澎湃

Chinese

		phonetic
simp. and trad. (澎湃)		澎	湃
alternative forms		彭湃 滂湃 滂㵒／滂𬈕 淜湃

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): pēngpài, péngpài

  (Zhuyin): ㄆㄥ ㄆㄞˋ, ㄆㄥˊ ㄆㄞˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): paang⁴ baai³ / paang⁴ paai³ / paang¹ baai³ / paang¹ paai³
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): phàng-pai
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): phêng-phài / phn̂g-phài / phong-pài

  (Teochew, Peng'im): pên⁵ pai³

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, standard in Taiwan; literary in Mainland)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: pēngpài
    • Zhuyin: ㄆㄥ ㄆㄞˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: pengpài
    • Wade–Giles: pʻêng¹-pʻai⁴
    • Yale: pēng-pài
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pengpay
    • Palladius: пэнпай (pɛnpaj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰɤŋ⁵⁵ pʰaɪ̯⁵¹/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: péngpài
    • Zhuyin: ㄆㄥˊ ㄆㄞˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: péngpài
    • Wade–Giles: pʻêng²-pʻai⁴
    • Yale: péng-pài
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: perngpay
    • Palladius: пэнпай (pɛnpaj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰɤŋ³⁵ pʰaɪ̯⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: paang⁴ baai³ / paang⁴ paai³ / paang¹ baai³ / paang¹ paai³
    • Yale: pàahng baai / pàahng paai / pāang baai / pāang paai
    • Cantonese Pinyin: paang⁴ baai³ / paang⁴ paai³ / paang¹ baai³ / paang¹ paai³
    • Guangdong Romanization: pang⁴ bai³ / pang⁴ pai³ / pang¹ bai³ / pang¹ pai³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰaːŋ²¹ paːi̯³³/, /pʰaːŋ²¹ pʰaːi̯³³/, /pʰaːŋ⁵⁵ paːi̯³³/, /pʰaːŋ⁵⁵ pʰaːi̯³³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: phàng-pai
    • Hakka Romanization System: pang^ˇ bai
    • Hagfa Pinyim: pang² bai⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /pʰaŋ¹¹ pai̯⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phêng-phài
    • Tâi-lô: phîng-phài
    • Phofsit Daibuun: phengphaix
    • IPA (Xiamen): /pʰiɪŋ²⁴⁻²² pʰai²¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /pʰiɪŋ¹³⁻²² pʰai²¹/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phn̂g-phài
    • Tâi-lô: phn̂g-phài
    • Phofsit Daibuun: phngphaix
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /pʰŋ̍²⁴⁻²² pʰai⁴¹/
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phong-pài
    • Tâi-lô: phong-pài
    • Phofsit Daibuun: phongpaix
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /pʰɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ pai²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /pʰɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ pai¹¹/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: pên⁵ pai³
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: phêⁿ phài
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰẽ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ pʰai²¹³/

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• Middle Chinese: phjaeng pheajH

Rime
Character	澎	湃
Reading #	2/2	1/1
Initial (聲)	滂 (2)	滂 (2)
Final (韻)	庚 (111)	皆 (33)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	II
Fanqie	撫庚切	普拜切
Baxter	phjaeng	pheajH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/pʰˠiæŋ/	/pʰˠɛiH/
Pan Wuyun	/pʰᵚiaŋ/	/pʰᵚæiH/
Shao Rongfen	/pʰiaŋ/	/pʰɐiH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/pʰiajŋ/	/pʰəɨjH/
Li Rong	/pʰiɐŋ/	/pʰɛiH/
Wang Li	/pʰĭɐŋ/	/pʰɐiH/
Bernard Karlgren	/pʰi̯ɐŋ/	/pʰăiH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	pīng	pài
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ping1	paai3

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*pʰraːŋ  pʰroːds/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	澎	湃
Reading #	1/2	1/1
No.	9680	223
Phonetic component	彭	拜
Rime group	陽	祭
Rime subdivision	0	3
Corresponding MC rime	磅	湃
Old Chinese	/*pʰraːŋ/	/*pʰroːds/
Notes	見史記

Adjective

澎湃

1. (of waves) surging; crashing
2. (figurative) powerful; overflowing

Related terms

• 洶湧／汹涌 (xiōngyǒng)

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