打つ
Appearance
Japanese
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 打 |
| う Grade: 3 |
| kun'yomi |
| Alternative spelling |
|---|
| 撲つ |
From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *ut-. Cognate with Miyako 打つぃ (utsï).
Pronunciation
[edit]- Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of 打つ
| Plain | 打つ | うつ | [úꜜtsù] |
|---|---|---|---|
| Conjunctive | 打って | うって | [úꜜttè] |
| Perfective | 打った | うった | [úꜜttà] |
| Negative | 打たない | うたない | [ùtáꜜnàì] |
| Negative perfective | 打たなかった | うたなかった | [ùtáꜜnàkàttà] |
| Hypothetical conditional | 打てば | うてば | [úꜜtèbà] |
| Past conditional | 打ったら | うったら | [úꜜttàrà] |
| Imperative | 打て | うて | [úꜜtè] |
| Volitional | 打とう | うとー | [ùtóꜜò] |
| Desiderative | 打ちたい | うちたい | [ùchítáꜜì] |
| Formal | 打ちます | うちます | [ùchímáꜜsù] |
| Formal negative | 打ちません | うちません | [ùchímáséꜜǹ] |
| Formal volitional | 打ちましょう | うちましょー | [ùchímáshóꜜò] |
| Formal perfective | 打ちました | うちました | [ùchímáꜜshìtà] |
| Continuative | 打ち 打ちに |
うち うちに |
[úꜜchì] [úꜜchì nì] |
| Negative continuative | 打たず 打たずに |
うたず うたずに |
[ùtáꜜzù] [ùtáꜜzù nì] |
| Passive | 打たれる | うたれる | [ùtáréꜜrù] |
| Causative | 打たせる 打たす |
うたせる うたす |
[ùtáséꜜrù] [ùtáꜜsù] |
| Potential | 打てる | うてる | [ùtéꜜrù] |
Verb
[edit]打つ • (utsu) transitive godan (stem 打ち (uchi), past 打った (utta))
- to hit, to beat, to strike
- 親に打たれる ― oya ni utareru ― to be hit by a parent
- 壁に頭を打ってしまった。
- Kabe ni atama o utteshimatta.
- I've hit my head on the wall.
- (baseball) to hit
- ヒットを打つ ― hitto o utsu ― to make a hit
- ホームランを打つ ― hōmuran o utsu ― to hit a home run
- (computing) to type
- キーボードを打つ ― kībōdo o utsu ― to use a keyboard
- 長文を打つ ― chōbun o utsu ― to type out a long passage
- 文字を打つ ― moji o utsu ― to type text
- (of a feeling) to strike; to move
- 1914, 夏目漱石 [Natsume Sōseki], chapter 36, in こゝろ [Kokoro], 下 先生と遺書 [Sensei's Testament]:
- 私は面倒よりも不思議の感に打たれました。
- Watakushi wa mendō yori mo fushigi no kan ni utaremashita.
- Rather than being troubled, I was struck by a sense of strangeness.
- (shogi) to drop
- (cooking) to make noodles
- (medicine) to administer a shot
- 注射を打つ ― chūsha o utsu ― to administer an injection
Conjugation
[edit]| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 打た | うた | uta |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 打ち | うち | uchi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 打つ | うつ | utsu |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 打つ | うつ | utsu |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 打て | うて | ute |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 打て | うて | ute |
| Key constructions | |||
| Passive | 打たれる | うたれる | utareru |
| Causative | 打たせる 打たす |
うたせる うたす |
utaseru utasu |
| Potential | 打てる | うてる | uteru |
| Volitional | 打とう | うとう | utō |
| Negative | 打たない | うたない | utanai |
| Negative continuative | 打たず | うたず | utazu |
| Formal | 打ちます | うちます | uchimasu |
| Perfective | 打った | うった | utta |
| Conjunctive | 打って | うって | utte |
| Hypothetical conditional | 打てば | うてば | uteba |
| Stem forms | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Irrealis (未然形) | 打た | うた | uta |
| Continuative (連用形) | 打ち | うち | uti |
| Terminal (終止形) | 打つ | うつ | utu |
| Attributive (連体形) | 打つ | うつ | utu |
| Realis (已然形) | 打て | うて | ute |
| Imperative (命令形) | 打て | うて | ute |
| Key constructions | |||
| Negative | 打たず | うたず | utazu |
| Contrasting conjunction | 打てど | うてど | utedo |
| Causal conjunction | 打てば | うてば | uteba |
| Conditional conjunction | 打たば | うたば | utaba |
| Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | 打ちき | うちき | utiki |
| Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | 打ちけり | うちけり | utikeri |
| Perfect tense (conscious action) | 打ちつ | うちつ | utitu |
| Perfect tense (natural event) | 打ちぬ | うちぬ | utinu |
| Perfect-continuative tense | 打てり 打ちたり |
うてり うちたり |
uteri utitari |
| Volitional | 打たむ | うたむ | utamu |
Hypernyms
[edit]- (to make noodles): 作る (tsukuru)
See also
[edit]- 撃つ (utsu, “to fire a weapon”)
Etymology 2
[edit]| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 打 |
| ぶ Grade: 3 |
| kun'yomi |
| Alternative spellings |
|---|
| 撲つ 撃つ 殴つ (rare) |
Shift from 打つ (utsu).
Pronunciation
[edit]- Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of 打つ
| Plain | 打つ | ぶつ | [búꜜtsù] |
|---|---|---|---|
| Conjunctive | 打って | ぶって | [búꜜttè] |
| Perfective | 打った | ぶった | [búꜜttà] |
| Negative | 打たない | ぶたない | [bùtáꜜnàì] |
| Negative perfective | 打たなかった | ぶたなかった | [bùtáꜜnàkàttà] |
| Hypothetical conditional | 打てば | ぶてば | [búꜜtèbà] |
| Past conditional | 打ったら | ぶったら | [búꜜttàrà] |
| Imperative | 打て | ぶて | [búꜜtè] |
| Volitional | 打とう | ぶとー | [bùtóꜜò] |
| Desiderative | 打ちたい | ぶちたい | [bùchítáꜜì] |
| Formal | 打ちます | ぶちます | [bùchímáꜜsù] |
| Formal negative | 打ちません | ぶちません | [bùchímáséꜜǹ] |
| Formal volitional | 打ちましょう | ぶちましょー | [bùchímáshóꜜò] |
| Formal perfective | 打ちました | ぶちました | [bùchímáꜜshìtà] |
| Continuative | 打ち 打ちに |
ぶち ぶちに |
[búꜜchì] [búꜜchì nì] |
| Negative continuative | 打たず 打たずに |
ぶたず ぶたずに |
[bùtáꜜzù] [bùtáꜜzù nì] |
| Passive | 打たれる | ぶたれる | [bùtáréꜜrù] |
| Causative | 打たせる 打たす |
ぶたせる ぶたす |
[bùtáséꜜrù] [bùtáꜜsù] |
| Potential | 打てる | ぶてる | [bùtéꜜrù] |
Verb
[edit]打つ • (butsu) transitive godan (stem 打ち (buchi), past 打った (butta))
Conjugation
[edit]| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 打た | ぶた | buta |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 打ち | ぶち | buchi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 打つ | ぶつ | butsu |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 打つ | ぶつ | butsu |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 打て | ぶて | bute |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 打て | ぶて | bute |
| Key constructions | |||
| Passive | 打たれる | ぶたれる | butareru |
| Causative | 打たせる 打たす |
ぶたせる ぶたす |
butaseru butasu |
| Potential | 打てる | ぶてる | buteru |
| Volitional | 打とう | ぶとう | butō |
| Negative | 打たない | ぶたない | butanai |
| Negative continuative | 打たず | ぶたず | butazu |
| Formal | 打ちます | ぶちます | buchimasu |
| Perfective | 打った | ぶった | butta |
| Conjunctive | 打って | ぶって | butte |
| Hypothetical conditional | 打てば | ぶてば | buteba |
| Stem forms | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Irrealis (未然形) | 打た | ぶた | buta |
| Continuative (連用形) | 打ち | ぶち | buti |
| Terminal (終止形) | 打つ | ぶつ | butu |
| Attributive (連体形) | 打つ | ぶつ | butu |
| Realis (已然形) | 打て | ぶて | bute |
| Imperative (命令形) | 打て | ぶて | bute |
| Key constructions | |||
| Negative | 打たず | ぶたず | butazu |
| Contrasting conjunction | 打てど | ぶてど | butedo |
| Causal conjunction | 打てば | ぶてば | buteba |
| Conditional conjunction | 打たば | ぶたば | butaba |
| Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | 打ちき | ぶちき | butiki |
| Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | 打ちけり | ぶちけり | butikeri |
| Perfect tense (conscious action) | 打ちつ | ぶちつ | butitu |
| Perfect tense (natural event) | 打ちぬ | ぶちぬ | butinu |
| Perfect-continuative tense | 打てり 打ちたり |
ぶてり ぶちたり |
buteri butitari |
| Volitional | 打たむ | ぶたむ | butamu |
References
[edit]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
- ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1974), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Second edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō
- “打つ”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia][1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026
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- Japanese godan verbs ending with -tsu
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- ja:Baseball
- ja:Computing
- Japanese terms with quotations
- ja:Shogi
- ja:Cooking
- ja:Medicine
- Japanese terms spelled with 打 read as ぶ