fungus

English

Wikipedia

Etymology

From Latin fungus (“mushroom”). Compare Ancient Greek σπόγγος (spongos).

Picture dictionary

organism

mold

mushroom

Pronunciation

• (UK, US) IPA^(key): /ˈfʌŋ.ɡəs/

• Audio (US)

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ʌŋɡəs

Noun

fungus (plural fungi or funguses)

1. Any member of the kingdom Fungi; a eukaryotic organism typically having chitin cell walls but no chlorophyll or plastids. Fungi may be unicellular or multicellular.
   • 2013 July 20, “Welcome to the plastisphere”, The Economist, volume 408, number 8845: 

     Plastics are energy-rich substances, which is why many of them burn so readily. Any organism that could unlock and use that energy would do well in the Anthropocene. Terrestrial bacteria and fungi which can manage this trick are already familiar to experts in the field.

Usage notes

The plural form fungi comes directly from the Latin. See that entry for information about the several English pronunciations in use.

Synonyms

• mold, mushroom

Hyponyms

• ascomycete, basidiomycete, mushroom, toadstool, yeast

Derived terms

• bracket fungus
• fungal
• fungicidal

• fungicide
• fungoid
• jelly fungus

Related terms

• fungous

Translations

any member of the kingdom Fungi

• Albanian: këpurdhë
• Alemannic German: Pilz m
• Arabic: فُطْر m (fuTr)

  Egyptian Arabic: فطر m (feṭr)

• Armenian: բորբոս (borbos)
• Azeri: göbələk (az)
• Bashkir: бәшмәктәр (bäšmäktär)
• Bengali: ছত্রাক
• Bulgarian: гъба (bg) f (gǎba)
• Catalan: fong
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 菌類 (zh), 菌类 (zh) (jūnlèi), 真菌 (zh) (zhēnjūn)

  Min Nan: ko͘

• Chuvash: кăмпа (kămpa)
• Czech: houba (cs) f
• Danish: svamp (da) c
• Dutch: zwam (nl) m
• Erzya: пангт (pangt)
• Esperanto: fungo (eo)
• Estonian: seen (et)
• Faroese: soppur
• Finnish: sieni (fi)
• French: fongus (fr) m
• Georgian: სოკო (soko)
• German: Pilz (de) m
• Greek: μύκητας (el) m (mýkitas) (mýkitas)
• Hawaiian: kalina
• Hebrew: פטריות f pl (pitriyot)
• Hindi: कुकुरमुत्ता (kukurmuttā), फफूंद (phaphūnd)
• Hungarian: gombaféle, gomba (hu)
• Icelandic: sveppur (is)
• Irish: fungas
• Italian: fungo (it)
• Japanese: 菌類 (ja) (きんるい, kinrui), きのこ (ja) (kinoko)
• Korean: 균계 (gyun-gye)
• Latin: fungus
• Latvian: sēnes (lv)

• Lingala: liyɛbú
• Lithuanian: grybas (lt)
• Low German: poggenstöhl
• Luxembourgish: Pilzeräich
• Macedonian: габа f (gaba)
• Malay: kulat
• Manx: fungys
• Maori: harore
• Nahuatl: nanacatl (nah)
• Northern Sami: guobbarat
• Norwegian: sopp
• Occitan: mycota
• Persian: قارچ (fa) (qârč)
• Polish: grzyb (pl) m
• Portuguese: fungo (pt) m
• Quechua: k'allampa (qu)
• Romanian: ciupercă (ro) f
• Russian: гриб (ru) m (grib), грибок (ru) m (gribók)
• Samogitian: kremblē
• Sardinian: cordolinu
• Serbo-Croatian: gljȉva f
• Slovak: huba f
• Spanish: hongo (es) m
• Swedish: svamp (sv)
• Tagalog: halamang-singaw
• Tamil: பூஞ்சைகள் (pūñcaikaḷ)
• Telugu: శిలీంధ్రం (śilīmdhram)
• Thai: เห็ดรา (hèt-raa)
• Tongan: talingelinga
• Turkish: mantar (tr)
• Ukrainian: гриб (uk) m (hryb), грибо́к (hrybók) (microscopic, non formal)
• Vietnamese: nấm (vi)
• Volapük: funig (vo)
• Walloon: tchampion (wa)
• Welsh: ffwng
• Yiddish: פאנגוס (fungus)

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Latin

fungus (a mushroom)

Etymology

Originally sfungus. Compare Ancient Greek σπόγγος (spongos).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈfuŋ.ɡus/

Noun

fungus m (genitive fungī); second declension

1. a mushroom
2. a fungal growth or infection
3. a candle-snuff
4. (figuratively) dolt, idiot

Inflection

Second declension.

Number	Singular	Plural
nominative	fungus	fungī
genitive	fungī	fungōrum
dative	fungō	fungīs
accusative	fungum	fungōs
ablative	fungō	fungīs
vocative	funge	fungī

Derived terms

• fungīnus
• fungōsus
• fungulus

Related terms

• fungidus

Descendants

• Catalan: fong
• English: fungus
• French: fongus
• Galician: fungo

• Irish: fungas
• Italian: fungo
• Portuguese: fungo
• Spanish: hongo
• Romanian: fungă