فردوس

See also: الفردوس

Arabic

Etymology

An Iranian borrowing, ultimately from Proto-Iranian *paridayjah. According to Eilers, an Iranian form *parādēs, which resembles the very common broken plural pattern فَعَالِيق (faʕālīq), was perhaps borrowed as a plural فَرَادِيس (farādīs) and the singular فِرْدَوْس (firdaws) created as a back-formation from it. However, the plural فَرَادِيس (farādīs) could have been borrowed from Ancient Greek παράδεισος (parádeisos) instead.

Noun

فِرْدَوْس • (firdaws) m or f (plural فَرَادِيس (farādīs))

1. a group of gardens, Elysium, Eden, heaven, Heaven, paradise

   Synonyms: جَنَّة (janna), نَعِيم (naʕīm)

   Antonyms: سَعِير (saʕīr), لَظَىٰ (laẓā), النَّار (an-nār), جَهَنَّم (jahannam), جَحِيم (jaḥīm), حُطَمَة (ḥuṭama), سَقَر (saqar), هَاوِيَة (hāwiya)

   1. The Paradise/Firdaus; the highest place in the celestial garden.

      Antonym: دَرْك (dark)

Declension

Declension of noun فِرْدَوْس (firdaws)

singular	basic singular triptote
	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	فِرْدَوْس firdaws	الْفِرْدَوْس al-firdaws	فِرْدَوْس firdaws
nominative	فِرْدَوْسٌ firdawsun	الْفِرْدَوْسُ al-firdawsu	فِرْدَوْسُ firdawsu
accusative	فِرْدَوْسًا firdawsan	الْفِرْدَوْسَ al-firdawsa	فِرْدَوْسَ firdawsa
genitive	فِرْدَوْسٍ firdawsin	الْفِرْدَوْسِ al-firdawsi	فِرْدَوْسِ firdawsi
dual	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	فِرْدَوْسَيْن firdawsayn	الْفِرْدَوْسَيْن al-firdawsayn	فِرْدَوْسَيْ firdawsay
nominative	فِرْدَوْسَانِ firdawsāni	الْفِرْدَوْسَانِ al-firdawsāni	فِرْدَوْسَا firdawsā
accusative	فِرْدَوْسَيْنِ firdawsayni	الْفِرْدَوْسَيْنِ al-firdawsayni	فِرْدَوْسَيْ firdawsay
genitive	فِرْدَوْسَيْنِ firdawsayni	الْفِرْدَوْسَيْنِ al-firdawsayni	فِرْدَوْسَيْ firdawsay
plural	basic broken plural diptote
	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	فَرَادِيس farādīs	الْفَرَادِيس al-farādīs	فَرَادِيس farādīs
nominative	فَرَادِيسُ farādīsu	الْفَرَادِيسُ al-farādīsu	فَرَادِيسُ farādīsu
accusative	فَرَادِيسَ farādīsa	الْفَرَادِيسَ al-farādīsa	فَرَادِيسَ farādīsa
genitive	فَرَادِيسَ farādīsa	الْفَرَادِيسِ al-farādīsi	فَرَادِيسِ farādīsi

Related terms

• اَلْفِرْدَوْس (al-firdaws)
• فِرْدَوْسِيّ (firdawsiyy)

Descendants

• Hijazi Arabic: فردوس (firdōs)
• → Classical Persian: فردوس (firdaus)
  • Dari: فردوس (firdaus)
  • Iranian Persian: فردوس (ferdous)
  • Tajik: фирдавс (firdavs)
  • → Pashto: فردوس (firdaws)
  • → Urdu: فردوس (firdaus)
  • → Bengali: ফেরদৌস (pherdōus)
• → Old Anatolian Turkish: فردوس (firdevs)
  • Azerbaijani: firdövs
  • Ottoman Turkish: فردوس (firdevs)
    • Turkish: firdevs

Malay

Noun

فردوس (uncountable)

1. Jawi spelling of firdaus.‎

Proper noun

فردوس

1. Jawi spelling of Firdaus.‎

Old Anatolian Turkish

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic فِرْدَوْس (firdaws, “paradise, Heaven”), ultimately from Proto-Iranian *paridayjah.

Noun

فردوس • (firdevs) (definite accusative فردوسی (firdevsi), plural فرادیس (ferādis))

1. garden, park, any outdoor, luxuriant area where plants are grown for ornamental purposes

   Synonyms: باغ (baġ), باغچه (baġçe), جنت (cennet)

2. (religion) Heaven, paradise, the abode of God or the gods, when considered as a specific location

   Synonyms: اوچمق (uçmaq), جنت (cennet), بهشت (behişt)

Derived terms

• فردوسی (firdevsī, “heavenly, paradisiac”)

Descendants

• Azerbaijani: firdövs
• Ottoman Turkish: فردوس (firdevs)
  • Turkish: firdevs

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

Inherited from Old Anatolian Turkish فردوس (firdevs), from Arabic فِرْدَوْس (firdaws, “paradise, Heaven”), ultimately from Proto-Iranian *paridayjah.

Noun

فردوس • (firdevs) (definite accusative فردوسی (firdevsi), plural فرادیس (feradis))

1. (originally) garden, park, any outdoor, luxuriant area where plants are grown for ornamental purposes

   Synonyms: باغ (bağ), باغچه (bağçe), جنت (cennet)

2. (religion) Heaven, paradise, the abode of God or the gods, when considered as a specific location

   Synonyms: اوچماق (uçmak), جنت (cennet)

Derived terms

• فردوس آشیان (firdevs aşiyan, “deceased, received to Glory”)
• فردوسی (firdevsî, “heavenly, paradisiac”)

Descendants

• Turkish: firdevs

Further reading

click to expand

• Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007), “firdevs”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 1596
• Devellioğlu, Ferit (1962), “firdevs”, in Osmanlıca-Türkçe Ansiklopedik Lûgat‎‎^[2] (in Turkish), Istanbul: Türk Dil Kurumu, page 320
• Kélékian, Diran (1911), “فردوس”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎^[3] (in French), Constantinople: Mihran, page 892
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687), “Paradisus”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎^[4], Vienna, column 1240
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680), “فردوس”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎^[5], Vienna, column 3492
• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–), “firdevs”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
• Redhouse, James W. (1890), “فردوس”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[6], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1374

Pashto

Etymology

From Persian فردوس.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /fɪrˈd̪aws/

Noun

فردوس • (firdaws) m

1. the highest level of paradise

Synonyms

• جنت (jannat)

Persian

Etymology

Reborrowed from Arabic فِرْدَوْس (firdaws), ultimately from Proto-Iranian *paridayjah, like the native پالیز (pālēz / pâliz).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /fir.ˈdaws/

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [fɪɾ.d̪áws]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [fɪɾ.d̪áws]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [fɪɾ.d̪áws]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [fiɾ.d̪áws]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [feɹ.d̪óws]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [fiɾ.d̪áws]

Readings
Classical reading?	firdaws
Dari reading?	firdaws
Iranian reading?	ferdows
Tajik reading?	firdavs

Noun

فردوس • (firdaws / ferdows) (plural فرادیس (farādīs / farâdis), Tajik spelling фирдавс)

1. paradise
2. garden, vineyard
3. fertile valley

Synonyms

• پردیس (pardēs / pardis)
• (paradise): بهشت (bihišt / behešt)
• (garden): باغ (bāġ / bâġ)

Derived terms

• فردوسی (firdawsī / ferdowsi)

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian فردوس (firdaws), from Arabic فِرْدَوْس (firdaws), ultimately from Proto-Iranian *paridayjah.

Noun

فردوس • (firdaus) m (Hindi spelling फ़िरदौस)

1. paradise
2. garden