باغ

See also: تاغ‎ and باع‎

Khalaj

Noun

باغ (bâğ) (definite accusative باغؽ‎, plural باغلار‎)

1. Arabic spelling of bâğ (“garden”)

Declension

Declension of باغ

	singular	plural
nominative	باغ	باغلار‎
genitive	باغؽیݧ‎	باغلارؽیݧ‎
dative	باغقا‎	باغلارقا‎
definite accusative	باغؽ‎	باغلارؽ‎
locative	باغچا‎	باغلارچا‎
ablative	باغدان‎	باغلاردان‎
instrumental	باغلان‎	باغلارلان‎
equative	باغوارا‎	باغلاروارا‎
quantitative	باغقَدَر‎	باغلارقَدَر‎

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

From Persian باغ‎ (bâğ), from Middle Persian 𐭡𐭠𐭢‎ (bāɣ, “garden, orchard”), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *bʰāgás (“portion, share, allotment”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂g- (“to divide, distribute, allot”).

Noun

باغ • (bağ)

1. garden, orchard
2. vineyard, a grape plantation

Derived terms

• باغبان‎ (bağban, “gardener”)
• باغجی‎ (bağcı, “worker in a vineyard”)

 

Related terms

• باغچه‎ (bağça)

Descendants

• Turkish: bağ

Further reading

• Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007), “bağ”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 425
• Kélékian, Diran (1911), “باغ”, in Dictionnaire turc-français, Constantinople: Mihran, page 242
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680), “باغ”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum, Vienna, column 670
• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–), “bağ”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
• Redhouse, James W. (1890), “باغ”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 329

Pashto

Etymology

Modern borrowing from Persian. Replacing the original بڼ‎ in certain areas.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /bɑɣ/
• (east-central) IPA^(key): /boɣ/

Noun

باغ • (bâǧ) m

1. garden

Alternative forms

• بڼ‎ (baṇ)

References

• Raverty, H. G. (1867), “باغ”, in A dictionary of the Puk'hto, Pus'hto, or language of the Afghans: with remarks on the originality of the language, and its affinity to other oriental tongues, London: Williams & Nortgate

Persian

FWOTD – 14 February 2013

باغ

Etymology

From Middle Persian 𐭡𐭠𐭢‎ (bāɣ), from Old Persian *bāgah (“garden, orchard”), from Proto-Iranian *bāgáh, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *bʰāgás (“portion, share, allotment”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂g- (“to divide, distribute, allot”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [bɑːɣ]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [bɑːɣ]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [bɑːɣ]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [bɑːɣ]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [bɔːɣ]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [bɒːɢ̥]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [bɔʁ]

Readings
Classical reading?	bāğ
Dari reading?	bāğ
Iranian reading?	bâğ
Tajik reading?	boġ

• audio (Iranian Persian)

  (file)

Noun

Dari	باغ
Iranian Persian
Tajik	боғ

باغ • (bâğ) (plural باغ‌ها‎ (bâğ-hâ) or باغات‎ (bâğât))

1. garden, orchard, bagh
   • 1207-73, Rumi, “بی‌همگان بسر شود، بی‌تو بسر نمی‌شود”, Divan-e Shams:

     ‏بی‌تو اگر بسر شدی، زیر جهان زبر شدی – باغ ارم سقر شود، بی‌تو بسر نمی‌شود‎

     bi-to agar besar šodi, zir-e jahân zebar šodi – bâğ-e eram saqar šavad, bi-to besar nemi-šavad

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

   • 858-941, Rudaki, “عصا بیار که وقت عصا و انبان بود”:

     ‏بسا شکسته بیابان که باغ خرم بود – و باغ خرم گشت آن کجا بیابان بود‎

     basâ šekaste biâbân ke bâğ-e xorram bud – va bâğ-e xorram gašt ân kojâ biâbân bud

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Inflection

Enclitic-attached forms of باغ (bâğ) (Iranian Persian)
Basic forms of باغ (bâğ) singular plural bare باغ (bâğ) باغ‌ها (bâğ-hấ) باغا △ (bâğấ) definitive direct object باغ را (bâğ râ) باغ رو △ (bâğo) باغ‌ها را (bâğ-hấ râ) باغا رو △ (bâğấ ro) ezâfe باغ (bâğ-e) باغ‌های (bâğ-hấ-ye) باغای △ (bâğấ-ye) marked indefinite or relative definite باغی (bâğ-i) باغ‌هایی (bâğấn-i, bâğ-hấ-i) باغایی △ (bâğấi) △ Colloquial.

Synonyms

• بوستان‎ (bustân)

Derived terms

• باغچه‎ (bâğče)
• باغبان‎ (bâğbân)
• باغبانی‎ (bâğbâni)
• باغ وحش‎ (bâğ-e vahš)

Descendants

• → Armenian: բաղ (baġ)
• → Azerbaijani: bağ
• → Bengali: বাগ (bag)
• → Crimean Tatar: bağ
• → English: bagh
• → Gilaki: باغ‎ (båğ)
• → Georgian: ბაღი (baɣi)
• → Hindustani:
  • Hindi: बाग़ (bāġ)
  • Urdu: باغ‎ (bāġ)
• → Kazakh: бақ (baq), бау (bau)
• → Khalaj: bâğ
• → Kipchak: باغ‎ (bağ)
• → Ottoman Turkish: باغ‎ (bağ)
  • Turkish: bağ
• → Pashto: باغ‎ (bâǧ)
• → Punjabi: ਬਾਗ (bāg)
• → Uyghur: باغ‎ (bagh)
• → Uzbek: bogʻ
• → Sarikoli: bā̊ɣ

References

• Dehkhoda, Ali-Akbar (1931–), “باغ”, in Dehkhoda Dictionary Institute, editors, Dehkhoda Dictionary (in Persian), Tehran: University of Tehran Press
• MacKenzie, D. N. (1971), “bāɣ”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press

Urdu

باغ

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian باغ‎ (bāğ).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /bɑːɣ/

• Audio (PK – Punjab)

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɑːɣ

Noun

باغ • (bāġ) m (Hindi spelling बाग़)

1. garden
2. orchard; grove
3. land, area

Declension

Declension of باغ
	singular	plural
direct	باغ (bāġ)	باغ (bāġ)
oblique	باغ (bāġ)	باغوں‎ (bāġō̃)
vocative	باغ (bāġ)	باغو‎ (bāġō)

Derived terms

• باغْچَہ‎ (bāġca, “small garden”)
• باغْ و بَہار‎ (bāġ-o-bahār, “splendor”, literally “garden and spring”)
• باغِ عَدَن‎ (bāġ-e-adan, “Garden of Eden”)
• باغِ بَہِشْت‎ (bāġ-e-bahišt, “garden of Paradise”)
• باغِ عِشْق‎ (bāġ-e-'iśq, “garden of love”)
• باغْبان‎ (bāġbān, “gardener”)

References

• “باغ”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
• Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971), “باغ”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary‎, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co.
• Platts, John Thompson (1884), “باغ”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co., →ISBN, →OCLC
• “باغ”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English] (in English), Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2023.

Ushojo

Etymology

From Urdu باغ‎ (bāğ).

Noun

باغ (bāğ)

1. garden
2. orchard

Uyghur

Etymology

Borrowed from Persian باغ‎ (bâğ), from Middle Persian 𐭡𐭠𐭢‎ (bāɣ, “garden, orchard”).

Noun

باغ • (bagh) (plural باغلار‎ (baghlar))

1. garden
2. orchard

   ‏ئالمىلىق باغ‎ ― almiliq bagh ― apple orchard