English [ edit ]
Etymology [ edit ]
From Middle English musheron , musseron , from Anglo-Norman , from Old French mousseron , of Germanic origin: Old French mousse ( “ moss ” ) (—first applied to a type of fungus which grows in moss), from Low Frankish *mosa ( “ moss ” ) or Old Dutch mosa ( “ moss ” ) , akin to Old High German mos ( “ moss, bog ” ) , Old High German mios ( “ moss, mire ” ) , Old English mēos ( “ moss ” ) , Old English mōs ( “ bog, marsh ” ) , Old Norse mosi ( “ moss ” ) , Old Norse myrr ( “ bog, mire ” ) , from Proto-Germanic *musą , *musô , *miuziz ( “ mosses, bog ” ) , from Proto-Indo-European *meus- ( “ mosses, mold, mildew ” ) . Displaced native Old English swamm ( “ mushroom ” ) . More at mire . Alternatively, the Old French may be of pre-Roman origin.
Pronunciation [ edit ]
( UK , US ) IPA (key ) : /ˈmʌʃˌɹuːm/ , /ˈmʌʃˌɹʊm/
Hyphenation: mush‧room
mushroom (plural mushrooms )
Any of the fleshy fruiting bodies of fungi typically produced above ground on soil or on their food sources (such as decaying wood).
Synonyms: mushrump ( archaic ) , shroom
Some mushroom s are edible and taste good, while others are poisonous and taste foul.
A fungus producing such fruiting bodies.
Champignon or Agaricus bisporus , the mushroom species most commonly used in cooking.
One of the mushroom-shaped pegs in bar billiards .
( obsolete , figuratively ) One who rises suddenly from a low condition in life; an upstart .
(Can we find and add a quotation of Francis Bacon to this entry?)
( figuratively ) Something that grows very quickly or seems to appear suddenly.
Derived terms [ edit ]
Translations [ edit ]
fruiting body of a fungus
Adyghe: хьэӏу ( ḥăʾ° )
Afrikaans: sampioen
Albanian: kërpudhë (sq) f
Arabic: فُطْر m ( fuṭr ) عَيْش الْغُرَاب m ( ʿayš al-ḡurāb )
Egyptian Arabic: مشروم m ( mášrom, mašrūm ) , فطر m ( feṭr ) , عيش الغراب m ( ʿēš el-ḡorāb )
Gulf Arabic: مشروم m , فطر m
Armenian: սունկ (hy) ( sunk )
Aromanian: bureati m , buburec
Assamese: বেংছটা ( beṅsota )
Asturian: seta f
Azerbaijani: göbələk (az)
Banjarese: kulat
Bashkir: бәшмәк ( bäšmäk )
Basque: perretxiko
Belarusian: грыб m ( hryb )
Bengali: ছত্রাক (bn) ( chôtrak )
Bislama: sompiniong
Breton: kabell-touseg (br) m
Bulgarian: гъ́ба (bg) f ( gǎ́ba ) , печу́рка f ( pečúrka )
Burmese: မှို (my) ( hmui )
Buryat: hархяаг ( harxjaag ) ( Russian Buryat )
Catalan: bolet (ca) m , fong (ca) m
Chamicuro: kas̈hama
Chechen: жӏаьлин нускал ( žʿälin nuskal )
Cherokee: ᏓᏬᎵ ( dawoli )
Chichewa: bowa
Chinese:
Cantonese: 蘑菇 ( mo4 gu1 )
Dungan: могў ( mogw )
Mandarin: 蘑菇 (zh) ( mógū )
Min Dong: 菇 , 菰 ( gŭ ) , 蘑菇 ( mò̤-gŭ )
Min Nan: 蘑菇 (zh-min-nan) ( mô͘-ko͘ )
Chukchi: пъоӈпъоӈ ( pʺoṇpʺoṇ )
Chuvash: кӑмпа ( kămpa )
Cornish: skavel gronek f
Corsican: funzu m
Cree: ᐊᔨᑭᓅᓈᒋᑲᐣ ( ayikinoonaacikan )
Czech: houba (cs) f , hřib (cs) m ( regional )
Danish: svamp (da)
Dutch: paddenstoel (nl) m , zwam (nl) m
Erzya: панго ( pango )
Esperanto: ĉampinjono , ŝampinjono
Estonian: seen (et)
Faroese: soppur m
Finnish: sieni (fi) , ( mycology term ) itiöemä (fi)
Franco-Provençal: champegnon m
French: champignon (fr) m
Friulian: fonc m , fong
Gagauz: mantar
Galician: cogomelo (gl) m
Georgian: სოკო ( soḳo )
German: Fruchtkörper m
Greek: μανιτάρι (el) n ( manitári )
Ancient: μύκης m ( múkēs )
Greenlandic: pupik
Gujarati: બિલાડીનો ટોપ ( bilāḍīno ṭop )
Haitian Creole: djondjon
Havasupai-Walapai-Yavapai: (please verify ) qsamta
Hawaiian: kūkaelio
Hebrew: פִּטרִיָה (he) f ( pitriyá )
Hindi: कुकुरमुत्ता ( kukurmuttā ) , खुंभी (hi) ( khumbhī ) , खुंबी (hi) ( khumbī )
Hungarian: gomba (hu)
Icelandic: sveppur (is) m
Ido: fungo (io)
Indonesian: jamur (id)
Inupiak: argaiġñaq
Irish: beacán m , muisiriún m
Italian: fungo (it) m
Japanese: キノコ (ja) ( kinoko ) , 茸 (ja) ( kinoko ) , きのこ (ja) ( kinoko )
Javanese: jamur (jv)
Kalmyk: теңгрин ки ( teñgrin ki ) , мөг ( mög )
Kannada: ನಾಯಿಕೊಡೆ (kn) ( nāyikoḍe ) , ಅಣಬೆ (kn) ( aṇabe )
Kapampangan: payung-payungan
Karachay-Balkar: жууа ( cuwa ) , джууа ( cuwa ) , тошлакъ ( toşlaq )
Karakalpak: zamarrıq , qozıqulaq
Karelian: sieni
Kazakh: саңырауқұлақ ( sañırawqulaq ) , қозықұйрық ( qozıquyrıq )
Khakas: миске ( miske )
Khmer: ផ្សិត (km) ( phsət )
Komi-Zyrian: тшак ( tšak )
Korean: 버섯 (ko) ( beoseot )
Kumyk: къолкъотур ( qolqotur )
Kurdish:
Sorani: قارچک ( qarçik )
Kyrgyz: козу карын (ky) ( kozu karın )
Lao: ກະດ້າງ (lo) ( ka dāng ) , ເຫັດ ( het )
Latgalian: sieņs f
Latin: fungus m , boletus m
Latvian: sēne (lv) f
Lingala: likombó class 5 /6
Lithuanian: grybas (lt) m
Low German: Paddenstohl m , Poggenstohl m , Swamm m
Macedonian: печурка f ( pečurka )
Malagasy: holatra (mg)
Malay: cendawan (ms)
Malayalam: കുമിൾ (ml) ( kumiḷ ) , കൂൺ ( kūṇ )
Maltese: faqqiegħa m
Mansi: ла̄хыс ( lāxys )
Manx: fliughane m
Maori: harore , whareatua
Minangkabau: cindawan , tindawan
Mongolian: мөөг (mn) ( möög )
Navajo: ábishjaaʼ , nááʼádįįh
Nepali: च्याउ ( cyāu )
Norman: champîngnon m ( Jersey )
Norwegian:
Bokmål: sopp (no) m
Nynorsk: sopp m
Ojibwe: wazhashkwedo , wazhashkwedoons
Old English: swamm (ang) m
Old Norse: svamper ( Eastern dialect ) , sǫppr ( Western dialect )
Oriya: ଛତୁ (or) ( chatu )
Ossetian: зокъо ( zok’o )
Pashto: غومبه f ( γumba ) , مرخېړی (ps) m ( markherray )
Persian: قارچ (fa) ( qârč ) , سماروغ (fa) ( samâruğ ) , خایه دیس ( xāyedīs ) , زماروغ ( zamārūq )
Polish: grzyb (pl) m
Portuguese: cogumelo (pt) m
Punjabi: ਖੁੰਭ ( khubha ) , ਖੁੰਬ ( khumb )
Quechua: k'allampa puquy , kallampa , tukllu
Romanian: ciupercă (ro) f
Russian: гриб (ru) m ( grib )
Sanskrit: छत्राकम् ( chatrākam )
Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic: гљива f , печурка f
Roman: gljiva (sh) f , pečurka (sh) f
Shor: мешке ( meşke )
Sicilian: funcia (scn) f , fungia (scn) f
Sinhalese: ක්ෂණික ( kṣaṇika ) , හතු ( hatu )
Slovak: huba (sk) f , hríb (sk) m
Slovene: goba (sl) f
Southern Altai: мешке ( meške ) ,козуу карыҥ ( kozuu karïŋ )
Southern Sierra Miwok: haha·jaʔ , lapŋaʔ
Spanish: hongo (es) m , seta (es) f
Sundanese: fungi
Swahili: uyoga (sw) class 10 /11
Swedish: svamp (sv) c , sopp (sv) c
Tagalog: kabute , kabuti
Tajik: занбӯруғ ( zanbüruġ ) , қорч ( qorč )
Tamil: காளான் (ta) ( kāḷāṉ )
Tatar: гөмбә (tt) ( gömbä )
Telugu: పుట్టగొడుగు (te) ( puṭṭagoḍugu )
Thai: เห็ด (th) ( hèt )
Tibetan: ཤ་མོ ( sha mo )
Tok Pisin: papai , talinga
Tongan: fakamaluʻatēvolo
Turkish: mantar (tr) , göbelek (tr) , kuzu karın
Turkmen: kömelek
Tuvan: мөөгү ( möögü )
Udmurt: губи ( gubi )
Ukrainian: гриб (uk) m ( hryb )
Urdu: ککرمتا ( kukurmuttā ) , کھمبی ( khumbī )
Uyghur: موگۇ ( mogu )
Uzbek: qoʻziqorin (uz) , zamburugʻ (uz)
Venetian: fongo m , fonc
Vietnamese: nấm (vi)
Vilamovian: pyłc m
Volapük: garid (vo)
Voro: siin'
Votic: siini
Walloon: åbusson (wa) m , tchampion (wa) m
Waray-Waray: ulapíng , libgós
Welsh: madarchen (cy) f
Westrobothnian: sópp m , sapp m
Yakut: тэллэй ( telley )
Yiddish: שוואָם m , f ( shvom )
one who rises suddenly from a low condition in life
— see upstart
something that grows very quickly or seems to appear suddenly
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout#Translations .
Translations to be checked
See also [ edit ]
Adjective [ edit ]
mushroom (not comparable )
Having characteristics like those of a mushroom, for example in shape or appearance, speed of growth, or texture.
mushroom cloud
Translations [ edit ]
mushroom (third-person singular simple present mushrooms , present participle mushrooming , simple past and past participle mushroomed )
( intransitive ) To grow quickly to a large size.
The town’s population mushroomed from 10,000 to 110,000 in five years.
2019 February 5, Oliver Wainwright , “Super-tall, super-skinny, super-expensive: the 'pencil towers' of New York's super-rich”, in The Guardian [1] :The world’s population of ultra-high-net-worth individuals, a super-elite with assets of at least $30m, has now mushroomed beyond 250,000 people, all in need of somewhere to store their wealth.
To gather mushrooms.
We used to go mushrooming in the forest every weekend.
( ballistics, of a bullet ) To form the shape of a mushroom when striking a soft target.
Translations [ edit ]