ḥtp

See also: Htp

Egyptian

FWOTD – 27 May 2014

Pronunciation

(participle:)

 

• (reconstructed) IPA^(key): /ˈħaːtip/ → /ˈħaːtip/ → /ˈħoːtəp/

• (Old Egyptian, c. 2500 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈħaːtip/
• (Middle Egyptian, c. 1700 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈħaːtip/
• (latest Late Egyptian, c. 800 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈħoːtəp/

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /hɛtɛp/, /hotɛp/
  • Conventional anglicization: hetep, hotep

Noun

 m

1. peace, satisfaction
   • 12th Dynasty, Stela of Amenemhat, British Museum, Egyptian Antiquities, E567:

     ḏd.t(w) n.f jjw m ḥtp jn wrw nw ꜣbḏw

     May "welcome in peace" be said to him by the great of Abydos.

2. an altar
3. an offering, sacrifice
   • Standard Offering formula:

     ḥtp-ḏj-nswt wsjr nb ḏdw nṯr ꜥꜣ nb ꜣbḏw […]

     A royal offering of Osiris, Lord of Djedu, the Great God, Lord of Abydos, […]

Inflection

Declension of ḥtp (masculine)

singular	ḥtp
dual	ḥtpwj
plural	ḥtpw

Derived terms

• jj-m-ḥtp
• m ḥtp
• nfr-ḥtp.s
• ḥtp-ḏj
• ḥtp-ḏj-nswt

 

Proper noun

 m

1. a male given name, Hetep or Hotep

Verb

 3-lit.

1. (transitive) to satisfy, to make content
2. (intransitive) to be(come) content or satisfied (+ m: with)
   • c. 1900 BCE, The Instructions of Kagemni (pPrisse/pBN 183) lines 1.8–1.9:

     jr swrj.k ḥnꜥ tḫw šzp.k jw jb.f ḥtp.w

     If you drink with a drunkard, you should partake when his heart is satisfied.

3. (intransitive) to (go to) rest, to be(come) at peace
4. (intransitive, of the sun) to set

Inflection

Conjugation of ḥtp (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: ḥtp, geminated stem: ḥtpp

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive1	singular	plural
ḥtp	ḥtpw, ḥtp	ḥtpt	ḥtp	ḥtp

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective2		periphrastic prospective2
ḥtp	ḥr ḥtp	m ḥtp	r ḥtp

suffix conjugation
aspect / mood	active	passive	contingent
			aspect / mood	active	passive
perfect	ḥtp.n	ḥtpw, ḥtp	consecutive	ḥtp.jn	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
terminative	ḥtpt
perfective3	ḥtp	active + .tj1, .tw2	obligative1	ḥtp.ḫr	active + .tj1, .tw2
imperfective	ḥtp	active + .tj1, .tw2
prospective3	ḥtp	ḥtpp	potentialis1	ḥtp.kꜣ	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
subjunctive	ḥtp	active + .tj1, .tw2

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms		participles
	active	passive	active	passive
perfect	ḥtp.n	active + .tj1, .tw2	—	—
perfective	ḥtp	active + .tj1, .tw2	ḥtp	ḥtp, ḥtpw5, ḥtpy5
imperfective	ḥtp, ḥtpy, ḥtpw5	active + .tj1, .tw2	ḥtp, ḥtpj6, ḥtpy6	ḥtp, ḥtpw5
prospective	ḥtp, ḥtptj7	—	ḥtptj4, ḥtpt4
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. Only in the masculine singular. Only in the masculine. Only in the feminine.

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of ḥtp  

ḥtp

Derived terms

• jꜥḥ-ḥtp
• jmn-ḥtp
• nfr-ḥtp
• nt-ḥtp
• rꜥ-ḥtp
• ḥtpw
• ḥtp-ḥr.s
• ḥtp-sḫmwj
• ḥtpt
• sbk-ḥtp
• sḥtp

 

Descendants

• Demotic: ḥtp
  • Coptic: ϩⲱⲧⲡ (hōtp)
• → English: hotep

References

• James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 274.
• Hoch, James (1997) Middle Egyptian Grammar, Mississauga: Benben Publications, →ISBN, page 70