進貢

See also: 进贡

Chinese

		advance; enter; to come in	tribute; gifts
trad. (進貢)		進	貢
simp. (进贡)		进	贡

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): jìngòng

  (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄣˋ ㄍㄨㄥˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zeon³ gung³
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chin-kung
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chìn-kòng

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: jìngòng
    • Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄣˋ ㄍㄨㄥˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jìngòng
    • Wade–Giles: chin⁴-kung⁴
    • Yale: jìn-gùng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jinngonq
    • Palladius: цзиньгун (czinʹgun)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕin⁵¹⁻⁵³ kʊŋ⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: zeon³ gung³
    • Yale: jeun gung
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzoen³ gung³
    • Guangdong Romanization: zên³ gung³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɵn³³ kʊŋ³³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chin-kung
    • Hakka Romanization System: jin gung
    • Hagfa Pinyim: jin⁴ gung⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sin⁵⁵ kuŋ⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chìn-kòng
    • Tâi-lô: tsìn-kòng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: cienkoxng
    • IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sin²¹⁻⁵³ kɔŋ²¹/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sin⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ kɔŋ⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sin²¹⁻⁵³ kɔŋ²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡sin¹¹⁻⁵³ kɔŋ¹¹/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sin²¹⁻⁴¹ kɔŋ²¹/

Verb

進貢

1. to offer tribute (to a suzerain or emperor); to pay tribute that a vassal owes to his suzerain
2. to grease or oil somebody's palm

---

Japanese

Kanji in this term
進	貢
しん Grade: 3	こう Grade: S
on’yomi

Noun

進(しん)貢(こう) • (shinkō) 

1. paying tribute

Verb

進(しん)貢(こう)する • (shinkō suru) suru (stem 進(しん)貢(こう)し (shinkō shi), past 進(しん)貢(こう)した (shinkō shita))

1. pay tribute

Conjugation

Conjugation of "進貢する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	進貢し	しんこうし	shinkō shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	進貢し	しんこうし	shinkō shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	進貢する	しんこうする	shinkō suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	進貢する	しんこうする	shinkō suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	進貢すれ	しんこうすれ	shinkō sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	進貢せよ¹ 進貢しろ²	しんこうせよ¹ しんこうしろ²	shinkō seyo¹ shinkō shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	進貢される	しんこうされる	shinkō sareru
Causative	進貢させる 進貢さす	しんこうさせる しんこうさす	shinkō saseru shinkō sasu
Potential	進貢できる	しんこうできる	shinkō dekiru
Volitional	進貢しよう	しんこうしよう	shinkō shiyō
Negative	進貢しない	しんこうしない	shinkō shinai
Negative continuative	進貢せず	しんこうせず	shinkō sezu
Formal	進貢します	しんこうします	shinkō shimasu
Perfective	進貢した	しんこうした	shinkō shita
Conjunctive	進貢して	しんこうして	shinkō shite
Hypothetical conditional	進貢すれば	しんこうすれば	shinkō sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative