欠伸
Chinese
deficient; owe; to lack deficient; owe; to lack; yawn |
to stretch; to extend | ||
---|---|---|---|
simp. and trad. (欠伸) |
欠 | 伸 | |
alternative forms | 欠申 |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄢˋ ㄕㄣ
- Tongyong Pinyin: ciànshen
- Wade–Giles: chʻien4-shên1
- Yale: chyàn-shēn
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chiannshen
- Palladius: цяньшэнь (cjanʹšɛnʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn⁵¹ ʂən⁵⁵/
- Homophones:
[Show/Hide] 欠伸
欠身
- (Standard Chinese)
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: him3 san1
- Yale: him sān
- Cantonese Pinyin: him3 san1
- Guangdong Romanization: him3 sen1
- Sinological IPA (key): /hiːm³³ sɐn⁵⁵/
- Homophones:
欠伸
欠身
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
Verb
欠伸
Japanese
Etymology 1
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
欠 | 伸 |
Grade: 4 | Grade: S |
irregular |
Alternative spelling |
---|
缺伸 (kyūjitai) |
Attested in The Pillow Book, completed in 1002.
The 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of 欠ぶ (akubu, “to yawn”).
The kanji spelling is jukujikun (熟字訓), borrowed from Chinese 欠伸 (qiànshēn).
Alternative forms
Pronunciation
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Noun
Derived terms
Idioms
- 欠伸を噛み殺す (akubi o kamikorosu)
Verb
欠伸する • (akubi suru) suru (stem 欠伸し (akubi shi), past 欠伸した (akubi shita))
- to yawn
Conjugation
Conjugation of "欠伸する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 欠伸し | あくびし | akubi shi | |
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 欠伸し | あくびし | akubi shi | |
Shūshikei ("terminal") | 欠伸する | あくびする | akubi suru | |
Rentaikei ("attributive") | 欠伸する | あくびする | akubi suru | |
Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 欠伸すれ | あくびすれ | akubi sure | |
Meireikei ("imperative") | 欠伸せよ¹ 欠伸しろ² |
あくびせよ¹ あくびしろ² |
akubi seyo¹ akubi shiro² | |
Key constructions | ||||
Passive | 欠伸される | あくびされる | akubi sareru | |
Causative | 欠伸させる 欠伸さす |
あくびさせる あくびさす |
akubi saseru akubi sasu | |
Potential | 欠伸できる | あくびできる | akubi dekiru | |
Volitional | 欠伸しよう | あくびしよう | akubi shiyō | |
Negative | 欠伸しない | あくびしない | akubi shinai | |
Negative continuative | 欠伸せず | あくびせず | akubi sezu | |
Formal | 欠伸します | あくびします | akubi shimasu | |
Perfective | 欠伸した | あくびした | akubi shita | |
Conjunctive | 欠伸して | あくびして | akubi shite | |
Hypothetical conditional | 欠伸すれば | あくびすれば | akubi sureba | |
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative |
Etymology 2
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
欠 | 伸 |
けん Grade: 4 |
しん Grade: S |
on'yomi |
Alternative spelling |
---|
缺伸 (kyūjitai) |
Appears to be derived from Middle Chinese compound 欠伸 (MC khjaemH syin).
Pronunciation
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Noun
- yawning and stretching
References
Categories:
- Mandarin terms with homophones
- Cantonese terms with homophones
- Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
- Cantonese lemmas
- Chinese verbs
- Mandarin verbs
- Cantonese verbs
- Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Chinese terms spelled with 欠
- Chinese terms spelled with 伸
- Japanese terms spelled with 欠
- Japanese terms spelled with 伸
- Japanese terms read with irregular kanji readings
- Japanese terms spelled with jukujikun
- Japanese terms borrowed from Chinese
- Japanese terms derived from Chinese
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese nouns
- Japanese terms with multiple readings
- Japanese terms spelled with fourth grade kanji
- Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji
- Japanese terms with 2 kanji
- Japanese verbs
- Japanese suru verbs
- Japanese terms spelled with 欠 read as けん
- Japanese terms spelled with 伸 read as しん
- Japanese terms read with on'yomi
- Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese
- ja:Body language