سلق

See also: سلف, and شلق

Arabic

Etymology 1

From the root س ل ق (s-l-q). Cognate with Aramaic שְׁלַק / ܫܠܰܩ (‍šlaq, “to boil”), whereas Ge'ez ተሳለቀ (täsaläḳä, “to scoff at”) is unrelated but the source of the Qurʾānic use for verbal “bashing” and related by metathesis to the Ugaritic 𐎖𐎍𐎕 (qlṣ, “to scorn”), Hebrew קִלֵּס (qilles, “to mock”), dialectal Arabic قَلَّسَ (qallasa, “to mock”).

Verb

1. to thrust, to prostrate, to pierce, to push, to repel
2. to hurt, to gall, to flay, to lash, to assault
   1. to hurt verbally, to taunt
      • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 33:19:

        فَإِذَا جَاءَ الْخَوْفُ رَأَيْتَهُمْ يَنْظُرُونَ إِلَيْكَ تَدُورُ أَعْيُنُهُمْ كَالَّذِي يُغْشَىٰ عَلَيْهِ مِنَ الْمَوْت فَإِذَا ذَهَبَ الْخَوْفُ سَلَقُوكُم بِأَلْسِنَةٍ حِدَادٍ

        faʔiḏā jāʔa l-ḵawfu raʔaytahum yanẓurūna ʔilayka tadūru ʔaʕyunuhum kāllaḏī yuḡšā ʕalayhi mina l-mawt faʔiḏā ḏahaba l-ḵawfu salaqūkum biʔalsinatin ḥidādin

        And when fear comes, you see them looking at you, their eyes revolving of he who to whom death comes. But when fear departs, they lash you with sharp tongues

3. to boil without adding any seasoning
4. to remove animal's feathers (by boiling it)
5. to enkindle, to ignite
6. to climb (a wall, etc)

Noun

سَلْق • (salq) m

1. verbal noun of سَلَقَ (salaqa) (form I)
   • a. 1222, نَجِيب الدِّين السَّمَرْقَنْدِيّ, edited by Juliane Müller, كِتَاب الْأَغْذِيَة وَٱلْأَشْرِبَة (Islamic Philosophy, Theology and Science. Texts and Studies; 101)‎^[1], Leiden: Brill, published 2017, →ISBN, page 166:

     وأمّا الغَوشَنة فهي قريبة من الكمأة باردة رطبة وهي أقلّ بردًا وأصلح، وفيها بورقية وملوحة تفارقها عند السلق ويصلحها السلق. وليس له من الغلظ واللزوجة ورداءة الخلط ما الكمأة وهي تؤكل بالحموضات ولَذَّته كلَذَّة الغضاريف.

     In what bespeaks the morel, it is near truffles, cold and wet, and in it less cold and more healthy, and it has a basicity and acidity that parts it on seething, so seething betters it. And it hasn’t the coarseness and stickiness and badness for the humour which a truffle has and it is eaten with sour things and its sensory delectability is like the sensory delectability of cartilage.

Declension

Declension of noun سَلْق (salq)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سَلْق salq	السَّلْق as-salq	سَلْق salq
Nominative	سَلْقٌ salqun	السَّلْقُ as-salqu	سَلْقُ salqu
Accusative	سَلْقًا salqan	السَّلْقَ as-salqa	سَلْقَ salqa
Genitive	سَلْقٍ salqin	السَّلْقِ as-salqi	سَلْقِ salqi

Etymology 2

From Classical Syriac ܣܠܩܐ (silqā, selqā), from Aramaic סילקא, ultimately from Ancient Greek σικελικόν (sikelikón, literally “the Sicilian one”); cognate with Neo-Babylonian 𒌑𒋛𒅋𒋡 (/⁠silqu⁠/) itself a loan word from Aramaic, also a doublet of شَلْجَم (šaljam) through an Iranian loan.

Noun

سِلْق • (silq) m

1. chard (Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris)

   Hypernyms: بَنْجَر (banjar), شَمَنْدَر (šamandar)

Declension

Declension of noun سِلْق (silq)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سِلْق silq	السِّلْق as-silq	سِلْق silq
Nominative	سِلْقٌ silqun	السِّلْقُ as-silqu	سِلْقُ silqu
Accusative	سِلْقًا silqan	السِّلْقَ as-silqa	سِلْقَ silqa
Genitive	سِلْقٍ silqin	السِّلْقِ as-silqi	سِلْقِ silqi

Descendants

• → Middle Armenian: սիլխ (silx)
• Kurdish:

  → Northern Kurdish: silq, silk

  → Central Kurdish: سڵق (sillq)

  → Southern Kurdish: سڵق (sillq), زڵق (zillq)

• Spanish: acelga
• Portuguese: acelga
• Galician: acelga

References

• “سلق” in Almaany
• Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 143
• Freytag, Georg (1833) “سلق”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum‎^[2] (in Latin), volume 2, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 344
• Lane, Edward William (1863) “سلق”, in Arabic-English Lexicon‎^[3], London: Williams & Norgate, pages 1409–1410
• Löw, Immanuel (1928) Die Flora der Juden‎^[4] (in German), volume 1, Wien und Leipzig: R. Löwit, pages 346–352
• Margoliouth, David Samuel (1939) “Some Additions to Professor Jeffery’s Foreign Vocabulary of the Qurʾan”, in The Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland, number 1, →DOI, pages 60–61
• Wehr, Hans with Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985) “سلق”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart‎^[5] (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, page 589
• Zimmern, Heinrich (1915) Akkadische Fremdwörter als Beweis für babylonischen Kultureinfluss (in German), Leipzig: A. Edelmann, page 58

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South Levantine Arabic

Root
س ل ق
1 term

Etymology

From Arabic سَلَقَ (salaqa).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sa.laʔ/, [ˈsa.laʔ]

• Audio (al-Lidd):

  (file)

Verb

سلق • (salaʔ) I (present بسلق (bosloʔ))

1. to boil (something solid)

   Synonyms: (liquid) غلى (ḡala), فوّر (fawwar)

Conjugation

Conjugation of سلق (salaʔ)
		singular				plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person
past	m	سلقت (salaʔt)	سلقت (salaʔt)	سلق (salaʔ)		سلقنا (salaʔna)	سلقتو (salaʔtu)	سلقو (salaʔu)
	f		سلقتي (salaʔti)	سلقت (salʔat)
present	m	بسلق (basloʔ)	بتسلق (btosloʔ)	بسلق (bosloʔ)		منسلق (mnosloʔ)	بتسلقو (btosloʔu)	بسلقو (bosloʔu)
	f		بتسلقي (btosloʔi)	بتسلق (btosloʔ)
subjunctive	m	أسلق (ʔasloʔ)	تسلق (tosloʔ)	يسلق (yosloʔ)		نسلق (nosloʔ)	تسلقو (tosloʔu)	يسلقو (yosloʔu)
	f		تسلقي (tosloʔi)	تسلق (tosloʔ)
imperative	m		اسلق (osloʔ)				اسلقو (osloʔu)
	f		اسلقي (osloʔi)