南極

See also: 南极

Chinese

		south	utmost; pole; extreme utmost; pole; extreme; to reach the limit
trad. (南極)		南	極
simp. (南极)		南	极

Etymology

First attested in Kunyu Wanguo Quantu [1602].

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): Nánjí

  (Zhuyin): ㄋㄢˊ ㄐㄧˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): naam⁴ gik⁶
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): Nàm-khi̍t

  (Hailu, HRS): nam kid^ˋ

• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): nang² gih⁷
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): Lâm-ke̍k / Lâm-kia̍k

  (Teochew, Peng'im): lam⁵ gêg⁸

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: Nánjí
    • Zhuyin: ㄋㄢˊ ㄐㄧˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: Nánjí
    • Wade–Giles: Nan²-chi²
    • Yale: Nán-jí
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Nanjyi
    • Palladius: Наньцзи (Nanʹczi)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /nän³⁵ t͡ɕi³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: naam⁴ gik⁶
    • Yale: nàahm gihk
    • Cantonese Pinyin: naam⁴ gik⁹
    • Guangdong Romanization: nam⁴ gig⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /naːm²¹ kɪk̚²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: Nàm-khi̍t
    • Hakka Romanization System: nam^ˇ kid
    • Hagfa Pinyim: nam² kid⁶
    • Sinological IPA: /nam¹¹ kʰit̚⁵/
  • (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
    • Hakka Romanization System: nam kid^ˋ
    • Sinological IPA: /nam⁵⁵ kʰit²/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: nang² gih⁷ [Phonetic: nang⁵ gih⁷]
    • Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: náng-gi̍h
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /naŋ¹³⁻¹¹ kiʔ⁴/
  • (Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: nang² gih⁷ [Phonetic: nang⁵ gih⁷]
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /naŋ²⁴⁻²¹ kiʔ⁴/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Lâm-ke̍k
    • Tâi-lô: Lâm-ki̍k
    • Phofsit Daibuun: lamkek
    • Sinological IPA (Taipei): /lam²⁴⁻¹¹ kiɪk̚⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /lam²⁴⁻²² kiɪk̚⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /lam²³⁻³³ kiɪk̚⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /lam¹³⁻²² kiɪk̚¹²¹/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Lâm-kia̍k
    • Tâi-lô: Lâm-kia̍k
    • Phofsit Daibuun: lamkiak
    • Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /lam²⁴⁻²² kiak̚²⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: lam⁵ gêg⁸
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: lâm ke̍k
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /lam⁵⁵⁻¹¹ kek̚⁴/

Proper noun

南極

1. the South Pole

Derived terms

• 南極半島 / 南极半岛 (Nánjí Bàndǎo)
• 南極圈 / 南极圈 (Nánjíquān)
• 南極洲 / 南极洲 (Nánjízhōu)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (南極):

• → Japanese: 南極(なんきょく) (Nankyoku)
• → Korean: 남극(南極) (Namgeuk)
• → Vietnamese: Nam cực (南極)

See also

• 北極／北极 (Běijí)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
南	極
なん Grade: 2	きょく Grade: 4
on'yomi

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) なんきょく [nàńkyókú] (Heiban – [0])
• IPA^(key): [nã̠ŋʲkʲo̞kɯ̟]

Noun

南(なん)極(きょく) • (nankyoku) 

1. ellipsis of 南極圏: south polar region

Proper noun

南(なん)極(きょく) • (Nankyoku) 

1. South Pole
2. Antarctica (the southernmost continent, south of the Southern Ocean, containing the South Pole)

Synonyms

• (south polar region): 南(なん)極(きょく)大(たい)陸(りく) (nankyoku-tairiku): Antarctica
• (south pole): 南(なん)極(きょく)点(てん) (nankyokuten): South Pole

Antonyms

• (antonym(s) of “north polar region”): 北(ほっ)極(きょく) (hokkyoku)
• (antonym(s) of “north pole”): 北(ほっ)極(きょく)点(てん) (hokkyokuten): North Pole

Coordinate terms

Landmasses: 六(ろく)大(たい)陸(りく) (rokutairiku)edit

• アフリカ (Afurika)
• アメリカ (Amerika)
  • 北(きた)アメリカ (Kita Amerika)
  • 南(みなみ)アメリカ (Minami Amerika)
• オーストラリア (Ōsutoraria)
• 南(なん)極(きょく) (Nankyoku)
• ユーラシア (Yūrashia)

References

• “南極”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026

• Ineko Kondō, Fumi Takano, Mary E. Althaus, et al. (2002), Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, third edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term
南	極

Noun

南極 • (namgeuk) (hangeul 남극)

1. hanja form^? of 남극 (“south pole”)

Proper noun

南極 • (Namgeuk) (hangeul 남극)

1. hanja form^? of 남극 :
   1. South Pole
   2. Antarctica (the southernmost continent, south of the Southern Ocean, containing the South Pole)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
南	極

Noun

南極

1. chữ Hán form of nam cực (“south pole”)

Proper noun

南極

1. chữ Hán form of Nam cực (“the South Pole”)