vocative	पाक (pāka)	पाकौ (pākau) पाका¹ (pākā¹)	पाकाः (pākāḥ) पाकासः¹ (pākāsaḥ¹)

• ¹Vedic

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /pɑ́ː.kɐ/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /pɑː.kɐ/

Adjective

पाक॑ • (pā́ka) stem

1. very young
2. simple, ignorant, inartificial, honest

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of पाक॑

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	पाकः॑ (pā́kaḥ)	पाकौ॑ (pā́kau) पाका॑¹ (pā́kā¹)	पाकाः॑ (pā́kāḥ) पाका॑सः¹ (pā́kāsaḥ¹)
accusative	पाक॑म् (pā́kam)	पाकौ॑ (pā́kau) पाका॑¹ (pā́kā¹)	पाका॑न् (pā́kān)
instrumental	पाके॑न (pā́kena)	पाका॑भ्याम् (pā́kābhyām)	पाकैः॑ (pā́kaiḥ) पाके॑भिः¹ (pā́kebhiḥ¹)
dative	पाका॑य (pā́kāya)	पाका॑भ्याम् (pā́kābhyām)	पाके॑भ्यः (pā́kebhyaḥ)
ablative	पाका॑त् (pā́kāt)	पाका॑भ्याम् (pā́kābhyām)	पाके॑भ्यः (pā́kebhyaḥ)
genitive	पाक॑स्य (pā́kasya)	पाक॑योः (pā́kayoḥ)	पाका॑नाम् (pā́kānām)
locative	पाके॑ (pā́ke)	पाक॑योः (pā́kayoḥ)	पाके॑षु (pā́keṣu)
vocative	पाक॑ (pā́ka)	पाकौ॑ (pā́kau) पाका॑¹ (pā́kā¹)	पाकाः॑ (pā́kāḥ) पाका॑सः¹ (pā́kāsaḥ¹)

• ¹Vedic

Feminine ā-stem declension of पाका॑

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	पाका॑ (pā́kā)	पाके॑ (pā́ke)	पाकाः॑ (pā́kāḥ)
accusative	पाका॑म् (pā́kām)	पाके॑ (pā́ke)	पाकाः॑ (pā́kāḥ)
instrumental	पाक॑या (pā́kayā) पाका॑¹ (pā́kā¹)	पाका॑भ्याम् (pā́kābhyām)	पाका॑भिः (pā́kābhiḥ)
dative	पाका॑यै (pā́kāyai)	पाका॑भ्याम् (pā́kābhyām)	पाका॑भ्यः (pā́kābhyaḥ)
ablative	पाका॑याः (pā́kāyāḥ) पाका॑यै² (pā́kāyai²)	पाका॑भ्याम् (pā́kābhyām)	पाका॑भ्यः (pā́kābhyaḥ)
genitive	पाका॑याः (pā́kāyāḥ) पाका॑यै² (pā́kāyai²)	पाक॑योः (pā́kayoḥ)	पाका॑नाम् (pā́kānām)
locative	पाका॑याम् (pā́kāyām)	पाक॑योः (pā́kayoḥ)	पाका॑सु (pā́kāsu)
vocative	पाके॑ (pā́ke)	पाके॑ (pā́ke)	पाकाः॑ (pā́kāḥ)

• ¹Vedic
• ²Brāhmaṇas

Neuter a-stem declension of पाक॑

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	पाक॑म् (pā́kam)	पाके॑ (pā́ke)	पाका॑नि (pā́kāni) पाका॑¹ (pā́kā¹)
accusative	पाक॑म् (pā́kam)	पाके॑ (pā́ke)	पाका॑नि (pā́kāni) पाका॑¹ (pā́kā¹)
instrumental	पाके॑न (pā́kena)	पाका॑भ्याम् (pā́kābhyām)	पाकैः॑ (pā́kaiḥ) पाके॑भिः¹ (pā́kebhiḥ¹)
dative	पाका॑य (pā́kāya)	पाका॑भ्याम् (pā́kābhyām)	पाके॑भ्यः (pā́kebhyaḥ)
ablative	पाका॑त् (pā́kāt)	पाका॑भ्याम् (pā́kābhyām)	पाके॑भ्यः (pā́kebhyaḥ)
genitive	पाक॑स्य (pā́kasya)	पाक॑योः (pā́kayoḥ)	पाका॑नाम् (pā́kānām)
locative	पाके॑ (pā́ke)	पाक॑योः (pā́kayoḥ)	पाके॑षु (pā́keṣu)
vocative	पाक॑ (pā́ka)	पाके॑ (pā́ke)	पाका॑नि (pā́kāni) पाका॑¹ (pā́kā¹)

• ¹Vedic

Derived terms

• पा॒क॒त्रा (pākatrā́)
• पा॒क॒वत् (pākavát)

Noun

पाक • (pāka) stem, m

1. the young of an animal
2. a child, infant

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of पाक

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	पाकः (pākaḥ)	पाकौ (pākau)	पाकाः (pākāḥ)
accusative	पाकम् (pākam)	पाकौ (pākau)	पाकान् (pākān)
instrumental	पाकेन (pākena)	पाकाभ्याम् (pākābhyām)	पाकैः (pākaiḥ)
dative	पाकाय (pākāya)	पाकाभ्याम् (pākābhyām)	पाकेभ्यः (pākebhyaḥ)
ablative	पाकात् (pākāt)	पाकाभ्याम् (pākābhyām)	पाकेभ्यः (pākebhyaḥ)
genitive	पाकस्य (pākasya)	पाकयोः (pākayoḥ)	पाकानाम् (pākānām)
locative	पाके (pāke)	पाकयोः (pākayoḥ)	पाकेषु (pākeṣu)
vocative	पाक (pāka)	पाकौ (pākau)	पाकाः (pākāḥ)

References

• Monier Williams (1899), “पाक”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, pages 613/3, 614/1.

Further reading

• Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996), Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), volume II, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 115