брати
Old Church Slavonic
[edit]Verb
[edit]брати • (brati) impf
- to fight
Conjugation
[edit]singular | dual | plural | |||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
азъ (azŭ) | тꙑ (ty) | тъ (tŭ) | вѣ (vě) | ва (va) | та (ta) | мꙑ (my) | вꙑ (vy) | ти (ti) | |||||||||
борѭ (borjǫ) | борѥши (borješi) | борѥтъ (borjetŭ) | борѥвѣ (borjevě) | борѥта (borjeta) | борѥте (borjete) | борѥмъ (borjemŭ) | борѥте (borjete) | борѭтъ (borjǫtŭ) |
Serbo-Croatian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Proto-Slavic *bьrati.
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]бра̏ти impf (Latin spelling brȁti)
- (transitive) to pick (grasp and pull with the fingers or fingernails)
- (transitive) to pick (to remove a fruit or plant for consumption)
Conjugation
[edit]1 Croatian spelling: others omit the infinitive suffix completely and bind the clitic.
2 For masculine nouns; a feminine or neuter agent would use the feminine and neuter gender forms of the active past participle and auxiliary verb, respectively.
3 Often replaced by the past perfect in colloquial speech, i.e. the auxiliary verb biti (“to be”) is routinely dropped.
4 Often replaced by the conditional I in colloquial speech, i.e. the auxiliary verb biti (“to be”) is routinely dropped.
*Note: The aorist and imperfect were not present in, or have nowadays fallen into disuse in, many dialects and therefore they are routinely replaced by the past perfect in both formal and colloquial speech.
Derived terms
[edit]Ukrainian
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Old East Slavic бьрати (bĭrati), from Proto-Slavic *bьrati. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰer-.
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]бра́ти • (bráty) impf (perfective взя́ти)
- (transitive) to take, to grab; but while брати is generic, дістати means "to take out (from, e.g. the fridge or a box)" and it is followed by the preposition з.
- (transitive) to gather, to pick up
- (transitive) to fetch (liquid)
- (transitive) to pick (mushrooms, berries, etc.)
- (transitive) to pull out (plants, etc.)
- (transitive) to retrieve
- (transitive) to obtain for use
- (transitive) to charge (fine, tax, etc.)
- (transitive) to loan
- (transitive) to capture
- (transitive) to perceive
- (transitive) to bring
- (transitive) to hire, to employ
- (transitive) to arrest
- (transitive, dated sense) to marry
- (transitive, dialectal) to deliver, to assist in the birth of
- (intransitive, colloquial) to eat bait (about fish)
- (intransitive, transitive) to execute an action (about machine, instrument)
- (transitive) to overcome a difficult area, obstacle
- (intransitive, colloquial) to change direction of movement
- (transitive) to fill, to use up (time), to exhauste
- (transitive) to assume control of something (about a feeling, physical condition)
- (transitive, obsolete) to wear
- (intransitive) used before a verb to emphasize imperative mood, or to indicate the beginning of action
Conjugation
[edit]imperfective aspect | ||
---|---|---|
infinitive | бра́ти, брать bráty, bratʹ | |
participles | present tense | past tense |
active | — | — |
passive | — | — |
adverbial | беручи́ beručý |
бра́вши brávšy |
present tense | future tense | |
1st singular я |
беру́ berú |
бу́ду бра́ти, бу́ду бра́ть, бра́тиму búdu bráty, búdu brátʹ, brátymu |
2nd singular ти |
бере́ш beréš |
бу́деш бра́ти, бу́деш бра́ть, бра́тимеш búdeš bráty, búdeš brátʹ, brátymeš |
3rd singular він / вона / воно |
бере́ beré |
бу́де бра́ти, бу́де бра́ть, бра́тиме búde bráty, búde brátʹ, brátyme |
1st plural ми |
бере́м, беремо́ berém, beremó |
бу́демо бра́ти, бу́демо бра́ть, бра́тимемо, бра́тимем búdemo bráty, búdemo brátʹ, brátymemo, brátymem |
2nd plural ви |
берете́ bereté |
бу́дете бра́ти, бу́дете бра́ть, бра́тимете búdete bráty, búdete brátʹ, brátymete |
3rd plural вони |
беру́ть berútʹ |
бу́дуть бра́ти, бу́дуть бра́ть, бра́тимуть búdutʹ bráty, búdutʹ brátʹ, brátymutʹ |
imperative | singular | plural |
first-person | — | бері́м, бері́мо berím, berímo |
second-person | бери́ berý |
бері́ть berítʹ |
past tense | singular | plural ми / ви / вони |
masculine я / ти / він |
брав brav |
бра́ли brály |
feminine я / ти / вона |
бра́ла brála | |
neuter воно |
бра́ло brálo |
Derived terms
[edit]- бери́ ви́ще (berý výšče)
- біс бери (bis bery)
- брати акорди (braty akordy)
- брати бика за роги (braty byka za rohy)
- брати в роботу (braty v robotu)
- брати в тямки (braty v tjamky)
- брати верх (braty verx)
- брати відпустку (braty vidpustku)
- брати до відома (braty do vidoma)
- брати до серця (braty do sercja)
- брати до уваги (braty do uvahy)
- брати з бою (braty z boju)
- брати за барки (braty za barky)
- брати за душу (braty za dušu)
- брати за живе (braty za žyve)
- брати м'ячі (braty mʺjači)
- брати на глум (braty na hlum)
- брати на замок (braty na zamok)
- брати на зуби (braty na zuby)
- брати на муки (braty na muky)
- брати на розум (braty na rozum)
- брати ноги на плечі (braty nohy na pleči)
- брати ноту (braty notu)
- брати очі на себе (braty oči na sebe)
- брати початок (braty počatok)
- брати приклад (braty pryklad)
- брати розгін (braty rozhin)
- брати розлуку (braty rozluku)
- брати рушники (braty rušnyky)
- брати своє (braty svoje)
- брати слово (braty slovo)
- брати сміливість (braty smilyvistʹ)
- брати у прийми (braty u pryjmy)
- брати уроки (braty uroky)
- брати участь (braty učastʹ)
- брати ціль (braty cilʹ)
- брати шлюб (braty šljub)
- дрижаки́ беру́ть (dryžaký berútʹ)
- дрімота бере (drimota bere)
- думки́ беру́ть (dumký berútʹ)
- жаль бере (žalʹ bere)
- за живіт бере (za žyvit bere)
- мороз бере (moroz bere)
- мороз з-за плечей бере (moroz z-za plečej bere)
- на кольки бере (na kolʹky bere)
- наша бере (naša bere)
- непосидячка бере (neposydjačka bere)
- нетерплячка бере (neterpljačka bere)
- охота бере (oxota bere)
- плач бере (plač bere)
- ре́готи беру́ть (réhoty berútʹ)
- сміх бере (smix bere)
- сон бере (son bere)
- сумнів бере (sumniv bere)
- ви́брати pf (výbraty)
- відібра́ти pf (vidibráty)
- забра́ти pf (zabráty)
- зібра́ти pf (zibráty)
- набра́ти pf (nabráty)
- обра́ти pf (obráty)
- підібра́ти pf (pidibráty)
- прибра́ти pf (prybráty)
- розібра́ти pf (rozibráty)
References
[edit]- Melnychuk, O. S., editor (1982–2012), “брати”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
- Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “брати”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
- “брати”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)
- “брати”, in Словник.ua [Slovnyk.ua] (in Ukrainian)
Etymology 2
[edit]See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]брати́ • (bratý)
- Old Church Slavonic lemmas
- Old Church Slavonic verbs
- Old Church Slavonic imperfective verbs
- Serbo-Croatian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Serbo-Croatian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Serbo-Croatian lemmas
- Serbo-Croatian verbs
- Serbo-Croatian imperfective verbs
- Serbo-Croatian transitive verbs
- Ukrainian terms inherited from Old East Slavic
- Ukrainian terms derived from Old East Slavic
- Ukrainian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Ukrainian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Ukrainian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Ukrainian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Ukrainian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ukrainian terms with audio pronunciation
- Ukrainian lemmas
- Ukrainian verbs
- Ukrainian imperfective verbs
- Ukrainian transitive verbs
- Ukrainian terms with dated senses
- Ukrainian dialectal terms
- Ukrainian intransitive verbs
- Ukrainian colloquialisms
- Ukrainian terms with obsolete senses
- Ukrainian irregular verbs
- Ukrainian class 6°b verbs
- Ukrainian class 6 verbs
- Ukrainian non-lemma forms
- Ukrainian noun forms