彭

彭 U+5F6D, 彭 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5F6D ← 彬 [U+5F6C] CJK Unified Ideographs 彮 → [U+5F6E]

Translingual

Han character

彭 (Kangxi radical 59, 彡+9, 12 strokes, Cangjie input 土廿竹竹竹 (GTHHH), four-corner 4212₂, composition ⿰壴彡)

Derived characters

• 嘭, 憉, 澎, 㱶, 膨, 蟛, 甏, 蟚

Additional Derived Characters

• 𠎎, 𡐶, 𢵓, 𤡭, 𪹫, 𥕱, 𥛻, 𰅿, 𦅈, 𫄵, 𦪟, 𰸫, 𨎧, 𨭌, 𬭵, 𩻬, 𫚩, 𮟊, 𥕽, 𥛱, 𦗭, 𨅘, 𤺬

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 364, character 5
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10003
• Dae Jaweon: page 683, character 11
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 855, character 6
• Unihan data for U+5F6D

Chinese

simp. and trad.		彭

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 彭
Shang	Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (彭) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
澎	*pʰraːŋ, *braːŋ
彭	*braːŋ
膨	*braːŋ, *braːŋs
蟚	*braːŋ
蟛	*braːŋ
憉	*braːŋ

Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): 壴 (“drum”) + 彡 (“visualization of the sound of drumming”) – sound of drumming.

Shuowen considers it to be a phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声) where 彡 (OC *sroːm, *slom) acts as the phonetic component.

Pronunciation 1

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): péng (peng²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄆㄥˊ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): pen²

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): paang⁴

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): pang³

• Gan (Wiktionary): pang²
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): phàng

  (Hailu, HRS): pang

  (Meixian, Guangdong): pang²

• Jin (Wiktionary): peng¹
• Northern Min (KCR): pâng
• Eastern Min (BUC): pàng
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): pa² / pann² / peng²
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): phîⁿ / phêⁿ / phêng

  (Teochew, Peng'im): pên⁵

• Wu (Wugniu)
  • (Northern): ⁶ban / ²ban / ²ben / ²bon
  • (Jinhua): ²baon; ²ben
• Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): ben²

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: péng
    • Zhuyin: ㄆㄥˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: péng
    • Wade–Giles: pʻêng²
    • Yale: péng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: perng
    • Palladius: пэн (pɛn)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰɤŋ³⁵/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: pen²
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: pen
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰən²¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: paang⁴
    • Yale: pàahng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: paang⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: pang⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰaːŋ²¹/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: pang³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰaŋ²²/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: pang²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰaŋ²⁴/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: phàng
    • Hakka Romanization System: pang^ˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: pang²
    • Sinological IPA: /pʰaŋ¹¹/
  • (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
    • Hakka Romanization System: pang
    • Sinological IPA: /pʰaŋ⁵⁵/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: pang²
    • Sinological IPA: /pʰaŋ¹¹/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: peng¹
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /pʰəŋ¹¹/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: pâng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰaŋ³³/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: pàng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰaŋ⁵³/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian, Jiangkou, Nanri)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: pa²
    • Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: páⁿ
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰa¹³/
  • (Xianyou, Youyang, Fengting)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: pann²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰã²⁴/
  • (Putian)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: peng²
    • Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: péng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰɛŋ¹³/
  • (Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: peng²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰɛŋ²⁴/

Note:

• pa2/pann2 - vernacular (incl. surname);
• peng2 - literary.

• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Taipei)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phîⁿ
    • Tâi-lô: phînn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: phvii
    • Sinological IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Taipei): /pʰĩ²⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phêⁿ
    • Tâi-lô: phênn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: phvee
    • Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /pʰẽ²³/
    • Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /pʰɛ̃¹³/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phêng
    • Tâi-lô: phîng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: pheeng
    • Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /pʰiɪŋ²³/
    • Sinological IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei): /pʰiɪŋ²⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /pʰiɪŋ¹³/

Note:

• phîⁿ/phêⁿ - vernacular (incl. surname);
• phêng - literary.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: pên⁵
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: phêⁿ
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰẽ⁵⁵/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁶ban
    • MiniDict: ban^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³ban
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /bã²³/
  • (Northern: Jiading, Songjiang, Chongming, Suzhou, Kunshan, Yixing, Changzhou, Jiaxing, Tongxiang, Haining, Haiyan, Deqing, Xiaoshan, Cixi, Ningbo, Zhoushan)
    • Wugniu: ²ban
    • MiniDict: ban^平
    • Sinological IPA (Jiading): /bã³¹/
    • Sinological IPA (Songjiang): /bæ̃³¹/
    • Sinological IPA (Chongming): /bã²⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /bã²²³/
    • Sinological IPA (Kunshan): /bã¹³/
    • Sinological IPA (Yixing): /baŋ²²⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Changzhou): /baŋ¹³/
    • Sinological IPA (Jiaxing): /bã³¹/
    • Sinological IPA (Tongxiang): /bã²²/
    • Sinological IPA (Haining): /bã¹¹³/
    • Sinological IPA (Haiyan): /bã³¹/
    • Sinological IPA (Deqing): /bã²¹³/
    • Sinological IPA (Xiaoshan): /bã¹³/
    • Sinological IPA (Cixi): /bã¹⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Ningbo): /bã³¹³/
    • Sinological IPA (Zhoushan): /bã²²/
  • (Northern: Suzhou, Haiyan, Xiaoshan)
    • Wugniu: ²ben
    • MiniDict: ben^平
    • Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /bən²²³/
    • Sinological IPA (Haiyan): /bən³¹/
    • Sinological IPA (Xiaoshan): /bəŋ¹³/
  • (Northern: Hangzhou)
    • Wugniu: ²bon
    • MiniDict: bon^平
    • Sinological IPA (Hangzhou): /boŋ²³/
  • (Jinhua)
    • Wugniu: ²baon; ²ben
    • Sinological IPA (Jinhua): /bɑŋ³¹³/, /bəŋ³¹³/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: ben²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pən¹³/

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• Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 彭
Mandarin	Beijing	/pʰəŋ³⁵/
	Harbin	/pʰəŋ²⁴/
	Tianjin	/pʰəŋ⁴⁵/
	Jinan	/pʰəŋ⁴²/
	Qingdao	/pʰəŋ⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/pʰəŋ⁴²/
	Xi'an	/pʰəŋ²⁴/
	Xining	/pʰə̃²⁴/
	Yinchuan	/pʰəŋ⁵³/
	Lanzhou	/pʰə̃n⁵³/
	Ürümqi	/pʰɤŋ⁵¹/
	Wuhan	/pʰən²¹³/
	Chengdu	/pʰən³¹/
	Guiyang	/pʰen²¹/
	Kunming	/pʰoŋ¹/
	Nanjing	/pʰən²⁴/
	Hefei	/pʰəŋ⁵⁵/
Jin	Taiyuan	/pʰəŋ¹¹/
	Pingyao	/pʰəŋ¹³/
	Hohhot	/pʰə̃ŋ³¹/
Wu	Shanghai	/bã²³/
	Suzhou	/bən¹³/
	Hangzhou	/boŋ²¹³/
	Wenzhou	/biɛ³¹/
Hui	Shexian	/pʰʌ̃⁴⁴/
	Tunxi	/pʰan⁴⁴/
Xiang	Changsha	/pən¹³/
	Xiangtan	/bən¹²/
Gan	Nanchang	/pʰɑŋ²⁴/
Hakka	Meixian	/pʰaŋ¹¹/
	Taoyuan	/pʰɑŋ¹¹/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/pʰaŋ²¹/
	Nanning	/pʰaŋ²¹/
	Hong Kong	/pʰaŋ²¹/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/pʰiŋ³⁵/ /pʰĩ³⁵/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/pʰaŋ⁵³/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/pʰaŋ³³/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/pʰẽ⁵⁵/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/foŋ³¹/ /fɛ³¹/

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• Middle Chinese: baeng

Rime
Character	彭
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	並 (3)
Final (韻)	庚 (109)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	薄庚切
Baxter	baeng
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/bˠæŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/bᵚaŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/baŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/baɨjŋ/
Li Rong	/bɐŋ/
Wang Li	/bɐŋ/
Bernhard Karlgren	/bʱɐŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	péng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	pang4

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*C.[b]ˤraŋ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*braːŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	彭
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	péng
Middle Chinese	‹ bæng ›
Old Chinese	/*C.[b]ˁraŋ/
English	(place name)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	彭
Reading #	1/1
No.	9681
Phonetic component	彭
Rime group	陽
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	彭
Old Chinese	/*braːŋ/

Definitions

彭

1. (onomatopoeia, obsolete) sound of drumming
2. Name of an ancient country.
3. a surname

   彭德懷／彭德怀  ―  Péng Déhuái  ―  Peng Dehuai (Chinese military leader)

Compounds

• 三彭
• 八彭 (Bāpéng)
• 加彭 (Jiāpéng)
• 彭亨 (Pénghēng)
• 彭佳 (Péngjiā)
• 彭佳嶼 / 彭佳屿 (Péngjiāyǔ)
• 彭侯
• 彭公案
• 彭城 (Péngchéng)
• 彭場 / 彭场 (Péngchǎng)
• 彭女山
• 彭家嶺 / 彭家岭 (Péngjiālǐng)
• 彭家灣 / 彭家湾 (Péngjiāwān)
• 彭巴草原
• 彭店 (Péngdiàn)
• 彭張 / 彭张
• 彭排
• 彭殤 / 彭殇
• 彭湃
• 彭澤 / 彭泽 (Péngzé)
• 彭澤宰 / 彭泽宰
• 彭畈 (Péngfàn)
• 彭祖
• 彭聃
• 彭莊 / 彭庄 (Péngzhuāng)
• 彭蠡
• 彭蠡湖
• 彭越
• 彭郎磯 / 彭郎矶
• 彭門山 / 彭门山
• 彭陽 / 彭阳 (Péngyáng, “Pengyang”)
• 彭龍 / 彭龙 (Pénglóng)
• 朱彭 (Zhūpéng)

Descendants

• → English: Peng, P'eng, Pang, Pee

Pronunciation 2

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): páng (pang²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄆㄤˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): pong⁴

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: páng
    • Zhuyin: ㄆㄤˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: páng
    • Wade–Giles: pʻang²
    • Yale: páng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: parng
    • Palladius: пан (pan)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰɑŋ³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: pong⁴
    • Yale: pòhng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: pong⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: pong⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰɔːŋ²¹/

Definitions

彭

1. alternative form of 旁 (“side; near”)

Pronunciation 3

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): bāng (bang¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄅㄤ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): bong¹

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: bāng
    • Zhuyin: ㄅㄤ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: bang
    • Wade–Giles: pang¹
    • Yale: bāng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bang
    • Palladius: бан (ban)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɑŋ⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: bong¹
    • Yale: bōng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: bong¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: bong¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɔːŋ⁵⁵/

Definitions

彭

1. only used in 彭彭

Further reading

• “彭”, in 重編國語辭典修訂本 [Revised Mandarin Chinese Dictionary] (in Chinese), National Academy for Educational Research (Taiwan), 2021.
• Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A01273
• “彭”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
• “彭”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2026.
• “彭”, in 臺灣客語辭典 [Dictionary of Taiwan Hakka] (overall work in Mandarin and Hakka), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2022.
• 李如龙 [Li, Ru-long]; 刘福铸 [Liu, Fu-zhu]; 吴华英 [Wu, Hua-ying]; 黄国城 [Huang, Guo-cheng] (2019), “彭”, in 莆仙方言调查报告 [Investigation Report on Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 264.

Japanese

Kanji

彭

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• On (unclassified): ほう (hō)
• Kun: ゆく (yuku)、みち (michi)、さかん (sakan)
• Nanori: みつる (mitsuru)

Korean

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [pʰɛŋ] ~ [pʰe̞ŋ]
• Phonetic hangul: [팽/펭]

Hanja

彭 (eumhun 성 팽 (seong paeng))

1. Hanja form^? of 팽 (“a surname”).

Vietnamese

Han character

彭: Hán Việt readings: bành (蒲(bồ)庚(canh)切(thiết))
彭: Nôm readings: bành, phình

1. chữ Hán form of Bành (“a surname from Chinese”)
2. chữ Nôm form of bành