caldarium

English

Etymology

Unadapted borrowing from Latin caldārium (“room containing warm water for bathing”), substantive of caldārius (“of, pertaining to or suitable for bathing”), from caldus (“warm, hot”) + -ārius, alternative form of calidus, from caleō (“I am warm or hot; glow”).

Noun

caldarium (plural caldaria)

1. In Roman baths, the hottest room, with a plunge-pool. It preceded the tepidarium and frigidarium.
2. In modern spas, a room with a hot floor.

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French

Noun

caldarium m (plural caldariums)

1. caldarium

Further reading

• “caldarium”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

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Latin

Alternative forms

• calidārium

Etymology

From caldus (“warm in temperature”, alternative form of calidus) +‎ -ārium (improperly for an adjective), via *caldārius.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /kalˈdaː.ri.um/, [käɫ̪ˈd̪äːriʊ̃ˑ]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /kalˈda.ri.um/, [käl̪ˈd̪äːrium]

Noun

caldārium n (genitive caldāriī or caldārī); second declension

1. A warm bath.

   Synonym: caldāria

2. A room containing warm water for bathing, caldarium.
3. (Late Latin, Vulgar Latin) cooking pot
4. (Vulgar Latin, Medieval Latin) skeel, a broad and shallow vessel to contain hot water

Declension

Second-declension noun (neuter).

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	caldārium	caldāria
Genitive	caldāriī caldārī1	caldāriōrum
Dative	caldāriō	caldāriīs
Accusative	caldārium	caldāria
Ablative	caldāriō	caldāriīs
Vocative	caldārium	caldāria

¹Found in older Latin (until the Augustan Age).

Related terms

• caldāmentum
• caldāria
• caldāriola
• caldor
• caleō
• calida
• calidē
• calidum
• calidus

 

Descendants

• Asturian: calderu
• Catalan: calder
• → English: caldarium
• → French: caldarium
• Galician: caldeiro
• Italian: caldaio
• → Italian: calidario
• Occitan: caudièr
• Portuguese: caldeiro
• Romanian: căldare
• Sardinian: cadhàrgiu, caddàrgiu, cadharzu, cadraxu, cadràgiu, cradhaxu
• Spanish: caldero
• → Albanian: kaldar
• → Byzantine Greek: καλδάριον (kaldárion), καρδάριν (kardárin)
  • Greek: καρδάρι (kardári)
    • ⇒ Greek: καρδάρα (kardára)
      • → Bulgarian: ка́рда (kárda), га́рда (gárda)
  • → Ottoman Turkish: كردل (gerdel), كردر (gerder), كرد‌ه‌ل (gerdel)
    • Turkish: gerdel
    • → Arabic: جَرْدَل (jardal)
    • → Armenian: կէռտէլ (kēṙtēl)
    • → Greek: γκερδέλι (gkerdéli), γερδέλι (gerdéli)

References

• “caldarium”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “caldarium”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin