السبت

Arabic

Etymology

From the root س ب ت (s-b-t) meaning "to rest or hibernate", "to cease", "to stop or be still", "to be motionless", "to be quiet"; the religious sense likely being borrowed from the Hebrew שַׁבָּת (shabbát, “weekly day of rest”). Ultimately stemming from Proto-Semitic *ṯabat- (“to be still, fixed, or staying”), doublet of the native Arabic ثَبَتَ (ṯabata). Related to Akkadian 𒋛𒁍𒌅 (se-bu-tu /⁠sebûtu⁠/, “seventh day of the month”), a holiday term that is paired with Akkadian 𒌓𒌋𒐊𒄰 (UD.15.KAM /⁠šapattu, šabattu⁠/, “two-week duration, the new and full moon”, literally “a day of the cessation”). The latter is a commemoration of the creating of mankind that caused the unrest of the Igigi to cease, followed by the gods seeking to quiet the racket of the needy mankind through the Deluge; practiced by restricting certain activities to give the gods a day of quiet.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /as.sabt/

Noun

السَّبْت • (as-sabt) m

1. Saturday, the cessation or last day of the week
2. the Sabbath
3. the duration of a week, seven-day cycle

Declension

Declension of noun السَّبْت (as-sabt)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	—	السَّبْت as-sabt	—
Nominative	—	السَّبْتُ as-sabtu	—
Accusative	—	السَّبْتَ as-sabta	—
Genitive	—	السَّبْتِ as-sabti	—

Declension of noun سَبْت (sabt)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سَبْت sabt	السَّبْت as-sabt	سَبْت sabt
Nominative	سَبْتٌ sabtun	السَّبْتُ as-sabtu	سَبْتُ sabtu
Accusative	سَبْتًا sabtan	السَّبْتَ as-sabta	سَبْتَ sabta
Genitive	سَبْتٍ sabtin	السَّبْتِ as-sabti	سَبْتِ sabti
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سَبْتَيْن sabtayn	السَّبْتَيْن as-sabtayn	سَبْتَيْ sabtay
Nominative	سَبْتَانِ sabtāni	السَّبْتَانِ as-sabtāni	سَبْتَا sabtā
Accusative	سَبْتَيْنِ sabtayni	السَّبْتَيْنِ as-sabtayni	سَبْتَيْ sabtay
Genitive	سَبْتَيْنِ sabtayni	السَّبْتَيْنِ as-sabtayni	سَبْتَيْ sabtay
Plural	basic broken plural triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سُبُوت subūt	السُّبُوت as-subūt	سُبُوت subūt
Nominative	سُبُوتٌ subūtun	السُّبُوتُ as-subūtu	سُبُوتُ subūtu
Accusative	سُبُوتًا subūtan	السُّبُوتَ as-subūta	سُبُوتَ subūta
Genitive	سُبُوتٍ subūtin	السُّبُوتِ as-subūti	سُبُوتِ subūti

Synonyms

• يَوْم السَّبْت (yawm as-sabt)

Descendants

• → Afar: sábti
• → Malagasy: asabotsy
• → Somali: sábti

See also

• (days of the week) أَيَّامُ الْأُسْبُوع (ʔayyāmu al-ʔusbūʕ); الْأَحَد (al-ʔaḥad), الْاِثْنَيْن (al-iṯnayn), الثُّلَاثَاء (aṯ-ṯulāṯāʔ), الْأَرْبِعَاء (al-ʔarbiʕāʔ), الْخَمِيس (al-ḵamīs), الْجُمُعَة (al-jumuʕa), السَّبْت (as-sabt) ^{(Category: ar:Days of the week)}

References

• Lane, Edward William (1863) “سبت”, in Arabic-English Lexicon‎^[1], London: Williams & Norgate, pages 1287-1289
• šabattu, © Association Assyrophile de France, last updated 2017.
• sebe in Black, Jeremy, George, Andrew, Postgate, Nicholas (2000) A Concise Dictionary of Akkadian, 2nd corrected edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz Verlag, page 319

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Moroccan Arabic

Etymology

From Arabic السَّبْت (as-sabt).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɪs.sabt/

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

السبت • (es-sabt) m

1. Saturday

   Synonym: يوم السبت (yūm es-sabt)

See also

• (days of the week) إيام الأسبوع (ʔiyyām el-ʔusbūʕ); الحد (el-ḥadd), التنين (et-tnayn, et-tnīn), التلات (et-tlāt), الاربع (l-ārbaʕ)/الاربعة (l-ārbʕa), الخميس (el-ḵmīs, le-ḵmīs), الجمعة (ej-jamʕa), السبت (es-sabt) ^{(Category: ary:Days of the week)}

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South Levantine Arabic

Etymology

From Arabic السَّبْت (as-sabt).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /is.sabt/, [ɪsˈsab(ɪ)t]

• Audio (Amman):

  (file)

Proper noun

السبت • (is-sabt) m

1. Saturday

   Synonym: يوم السبت (yōm is-sabt)

See also

• (days of the week) أيّام الأسبوع (ʔayyām il-ʔusbūʕ); الأحد (il-ʔaḥad), الإتنين (il-ʔitnēn), التلاتا (it-talāta), الأربعا (il-ʔarbiʕa), الخميس (il-ḵamīs), الجمعة (il-jumʕa), السبت (is-sabt) ^{(Category: ajp:Days of the week)}