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-inus

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

Latin

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Alternative forms

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Etymology 1

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    From Proto-Italic *-īnos, from Proto-Indo-European *-iHnos. Cognate with Ancient Greek -ινος (-inos) and Proto-Germanic *-īnaz.

    Pronunciation

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    Suffix

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    -īnus (feminine -īna, neuter -īnum); first/second-declension suffix

    1. Of or pertaining to; -ine; Can indicate a relationship of position, possession, or origin.
    Usage notes
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    The suffix -īnus is added to a noun base (especially a proper noun) to form an adjective.

    Examples:
    collis (hill) + ‎-īnus → ‎collīnus (of a hill, growing on a hill)
    fungus (mushroom, fungus) + ‎-īnus → ‎fungīnus (of a mushroom)
    Liguria (Liguria) + ‎-īnus → ‎Ligurīnus (Ligurian)
    Declension
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    First/second-declension adjective.

    singular plural
    masculine feminine neuter masculine feminine neuter
    nominative -īnus -īna -īnum -īnī -īnae -īna
    genitive -īnī -īnae -īnī -īnōrum -īnārum -īnōrum
    dative -īnō -īnae -īnō -īnīs
    accusative -īnum -īnam -īnum -īnōs -īnās -īna
    ablative -īnō -īnā -īnō -īnīs
    vocative -īne -īna -īnum -īnī -īnae -īna
    Synonyms
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    Derived terms
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    Descendants
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    • Catalan:
    • French: -in
    • English: -ine
    • Italian: -ino
    • Old Leonese: -ino
    • Old Galician-Portuguese: ĩo
    • Romanian: -in
    • Sicilian: -inu
    • Spanish: -ino
    • Galician: -ino
    • Portuguese: -ino

    Etymology 2

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    In most cases, a borrowing from Ancient Greek -ῐνος (-ĭnos), as in cannabinus (hempen; of hemp) from κᾰννᾰ́βῐνος (kănnắbĭnos) and prasinus (leek-green) from πράσῐνος (prásĭnos).

    In addition, traces of an inherited suffix -ĭnus can be found in some native Latin words, e.g. frāxinus (ash tree; of ash wood), although the inherited version seems to have become unproductive before the historical Latin period (and apparently was changed to -nus by syncope in a number of contexts).[1]

    Pronunciation

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    Suffix

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    -inus (feminine -ina, neuter -inum); first/second-declension suffix

    1. alternative form of -īnus (found especially in adjectives denoting colors or ones derived from the names of plants, spices, perfumes, minerals, or exotic cloths).[1]
    Declension
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    First/second-declension adjective.

    References

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    1. 1.0 1.1 Butler, Jonathan Lowell (1971), Latin -īnus, -īna, -ĭnus and -ĭneus: From Proto-Indo-European to the Romance Languages, pages 52-59