Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/mǫžь

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *mangjas, from Proto-Indo-European *mongʷyos, from *mon- (“man”). For the suffix, compare Old Lithuanian žmuõ, modern Lithuanian žmogùs.

Noun

*mǫ̑žь m

1. man
2. husband

Inflection

Declension of *mǫ̑žь (soft o-stem, accent paradigm c)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*mǫ̑žь	*mǫ̑ža	*mǫ̑ži
genitive	*mǫ̑ža	*mǫžù	*mǫ̃žь
dative	*mǫ̑žu	*mǫžemà	*mǫžèmъ
accusative	*mǫ̑žь	*mǫ̑ža	*mǫ̑žę̇
instrumental	*mǫ̑žьmь, *mǫ̑žemь*	*mǫžemà	*mǫží
locative	*mǫ̑ži	*mǫžù	*mǫžĩxъ
vocative	*mǫžu	*mǫ̑ža	*mǫ̑ži

^* -ьmь in North Slavic, -emь in South Slavic.

See also

Proto-Slavic family terms

*sěmьja, *rodina (“family”)	Male	Female
parent	*otъ, *otьcь (“father”) nursery: *tata	*mati (“mother”) nursery: *mama
sibling	*bratrъ (“brother”)	*sestra (“sister”)
child	*synъ (“son”)	*dъťi (“daughter”)
grandparent	– (“grandfather”) nursery: *dědъ; *nana	*ova (“grandmother”) nursery: *baba; *nena
grandchild	*vъnukъ (“grandson”)	*vъnuka (“granddaughter”)
stepparent	*otьčimъ (“stepfather”)	*maťexa (“stepmother”)
stepchild	*pastorъkъ (“stepson”)	*pastorъka (“stepdaughter”)
father's sibling	*strъjь (“paternal uncle”) nursery: *dada; *lola	– (“paternal aunt”) nursery: *teta; *lelja
mother's sibling	*ujь (“maternal uncle”) nursery: *dada; *lola	– (“maternal aunt”) nursery: *teta; *lelja
sibling's child	*netьjь (“nephew”)	*nestera (“niece”)
spouse	*mǫžь (“husband”)	*žena (“wife”)
parent of wife	*tьstь (“father-in-law (wife's father)”)	*tьšča (“mother-in-law (wife's mother)”)
parent of husband	*svekrъ (“father-in-law (husband's father)”)	*svekry (“mother-in-law (husband's father)”)
sibling of wife	*šurь (“brother-in-law (wife's brother)”)	*svěstь, *svьstь (“sister-in-law (wife's sister)”)
sibling of husband	*děverь (“brother-in-law (husband's brother)”)	*zъly (“sister-in-law (husband's sister)”)
spouse of child	*zętь (“son-in-law (daughter's husband)”)	*snъxa (“daughter-in-law (son's wife)”)
spouse of husband's brother	–	*ętry (“sister-in-law (husband's brother's wife)”)

Derived terms

• *mǫžikъ

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Belarusian: муж (muž)
  • Russian: муж (muž)
  • Carpathian Rusyn: муж (muž)
  • Ukrainian: муж (muž)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Old Cyrillic script: мѫжь (mǫžĭ)

    Glagolitic script: ⰿⱘⰶⱐ (mǫžĭ)

  • Bulgarian: мъж (mǎž) (pre-reform: мѫжь (mǫžʹ))
  • Macedonian: маж (maž)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: му̑ж

    Latin script: mȗž

  • Slovene: mọ̑ž (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Czech: muž
  • Kashubian: mąż
  • Polish: mąż
  • Slovak: muž
  • Sorbian:
    • Lower Sorbian: muž
    • Upper Sorbian: muž