брат
Belarusian[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Old Belarusian братъ (brat), from Old East Slavic братъ (bratŭ), from Proto-Slavic *bratrъ, *bratъ, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰréh₂tēr.
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
брат • (brat) m pers (genitive бра́та, nominative plural браты́, genitive plural брато́ў, feminine сястра́, related adjective бра́цкі or братэ́рскі, diminutive бра́цік)
Declension[edit]
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | брат brat |
браты́ bratý |
genitive | бра́та bráta |
брато́ў bratóŭ |
dative | бра́ту brátu |
брата́м bratám |
accusative | бра́та bráta |
брато́ў bratóŭ |
instrumental | бра́там brátam |
брата́мі bratámi |
locative | бра́це brácje |
брата́х bratáx |
count form | — | бра́ты1 bráty1 |
1Used with the numbers 2, 3, 4 and higher numbers after 20 ending in 2, 3, and 4.
Derived terms[edit]
- бра́цкі (brácki), братэ́рскі (bratérski)
- бра́цтва (bráctva), братэ́рства (bratérstva)
- стрые́чны брат (stryjéčny brat)
Bulgarian[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Proto-Slavic *bratrъ, *bratъ, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰréh₂tēr.
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
брат • (brat) m (related adjective бра́тов or бра́тски, diminutive бра́тец or братле́ or брато́к or бра́тче)
Declension[edit]
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
indefinite | брат brat |
бра́тя, бра́те1, бра́кя1, бра́йкя1, бра́тия2 brátja, bráte1, brákja1, brájkja1, brátija2 |
definite (subject form) |
бра́тът brátǎt |
бра́тята, бра́тете1, бра́кята1, бра́йкята1, бра́тията2 brátjata, brátete1, brákjata1, brájkjata1, brátijata2 |
definite (object form) |
бра́та bráta | |
vocative form | бра́те, бра́тко bráte, brátko |
бра́тя, бра́те1, бра́кя1, бра́йкя1, бра́тия2 brátja, bráte1, brákja1, brájkja1, brátija2 |
1Dialectal.
2Archaic.
Macedonian[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Proto-Slavic *bratrъ, *bratъ, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰréh₂tēr.
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
брат • (brat) m (plural браќа, feminine сестра, related adjective братски, diminutive братче or бато or бате)
- brother
- Брат ми се пресели во Лондон. ― Brat mi se preseli vo London. ― My brother has moved to London.
- bro, mate, pal, buddy (used in informal speech to address somebody)
- Кај си бе, брат? ― Kaj si be, brat? ― What's up, bro?
- (colloquial) Used to designate someone resembling the person in question, especially in character (hyperbolically suggesting that he could therefore be that person's brother).
Usage notes[edit]
- When this word is used in the sense of "brother", the vocative form is mostly "брату". When it's used in the sense of "mate", "pal", or "buddy", the vocative form is mostly "брате". However, in the second sense, the vocative form is not necessarily used. Among youngsters, the basic form "брат" is dominant (and quite popular, at that).
Declension[edit]
Russian[edit]
Alternative forms[edit]
- братъ (brat) – Pre-reform orthography (1918)
Etymology[edit]
Inherited from Old East Slavic братъ (bratŭ), from Proto-Slavic *bratrъ, *bratъ, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰréh₂tēr.
Cognates include Sanskrit भ्रातृ (bhrātṛ), Latin frater, English brother and English pal.
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
брат • (brat) m anim (genitive бра́та, nominative plural бра́тья*, genitive plural бра́тьев*, related adjective бра́тский, diminutive бра́тик or бра́тец or брато́к or брати́шка) (* The soft ending of the plural was originally used for feminine collective nouns, and the meaning of братья then was brotherhood.)
Declension[edit]
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | бра́т brát |
бра́тья△* brátʹja△* |
genitive | бра́та bráta |
бра́тьев△* brátʹjev△* |
dative | бра́ту brátu |
бра́тьям△* brátʹjam△* |
accusative | бра́та bráta |
бра́тьев△* brátʹjev△* |
instrumental | бра́том brátom |
бра́тьями△* brátʹjami△* |
prepositional | бра́те bráte |
бра́тьях△* brátʹjax△* |
vocative | бра́те bráte |
△ Irregular.
* The soft ending of the plural was originally used for feminine collective nouns, and the meaning of братья then was brotherhood.
Derived terms[edit]
Descendants[edit]
- → Yakut: быраат (bıraat)
Rusyn[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Proto-Slavic *bratrъ, *bratъ, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰréh₂tēr.
Noun[edit]
брат • (brat) m
Declension[edit]
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative (номінатів) |
брат | бра́ты |
genitive (ґенітів) |
бра́та | бра́тӱв |
dative (датів) |
бра́тови, бра́ту | бра́тям, бра́тӱм |
accusative (акузатів) |
бра́та | бра́тӱв |
instrumental (інштрументал) |
бра́том | бра́тами |
locative (локал) |
бра́ту | бра́тях |
vocative (вокатів) |
бра́те | бра́ты |
Further reading[edit]
- Kercha, Ihor (2012), “брат”, in Словник русько-русинськый: у 2 т. [Russian-Rusyn Dictionary: in 2 vols] (in Russian, Rusyn), Uzhhorod: PoliPrint
Serbo-Croatian[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Proto-Slavic *bratrъ, *bratъ, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰréh₂tēr.
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
бра̏т m (Latin spelling brȁt)
Usage notes[edit]
There is no plural form for this noun. Instead, the collective term бра̏ћа is used for plural meanings.
Declension[edit]
singular | |
---|---|
nominative | брат |
genitive | брата |
dative | брату |
accusative | брата |
vocative | брате |
locative | брату |
instrumental | братом |
Derived terms[edit]
Ukrainian[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Proto-Slavic *bratrъ, *bratъ, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰréh₂tēr.
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
брат • (brat) m pers (genitive брата́, nominative plural брати́, genitive plural браті́в, related adjective бра́тній or бра́тський or брате́рський, diminutive бра́тик or бра́тець or брату́нь)
- brother (biological sibling)
- brother (member of the Christian brotherhood)
- pal, mate
Declension[edit]
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | брат brat |
брати́ bratý |
genitive | брата́ bratá |
браті́в bratív |
dative | брато́ві, брату́ bratóvi, bratú |
брата́м bratám |
accusative | брата́ bratá |
браті́в bratív |
instrumental | брато́м bratóm |
брата́ми bratámy |
locative | брато́ві, браті́ bratóvi, bratí |
брата́х bratáx |
vocative | бра́те bráte |
брати́ bratý |
Further reading[edit]
- Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “брат”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
- Shyrokov, V. A., editor (2010–2021), “брат”, in Словник української мови: у 20 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 20 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Ukrainian Lingua-Information Fund, →ISBN
- Melnychuk, O. S., editor (1982), “брат”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), volume 1: А – Г, Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, page 246
- “брат”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)
- Belarusian terms inherited from Old Belarusian
- Belarusian terms derived from Old Belarusian
- Belarusian terms inherited from Old East Slavic
- Belarusian terms derived from Old East Slavic
- Belarusian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Belarusian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Belarusian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Belarusian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Belarusian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Belarusian lemmas
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- Belarusian masculine nouns
- Belarusian personal nouns
- Belarusian hard masculine-form nouns
- Belarusian hard masculine-form accent-c nouns
- Belarusian nouns with accent pattern c
- be:Male family members
- Bulgarian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Bulgarian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Bulgarian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Bulgarian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Bulgarian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Bulgarian lemmas
- Bulgarian nouns
- Bulgarian masculine nouns
- bg:Male family members
- Macedonian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Macedonian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Macedonian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Macedonian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Macedonian 1-syllable words
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- Macedonian colloquialisms
- Macedonian masculine nouns with plurals in -а
- Macedonian nouns with final palatalization in their plural forms
- mk:Male family members
- Russian terms inherited from Old East Slavic
- Russian terms derived from Old East Slavic
- Russian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Russian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Russian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Russian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Russian 1-syllable words
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- Rhymes:Russian/at
- Rhymes:Russian/at/1 syllable
- Russian lemmas
- Russian nouns
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- Russian nouns with accent pattern a
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- Russian irregular nouns
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- Russian nouns with irregular genitive plural
- Russian nouns with irregular dative plural
- Russian nouns with irregular instrumental plural
- Russian nouns with irregular prepositional plural
- Russian nouns with vocative singular
- Russian terms of address
- ru:Male family members
- Rusyn terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
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- Rusyn terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
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- Rusyn lemmas
- Rusyn nouns
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- rue:Male family members
- Serbo-Croatian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Serbo-Croatian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Serbo-Croatian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Serbo-Croatian lemmas
- Serbo-Croatian nouns
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- sh:Male family members
- Ukrainian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
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- Ukrainian nouns with accent pattern b
- uk:Male family members