-ino
English
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Italian -ino (“-ine, -o: forming diminutives”), from the dative form of Latin -īnus. In its use in physics, originally after the model of earlier neutrino, coined by Enrico Fermi in 1933. Internet slang usages gained currency in the second half of the 2010s.
Pronunciation
[edit]
Suffix
[edit]-ino
- (physics) The fermionic supersymmetric partner of a boson (a bosino), symbolized by a tilde over the nonsupersymmetric particle symbol.
- The supersymmetric partner of the photon is a photino.
- In supersymmetry theory, all bosons have fermionic counterparts, known as bosinos.
- (DoggoLingo) A diminutive or endearing suffix.
- (Internet slang, 4chan slang, derogatory) Used to mock progressives through association with DoggoLingo.
- 2020 January 31, @Styx666Official, Twitter[1]:
- How dare you motherfuckers suggest not to eat species known to carry pathogens able to infect humans NOOOOOO NOT THE HECKIN BAT SOUPERINOS!!!!!!
- 2020 April 2, u/BasicallyADoctor, “Not the doggos”, in Reddit[2]:
- Reddit: NOOO NOT THE HECKIN LIVES THAT MATTERINO! THIS IS LIKE THE HECKIN TRAYVON MARTINORINO! WHAT ABOUT THE RIGHT TO A FAIR TRIALARINO! EVERYONE DESERVES A SECOND CHANCEAROO!
Coordinate terms
[edit]- (physics): s-
Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]- “-ino, suffix”, in OED Online
, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2019.
Anagrams
[edit]Esperanto
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Suffix
[edit]-ino
- of feminine sex
- bovo (“head of cattle, bull”) + -ino → bovino (“cow”)
- ĉevalo (“horse, stallion”) + -ino → ĉevalino (“mare”)
- filo (“son”) + -ino → filino (“daughter”)
- fraŭlo (“bachelor”) + -ino → fraŭlino (“bachelorette, Miss”)
- karulo (“dear”) + -ino → karulino (fem.)
- knabo (“boy”) + -ino → knabino (“girl”)
- koko (“chicken, rooster”) + -ino → kokino (“hen”)
- koramiko (“boyfriend”) + -ino → koramikino (“girlfriend”)
- leono (“lion”) + -ino → leonino (“lioness”)
- lupo (“wolf”) + -ino → lupino (“she-wolf”)
- onklo (“uncle”) + -ino → onklino (“aunt”)
- patro (“father”) + -ino → patrino (“mother”)
- sinjoro (“Mister”) + -ino → sinjorino (“Madam, Mistress”)
- viro (“man”) + -ino → virino (“woman”)
- vulpo (“fox”) + -ino → vulpino (“vixen”)
- Coordinate term: (neologism) -iĉo (“male”)
Usage notes
[edit]Unqualified words for professions and animals do not assume either sex in modern usage, but this was not always the case. When Esperanto was created, people or animals not specifically specified female were traditionally assumed to be male. So, instruisto used to be assumed to mean a male teacher, and a female teacher was an instruistino; the title doktoro used to be assumed to be a man with a doctorate, for a woman it was doktorino. With animals, a bovo was assumed to be a bull, a cow was a bovino. Nowadays, instruisto means a teacher of either gender, though bovo may be either a head of cattle or a bull.
In modern usage, one should only assume a particular sex for family relationships, such as patro (“father”)/patrino (“mother”), edzo (“husband”)/edzino (“wife”), frato (“brother”)/fratino (“sister”), and certain titles, such as sinjoro (“Mister”)/sinjorino (“Missus”).
A common idiom to designate male animals is to make compounds with viro (“man”), such as virbovo for bull (although unidiomatically, this could mean a minotaur). L.L. Zamenhof, the founder of Esperanto, began this usage in the 1920s with his translation of Genesis, and it is now widespread. To designate male professionals, it is common to use the adjective vira, such as vira kelnero for a male waiter.
Of the several neologisms coined to be a male counterpart to -in-, the most frequently used is -iĉ-, which has appeared in some books, but does not have official recognition. For example, boviĉo would be a bull like bovino is a cow, and in such usage bovo would only be a head of cattle.
See also
[edit]Ido
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Back-formation from femino (“female”).
Suffix
[edit]-ino
- suffix denoting femininity or a female
- Synonym: -femino
- Antonym: -ulo
- avo (“grandparent”) + -ino → avino (“grandmother”)
- filio (“child, offspring”) + -ino → filiino (“daughter”)
- frato (“sibling”) + -ino → fratino (“sister”)
- kavalo (“horse”) + -ino → kavalino (“mare”)
- kuzo (“cousin”) + -ino → kuzino (“(female) cousin”)
- nepoto (“grandchild”) + -ino → nepotino (“granddaughter”)
- nevo (“nephew or niece, nibling”) + -ino → nevino (“niece”)
- onklo (“uncle or aunt”) + -ino → onklino (“aunt”)
- rejo (“monarch”) + -ino → rejino (“queen”)
- spozo (“spouse”) + -ino → spozino (“wife”)
- yuno (“child”) + -ino → yunino (“girl”)
Derived terms
[edit]Italian
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Latin -īnus. Compare English -ine.
Pronunciation
[edit]Suffix
[edit]-ino m (noun-forming suffix, plural -ini, feminine -ina)
- used to form diminutives
- used to indicate a profession
- ciabatta (“slipper”) + -ino → ciabattino (“shoe repairer”, “cobbler”)
- used to indicate an ethnic or geographical origin
- Alessandria (“resident or native of Alessandria or Alexandria”) + -ino → alessandrino
- used to indicate tools or instruments
Suffix
[edit]-ino (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -ina, masculine plural -ini, feminine plural -ine)
- used to indicate an ethnic or geographical origin
- Alessandria (“of Alessandria or Alexandria”) + -ino → alessandrino
- used to derive adjectives denoting composition, color or other qualities
- smeraldo (“emerald”) + -ino → smeraldino (“emerald (relational); emerald green”)
Derived terms
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Suffix
[edit]-ino
- used with a stem to form the third-person plural present subjunctive and imperative of regular -are verbs
Anagrams
[edit]Latin
[edit]Suffix
[edit]-īnō
Portuguese
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]
Etymology 1
[edit]Borrowed from Latin -īnus (“-ine”). Doublet of -inho.
Suffix
[edit]-ino m (feminine -ina, plural -inos, feminine plural -inas)
- -ine (of or relating to)
- diamante (“diamond”) + -ino → diamantino (“relating to diamonds”)
- -ine; -like (sharing some properties with; similar to)
- diamante (“diamond”) + -ino → diamantino (“diamond-like”)
- -ine; -er; -ese (forms demonyms (adjectives and nouns))
- Nova Iorque (“New York”) + -ino → nova-iorquino (“New Yorker”)
Derived terms
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]Suffix
[edit]-ino m
Etymology 3
[edit]Suffix
[edit]-ino m
- (particle physics) -ino (forms the name of supersymmetric partners)
Usage notes
[edit]The following ending(s) change(s) in words appended with this suffix:
- ⟨-ição⟩ (preceded by a syllabic vowel in feminine nouns, incl. plurals) → ⟨-cion⟩
- ⟨-ção⟩, ⟨-são⟩ (in feminine nouns, incl. plurals) → ⟨-cion⟩, ⟨-sion⟩
- ⟨-ão⟩ (as a non-verb suffix, incl. plurals) → ⟨-on⟩
- ⟨-ã(o)⟩ (incl. plurals) → ⟨-(i)an⟩, ⟨-am⟩, or ⟨-(i)on⟩, depending on the base word's etymology
- ⟨-m⟩ (incl. plurals) → ⟨-n⟩
- ⟨-z⟩ (in some nouns from Latin, incl. plurals) → ⟨-c(i)⟩
- ⟨-vel⟩ (unstressed and adjectival, incl. plurals) → ⟨-bil⟩
- ⟨-z⟩ (adjectival, incl. plurals) → ⟨-c⟩
Spanish
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]- -ina (after feminine nouns)
Suffix
[edit]-ino m (noun-forming suffix, plural -inos)
- forms diminutives from masculine nouns or adjectives
Etymology 2
[edit]See Etymology 1.
Suffix
[edit]-ino m (noun-forming suffix, plural -inos)
- -ine (on adjectives)
- (organic chemistry) -yne
Derived terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “-ino”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
- English terms derived from Proto-Italic
- English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- English terms borrowed from Italian
- English terms derived from Italian
- English terms derived from Latin
- English terms with audio pronunciation
- English lemmas
- English suffixes
- en:Physics
- English terms with usage examples
- English internet slang
- English 4chan slang
- English derogatory terms
- English terms with quotations
- DoggoLingo
- Esperanto terms derived from German
- Esperanto 2-syllable words
- Esperanto terms with IPA pronunciation
- Esperanto terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:Esperanto/ino
- Esperanto lemmas
- Esperanto suffixes
- Esperanto 1894 Universala Vortaro
- Words approved by the Akademio de Esperanto
- Esperanto BRO1
- Ido back-formations
- Ido lemmas
- Ido suffixes
- Ido noun-forming suffixes
- Italian terms inherited from Proto-Italic
- Italian terms inherited from Latin
- Italian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Italian terms derived from Latin
- Italian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Italian terms derived from Proto-Italic
- Italian 2-syllable words
- Italian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Italian/ino
- Rhymes:Italian/ino/2 syllables
- Italian lemmas
- Italian suffixes
- Italian noun-forming suffixes
- Italian countable suffixes
- Italian masculine suffixes
- Italian adjective-forming suffixes
- Latin non-lemma forms
- Latin suffix forms
- Portuguese 2-syllable words
- Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Portuguese terms borrowed from Latin
- Portuguese terms derived from Latin
- Portuguese doublets
- Portuguese lemmas
- Portuguese suffixes
- Portuguese masculine suffixes
- Portuguese adjective-forming suffixes
- Portuguese noun-forming suffixes
- pt:Chemistry
- pt:Particle physics
- Spanish 2-syllable words
- Spanish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Spanish/ino
- Rhymes:Spanish/ino/2 syllables
- Spanish terms derived from Proto-Italic
- Spanish terms inherited from Proto-Italic
- Spanish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Spanish terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Spanish terms inherited from Latin
- Spanish terms derived from Latin
- Spanish lemmas
- Spanish suffixes
- Spanish noun-forming suffixes
- Spanish countable suffixes
- Spanish masculine suffixes
- Spanish diminutive suffixes
- es:Organic chemistry