寶馬

See also: 宝马

Chinese

		a jewel or gem; a treasure; precious	horse; surname
trad. (寶馬)		寶	馬
simp. (宝马)		宝	马
anagram		馬寶／马宝

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): bǎomǎ

  (Zhuyin): ㄅㄠˇ ㄇㄚˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): bou² maa⁵

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: bǎomǎ [Phonetic: báomǎ]
    • Zhuyin: ㄅㄠˇ ㄇㄚˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: bǎomǎ
    • Wade–Giles: pao³-ma³
    • Yale: bǎu-mǎ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: baomaa
    • Palladius: баома (baoma)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: bou² maa⁵
    • Yale: bóu máh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: bou² maa⁵
    • Guangdong Romanization: bou² ma⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pou̯³⁵ maː¹³/

---

• Middle Chinese: pawX maeX

Rime
Character	寶	馬
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	幫 (1)	明 (4)
Final (韻)	豪 (89)	麻 (98)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	II
Fanqie	博抱切	莫下切
Baxter	pawX	maeX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/pɑuX/	/mˠaX/
Pan Wuyun	/pɑuX/	/mᵚaX/
Shao Rongfen	/pɑuX/	/maX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/pawX/	/maɨX/
Li Rong	/pɑuX/	/maX/
Wang Li	/pɑuX/	/maX/
Bernard Karlgren	/pɑuX/	/maX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	bǎo	mǎ
Expected Cantonese Reflex	bou2	maa5

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*pˤuʔ  mˤraʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*puːʔ  mraːʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	寶	馬
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	bǎo	mǎ
Middle Chinese	‹ pawX ›	‹ mæX ›
Old Chinese	/*pˁuʔ/	/*mˁraʔ/
English	precious thing	horse
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	寶	馬
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	3264	8715
Phonetic component	缶	馬
Rime group	幽	魚
Rime subdivision	1	0
Corresponding MC rime	寶	馬
Old Chinese	/*puːʔ/	/*mraːʔ/

Etymology 1

Noun

(deprecated template usage) 寶馬

1. precious horse; treasure horse

   貳師馬，宛寶馬也。 [MSC, trad.]
   贰师马，宛宝马也。 [MSC, simp.]

   From: 《史記•大宛列傳》

   Èrshī mǎ, Wǎn bǎomǎ yě. [Pinyin]

   (please add an English translation of this usage example)

Etymology 2

Phono-semantic matching of German BMW.

Proper noun

(deprecated template usage) 寶馬

1. (Mainland China, Hong Kong) BMW (brand and car)