Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/bratrъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic *brā́ˀtē, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰréh₂tēr.

Noun

*bràtrъ or *bràtъ m

1. brother

Declension

Declension of *bràtrъ (hard o-stem, accent paradigm a)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*bràtrъ	*bràtra	*bràtri
genitive	*bràtra	*bràtru	*bràtrъ
dative	*bràtru	*bràtroma	*bràtromъ
accusative	*bràtrъ	*bràtra	*bràtry
instrumental	*bràtrъmь, *bràtromь*	*bràtroma	*bràtrȳ
locative	*bràtrě	*bràtru	*bràtrě̄xъ
vocative	*bràtre	*bràtra	*bràtri

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Derived terms

• *bràtinъ (“brother”)
• *bràtьcь (“brother”)
• *bràtьskъ, *bràtrьskъ (“brotherly”)
• *bràtrina, *bràtina (“fraternity”)
• *bràtriti (“to fraternise”)
• *bràtrьja, *bràtьja (“brothers (collectively)”)
• *bràtrьstvo (“brotherhood, fraternity”)

Descendants

• East Slavic
  • Old East Slavic: братъ (bratŭ)
    • Old Ruthenian: братъ (brat)
      • Belarusian: брат (brat)
      • Carpathian Rusyn: брат (brat)
      • Ukrainian: брат (brat)
    • Russian: брат (brat) (see there for further descendants)
  • Old Novgorodian: брате (brate)
• South Slavic
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Old Cyrillic script: братръ (bratrŭ), братъ (bratŭ)

    Glagolitic script: ⰱⱃⰰⱅⱃⱏ (bratrŭ)

  • Bulgarian: брат (brat)
  • Macedonian: брат (brat)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: бра̏т

    Latin script: brȁt

  • Slovene: brȁt (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: bratr, brat
    • Czech: bratr
  • Old Polish: brat, bratr, bracia
    • Polish: brat
    • Silesian: brat
  • Polabian: brot
  • Pomeranian:
    • Kashubian: brat
    • Slovincian: brat
  • Old Slovak: brat, brater, bratr
    • Pannonian Rusyn: брат (brat)
    • Slovak: brat
  • Sorbian:
    • Lower Sorbian: bratš
    • Upper Sorbian: bratr

Non-Slavic:

• → Hungarian: barát
  • → Romanian: bărat
• → Romanian: brat

See also

Proto-Slavic family terms

*sěmьja, *rodina (“family”)	Male	Female
parent	*otъ, *otьcь (“father”) nursery: *tata	*mati (“mother”) nursery: *mama
sibling	*bratrъ (“brother”)	*sestra (“sister”)
child	*synъ (“son”)	*dъťi (“daughter”)
grandparent	– (“grandfather”) nursery: *dědъ; *nana	*ova (“grandmother”) nursery: *baba; *nena
grandchild	*vъnukъ (“grandson”)	*vъnuka (“granddaughter”)
stepparent	*otьčimъ (“stepfather”)	*maťexa (“stepmother”)
stepchild	*pastorъkъ (“stepson”)	*pastorъka (“stepdaughter”)
father's sibling	*strъjь (“paternal uncle”) nursery: *dada; *lola	– (“paternal aunt”) nursery: *teta; *lelja
mother's sibling	*ujь (“maternal uncle”) nursery: *dada; *lola	– (“maternal aunt”) nursery: *teta; *lelja
sibling's child	*netьjь (“nephew”)	*nestera (“niece”)
spouse	*mǫžь (“husband”)	*žena (“wife”)
parent of wife	*tьstь (“father-in-law (wife's father)”)	*tьšča (“mother-in-law (wife's mother)”)
parent of husband	*svekrъ (“father-in-law (husband's father)”)	*svekry (“mother-in-law (husband's father)”)
sibling of wife	*šurь (“brother-in-law (wife's brother)”)	*svěstь, *svьstь (“sister-in-law (wife's sister)”)
sibling of husband	*děverь (“brother-in-law (husband's brother)”)	*zъly (“sister-in-law (husband's sister)”)
spouse of child	*zętь (“son-in-law (daughter's husband)”)	*snъxa (“daughter-in-law (son's wife)”)
spouse of husband's brother	–	*ętry (“sister-in-law (husband's brother's wife)”)