समास

Hindi

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit समास (samāsa).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Hindi) IPA^(key): /sə.mɑːs/, [sɐ.mäːs]

Noun

समास • (samās) m (Urdu spelling سماس)

1. combination, composition
2. (grammar) a compound word

Declension

Declension of समास (masc cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	समास samās	समास samās
oblique	समास samās	समासों samāsõ
vocative	समास samās	समासो samāso

References

• McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993), “समास”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
• Platts, John T. (1884), “समास”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.

Pali

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

• samāsa (Latin script)
• 𑀲𑀫𑀸𑀲 (Brahmi script)
• সমাস (Bengali script)
• සමාස (Sinhalese script)
• သမာသ or သမႃသ (Burmese script)
• สมาส or สะมาสะ (Thai script)
• ᩈᨾᩣᩈ (Tai Tham script)
• ສມາສ or ສະມາສະ (Lao script)
• សមាស (Khmer script)
• 𑄥𑄟𑄂𑄥 (Chakma script)

Noun

समास m

1. Devanagari script form of samāsa

Declension

Declension table of "समास" (masculine)

Case \ Number	Singular	Plural
Nominative (first)	समासो (samāso)	समासा (samāsā)
Accusative (second)	समासं (samāsaṃ)	समासे (samāse)
Instrumental (third)	समासेन (samāsena)	समासेहि (samāsehi) or समासेभि (samāsebhi)
Dative (fourth)	समासस्स (samāsassa) or समासाय (samāsāya) or समासत्थं (samāsatthaṃ)	समासानं (samāsānaṃ)
Ablative (fifth)	समासस्मा (samāsasmā) or समासम्हा (samāsamhā) or समासा (samāsā)	समासेहि (samāsehi) or समासेभि (samāsebhi)
Genitive (sixth)	समासस्स (samāsassa)	समासानं (samāsānaṃ)
Locative (seventh)	समासस्मिं (samāsasmiṃ) or समासम्हि (samāsamhi) or समासे (samāse)	समासेसु (samāsesu)
Vocative (calling)	समास (samāsa)	समासा (samāsā)

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• সমাস (Assamese script)
• ᬲᬫᬵᬲ (Balinese script)
• সমাস (Bengali script)
• 𑰭𑰦𑰯𑰭 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀲𑀫𑀸𑀲 (Brahmi script)
• သမာသ (Burmese script)
• સમાસ (Gujarati script)
• ਸਮਾਸ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌸𑌮𑌾𑌸 (Grantha script)
• ꦱꦩꦴꦱ (Javanese script)
• 𑂮𑂧𑂰𑂮 (Kaithi script)
• ಸಮಾಸ (Kannada script)
• សមាស (Khmer script)
• ສມາສ (Lao script)
• സമാസ (Malayalam script)
• ᠰᠠᠮᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᠰ᠌ᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘭𑘦𑘰𑘭 (Modi script)
• ᠰᠠᠮᠠᢗᠰᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧍𑧆𑧑𑧍 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐳𑐩𑐵𑐳 (Newa script)
• ସମାସ (Odia script)
• ꢱꢪꢵꢱ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆱𑆩𑆳𑆱 (Sharada script)
• 𑖭𑖦𑖯𑖭 (Siddham script)
• සමාස (Sinhalese script)
• 𑪁𑩴𑩛𑪁 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚨𑚢𑚭𑚨 (Takri script)
• ஸமாஸ (Tamil script)
• సమాస (Telugu script)
• สมาส (Thai script)
• ས་མཱ་ས (Tibetan script)
• 𑒮𑒧𑒰𑒮 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨰𑨢𑨊𑨰 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From सम्- (sam-) +‎ आस (āsa).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /sɐ.mɑː.sɐ/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /s̪ɐ.mɑː.s̪ɐ/

Noun

समास • (samāsa) stem, m

1. throwing or putting together, aggregation, conjunction, combination, connection, union, totality
2. succinctness, conciseness, condensation
3. (grammar) composition of words, a compound word (of which there are 6 kinds according to native grammarians, viz. dvaṃdva, bahuvrīhi, karmadhāraya, tatpuruṣa, dvigu, and avyayībhāva, an improper compound is called asthānasamāsa)
4. euphonic combination

   Synonym: संधि (saṃdhi)

5. (astronomy) a particular circle
6. composition of differences, reconciliation

   Synonym: समर्थन (samarthana)

7. the part of a śloka given for completion

   Synonym: समस्या (samasyā)

8. abiding together, connection

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of समास

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	समासः (samāsaḥ)	समासौ (samāsau) समासा¹ (samāsā¹)	समासाः (samāsāḥ) समासासः¹ (samāsāsaḥ¹)
accusative	समासम् (samāsam)	समासौ (samāsau) समासा¹ (samāsā¹)	समासान् (samāsān)
instrumental	समासेन (samāsena)	समासाभ्याम् (samāsābhyām)	समासैः (samāsaiḥ) समासेभिः¹ (samāsebhiḥ¹)
dative	समासाय (samāsāya)	समासाभ्याम् (samāsābhyām)	समासेभ्यः (samāsebhyaḥ)
ablative	समासात् (samāsāt)	समासाभ्याम् (samāsābhyām)	समासेभ्यः (samāsebhyaḥ)
genitive	समासस्य (samāsasya)	समासयोः (samāsayoḥ)	समासानाम् (samāsānām)
locative	समासे (samāse)	समासयोः (samāsayoḥ)	समासेषु (samāseṣu)
vocative	समास (samāsa)	समासौ (samāsau) समासा¹ (samāsā¹)	समासाः (samāsāḥ) समासासः¹ (samāsāsaḥ¹)

• ¹Vedic

Descendants

• Pali: samāsa
  • → Thai: สมาส (sà-màat)
• Prakrit: 𑀲𑀫𑀸𑀲 (samāsa)
• → Hindustani: (learned)

  Hindi: समास (samās)

  Urdu: سماس (samās)

• → Telugu: సమాసము (samāsamu)

Further reading

• Monier Williams (1899), “समास”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1158.
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “samāsa”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press