Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/bʰeh₂g-

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This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Reconstruction

This root presumably could have an *a, but the short vowel of IIr. *bʰaga can easily be exlained by Lubotsky's Law , from the loss of the laryngeal in front of a voiced stop plus another consonant; this condition would have been given, for instance, in athematic verb forms, such as *bʰags- [1] [2]

Alternative reconstructions

Root

*bʰeh₂g-

  1. to divide, distribute, allot

Derived terms

Template:PIE root see

  • *bʰeh₂g-(e)h₂ (feminine or collective)[5]
    • Armenian:
      • Old Armenian: բակ (bak, “courtyard; sheep pen; sun or moon halo ← *landed allotment, encircled estate”) (alternatively, a borrowing from the Indo-Iranian cognate *bʰāgá-)
  • *bʰeh₂g-ó-s m (“portion, share”)[5][2]
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰaHgás
      • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *bʰaHgás
      • Proto-Iranian: *baHgáh[6]
        • Baluchi: باگ (bág, “garden”)
        • Avestan 𐬠𐬁𐬔𐬀 (bāga, “part”)
        • Old Persian: *𐎲𐎠𐎥 (bāga)
          • Middle Persian: bʾg (bāğ, “garden, orchard”)
            • Persian: باغ (bâğ) (see there for further descendants)
            • → Classical Syriac: ܒܓܐ (bāḡā, “garden”)
            • → Classical Mandaic: [script needed] (baga, “garden”)
            • → Jewish Babylonian Aramaic: באגא (“outskirts of a town”)
          • → Official Aramaic: 𐡂𐡁 (bg, “agricultural domain, fief”)[7]
        • Sogdian: 𐼱𐼰𐼲 (βʾɣ, “garden”)
  • *bʰh₂g-ó-s
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰagás (see there for further descendants)
  • *bʰéh₂g-ti-s ~ *bʰh₂g-téy-s
  • *bʰh₂g-tó-s
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰaktás (see there for further descendants)
  • Unsorted formations:
    • Proto-Tocharian: *pāke (“part, portion, share, piece”)[8] (or borrowed from the Iranian cognate)

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 65
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Beekes, Robert S. P. (2011) Comparative Indo-European Linguistics: An Introduction, 2nd edition, revised and corrected by Michiel de Vaan, Amsterdam, Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company, page 1543 Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name "Beekes" defined multiple times with different content
  3. ^ Cheung, Johnny (2007) Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 1–2
  4. ^ Rastorgujeva, V. S., Edelʹman, D. I. (2003) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume II, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, page 55
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Martirosyan, Hrach (2013) “The place of Armenian in the Indo-European language family: the relationship with Greek and Indo-Iranian”, in Journal of Language Relationship‎[1], number 10, page 99
  6. ^ Rastorgujeva, V. S., Edelʹman, D. I. (2003) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume II, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, page 51
  7. ^ Hinz, Walther (1975) Altiranisches Sprachgut der Nebenüberlieferungen (Göttinger Orientforschungen, Reihe III, Iranica; 3)‎[2] (in German), Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, page 53
  8. ^ Adams, Douglas Q. (2013) A Dictionary of Tocharian B: Revised and Greatly Enlarged (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 10), Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi, →ISBN, pages 388—389
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