-ino
English[edit]
Etymology[edit]
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Suffix[edit]
-ino
- (physics) The fermionic supersymmetric partner of a boson (a bosino), symbolized by a tilde over the nonsupersymmetric particle symbol. Contrast with s-
- The supersymmetric partner of the photon is a photino.
- In supersymmetry theory, all bosons have fermionic counterparts, known as bosinos.
Derived terms[edit]
Related terms[edit]
Anagrams[edit]
Esperanto[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Suffix[edit]
-ino
- of feminine sex
- bovo (“head of cattle, bull”) + -ino → bovino (“cow”)
- ĉevalo (“horse, stallion”) + -ino → ĉevalino (“mare”)
- filo (“son”) + -ino → filino (“daughter”)
- fraŭlo (“bachelor”) + -ino → fraŭlino (“bachelorette, Miss”)
- karulo (“dear”) + -ino → karulino (fem.)
- knabo (“boy”) + -ino → knabino (“girl”)
- koko (“chicken, rooster”) + -ino → kokino (“hen”)
- koramiko (“boyfriend”) + -ino → koramikino (“girlfriend”)
- leono (“lion”) + -ino → leonino (“lioness”)
- lupo (“wolf”) + -ino → lupino (“she-wolf”)
- onklo (“uncle”) + -ino → onklino (“aunt”)
- patro (“father”) + -ino → patrino (“mother”)
- sinjoro (“Mister”) + -ino → sinjorino (“Madam, Mistress”)
- viro (“man”) + -ino → virino (“woman”)
- vulpo (“fox”) + -ino → vulpino (“vixen”)
Usage notes[edit]
Unqualified words for professions and animals do not assume either sex in modern usage, but this was not always the case. When Esperanto was created, people or animals not specifically specified female were traditionally assumed to be male. So, instruisto used to be assumed to mean a male teacher, and a female teacher was an instruistino; the title doktoro used to be assumed to be a man with a doctorate, for a woman it was doktorino. With animals, a bovo was assumed to be a bull, a cow was a bovino. Nowadays, instruisto means a teacher of either gender, though bovo may be either a head of cattle or a bull.
In modern usage, one should only assume a particular sex for family relationships, such as patro (“father”)/patrino (“mother”), edzo (“husband”)/edzino (“wife”), frato (“brother”)/fratino (“sister”), and certain titles, such as sinjoro (“Mister”)/sinjorino (“Missus”), fraŭlino (“Miss”), damo (“Dame”).
A common idiom to designate male animals is to make compounds with viro (“man”), such as virbovo for bull (although unidiomatically, this could mean a minotaur). L.L. Zamenhof, the founder of Esperanto, began this usage in the 1920s with his translation of Genesis, and it is now widespread. To designate male professionals, it is common to use the adjective vira, such as vira kelnero for a male waiter.
Of the several neologisms coined to be a male counterpart to -in-, the most frequently used is -iĉ-, which has appeared in some books, but does not have official recognition. For example, boviĉo would be a bull like bovino is a cow, and in such usage bovo would only be a head of cattle.
Antonyms[edit]
- -iĉo (“male”) (neologism)
See also[edit]
Ido[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Back-formation from femino (“female”).
Suffix[edit]
-ino
- suffix denoting femininity or a female
- avo (“grandparent”) + -ino → avino (“grandmother”)
- filio (“child, offspring”) + -ino → filiino (“daughter”)
- frato (“sibling”) + -ino → fratino (“sister”)
- kavalo (“horse”) + -ino → kavalino (“mare”)
- kuzo (“cousin”) + -ino → kuzino (“(female) cousin”)
- nepoto (“grandchild”) + -ino → nepotino (“granddaughter”)
- nevo (“nephew or niece, nibling”) + -ino → nevino (“niece”)
- onklo (“uncle or aunt”) + -ino → onklino (“aunt”)
- rejo (“monarch”) + -ino → rejino (“queen”)
- spozo (“spouse”) + -ino → spozino (“wife”)
- yuno (“child”) + -ino → yunino (“girl”)
- Synonym: -femino
- Antonym: -ulo
Derived terms[edit]
Italian[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
From Latin -īnus, from Proto-Indo-European *-iHnos. Compare English -ine.
Pronunciation[edit]
Suffix[edit]
-ino (plural -ini, feminine -ina, feminine plural -ine)
- Alterative suffix used to form diminutives.
- Derivational suffix used to form adjectives or nouns, specifically:
- Used to indicate a profession.
- ciabatta (“slipper”) + -ino → ciabattino (“shoe repairer”, “cobbler”)
- Used to indicate an ethnic or geographical origin.
- Alessandria (“Alessandria”; “Alexandria”) + -ino → alessandrino
- Used to indicate tools or instruments.
- Used to derive adjectives denoting composition, color or other qualities.
- smeraldo (“emerald”) + -ino → smeraldino (“emerald (relational); emerald green”)
- Used to indicate a profession.
Synonyms[edit]
Derived terms[edit]
Etymology 2[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
- IPA(key): /i.no/ (stress falls on the antepenultimate)
- Hyphenation: -i‧no
Suffix[edit]
-ino
- Used with a stem to form the third-person plural present subjunctive and imperative of regular -are verbs.
Anagrams[edit]
Latin[edit]
Suffix[edit]
-īnō
Portuguese[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
Borrowed from Latin -ine. Doublet of -inho.
Suffix[edit]
-ino m (feminine -ina, plural -inos, feminine plural -inas)
- -ine (of or relating to)
- diamante (“diamond”) + -ino → diamantino (“relating to diamonds”)
- -ine; -like (sharing some properties with; similar to)
- diamante (“diamond”) + -ino → diamantino (“diamond-like”)
- -ine; -er; -ese (forms demonyms (adjectives and nouns))
- Nova Iorque (“New York”) + -ino → nova-iorquino (“New Yorker”)
Derived terms[edit]
Etymology 2[edit]
Suffix[edit]
-ino m
Etymology 3[edit]
Suffix[edit]
-ino m
- (particle physics) -ino (forms the name of supersymmetric partners)
Spanish[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
From Latin -īnus, from Proto-Indo-European *-iHnos.
Alternative forms[edit]
- -ina (after feminine nouns)
Suffix[edit]
-ino m (plural -inos)
- A diminutive suffix for masculine nouns or adjectives.
Etymology 2[edit]
Suffix[edit]
-ino m (plural -inos)
- -ine (on adjectives)
- (organic chemistry) -yne
Derived terms[edit]
Further reading[edit]
- “-ino”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
- English lemmas
- English suffixes
- en:Physics
- English terms with usage examples
- Esperanto terms derived from German
- Esperanto terms with IPA pronunciation
- Esperanto terms with audio links
- Rhymes:Esperanto/ino
- Esperanto lemmas
- Esperanto suffixes
- Esperanto 1894 Universala Vortaro
- Words approved by the Akademio de Esperanto
- Esperanto BRO1
- Ido back-formations
- Ido lemmas
- Ido suffixes
- Ido noun-forming suffixes
- Italian terms inherited from Latin
- Italian terms derived from Latin
- Italian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Italian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Italian 2-syllable words
- Italian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Italian/ino
- Rhymes:Italian/ino/2 syllables
- Italian lemmas
- Italian suffixes
- Latin non-lemma forms
- Latin suffix forms
- Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Portuguese terms borrowed from Latin
- Portuguese terms derived from Latin
- Portuguese doublets
- Portuguese lemmas
- Portuguese suffixes
- Portuguese masculine suffixes
- Portuguese adjective-forming suffixes
- Portuguese noun-forming suffixes
- pt:Chemistry
- pt:Particle physics
- Spanish terms inherited from Latin
- Spanish terms derived from Latin
- Spanish terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Spanish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Spanish lemmas
- Spanish suffixes
- Spanish noun-forming suffixes
- Spanish countable nouns
- Spanish masculine suffixes
- Spanish diminutive suffixes
- es:Organic chemistry