固執

See also: 固执

Chinese

		hard; strong; solid hard; strong; solid; sure	execute (a plan); grasp
trad. (固執)		固	執
simp. (固执)		固	执

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): gùzhi, gùzhí

  (Zhuyin): ㄍㄨˋ ˙ㄓ, ㄍㄨˋ ㄓˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): gu³ zap¹
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): ku-chṳp
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kò͘-chip

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Mainland)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: gùzhi
    • Zhuyin: ㄍㄨˋ ˙ㄓ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: gùjhi̊h
    • Wade–Giles: ku⁴-chih⁵
    • Yale: gù-jr
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: guh.jy
    • Palladius: гучжи (gučži)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ku⁵¹ ɖ͡ʐ̥ʐ̩¹/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: gùzhí
    • Zhuyin: ㄍㄨˋ ㄓˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: gùjhíh
    • Wade–Giles: ku⁴-chih²
    • Yale: gù-jŕ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: guhjyr
    • Palladius: гучжи (gučži)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ku⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: gu³ zap¹
    • Yale: gu jāp
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gu³ dzap⁷
    • Guangdong Romanization: gu³ zeb¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kuː³³ t͡sɐp̚⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ku-chṳp
    • Hakka Romanization System: gu ziib`
    • Hagfa Pinyim: gu⁴ zib⁵
    • Sinological IPA: /ku⁵⁵ t͡sɨp̚²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kò͘-chip
    • Tâi-lô: kòo-tsip
    • Phofsit Daibuun: korcib
    • IPA (Xiamen): /kɔ²¹⁻⁵³ t͡sip̚³²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kɔ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ t͡sip̚⁵/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kɔ²¹⁻⁵³ t͡sip̚³²/
    • IPA (Taipei): /kɔ¹¹⁻⁵³ t͡sip̚³²/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kɔ²¹⁻⁴¹ t͡sip̚³²/

Adjective

(deprecated template usage) 固執

1. stubborn; obstinate

Synonyms

• 乖張／乖张 (guāizhāng)
• 頑固／顽固 (wángù)
• 執拗／执拗 (zhíniù)

Verb

固執

1. to stubbornly stick with; to persist in; to cling to

Derived terms

(deprecated template usage)

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Japanese

Kanji in this term
固	執
こ Grade: 4	しゅう Grade: S

Kanji in this term
固	執
こ Grade: 4	しつ Grade: S

Noun

固(こ)執(しゅう) or 固(こ)執(しつ) • (koshū or koshitsu) 

1. persistence

Verb

固(こ)執(しゅう)する or 固(こ)執(しつ)する • (koshū suru or koshitsu suru) intransitive suru (stem 固(こ)執(しゅう)し (koshū shi), past 固(こ)執(しゅう)した (koshū shita))

1. persist in one's view; stick, cling to one's belief; insist on doing

Conjugation

Conjugation of "固執する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	固執し	こしつし	koshitsu shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	固執し	こしつし	koshitsu shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	固執する	こしつする	koshitsu suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	固執する	こしつする	koshitsu suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	固執すれ	こしつすれ	koshitsu sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	固執せよ¹ 固執しろ²	こしつせよ¹ こしつしろ²	koshitsu seyo¹ koshitsu shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	固執される	こしつされる	koshitsu sareru
Causative	固執させる 固執さす	こしつさせる こしつさす	koshitsu saseru koshitsu sasu
Potential	固執できる	こしつできる	koshitsu dekiru
Volitional	固執しよう	こしつしよう	koshitsu shiyō
Negative	固執しない	こしつしない	koshitsu shinai
Negative continuative	固執せず	こしつせず	koshitsu sezu
Formal	固執します	こしつします	koshitsu shimasu
Perfective	固執した	こしつした	koshitsu shita
Conjunctive	固執して	こしつして	koshitsu shite
Hypothetical conditional	固執すれば	こしつすれば	koshitsu sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

Synonyms

• 偏執(へんしゅう) (henshū)

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Korean

Hanja in this term
固	執

Noun

固執 • (gojip) (hangeul 고집)

1. Hanja form^? of 고집 (“stubbornness”).

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Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
固	執

Adjective

固執

1. Template:han tu form of