Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/bēg
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Proto-Turkic
[edit]Etymology
[edit]There are different theories about the further etymology of the word.
- According to one theory the word may ultimately come from Middle Chinese 百 (MC paek, “hundred”),[1] 佰 (MC paek, “the head of a hundred men”),[2] or 伯 (MC paek, “eldest brother, father's older brother > count”) ~ 霸 (MC paek, “hegemon”).
- Another theory states that the word may have its origins in Middle Iranian,[3] specifically Sogdian [script needed] (baga, “lord, master”) or Old Persian 𐏎 (BG, “god”), all from Proto-Iranian *bagáh, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *bʰagás (“god”, literally “dispenser”).[4]
However, German Turkologist Gerhard Doerfer assessed the derivation from an Iranian language as quite uncertain and pointed out that the word may be genuinely Turkic.[5][6]
Noun
[edit]*bēg
Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- Common Turkic:
- Proto-Oghuz:
- West Oghuz:
- Old Anatolian Turkish:
- Azerbaijani: bəy
- Ottoman Turkish: بك (bey), պէն (ben), պէնք (benk) — Armeno-Turkish
- Turkish: bey
- → Albanian: bej
- → Arabic: بِيه (bīh), بَاي (bāy), بِك (bik)
- → Armenian: բեկ (bek)
- → Bulgarian: бей (bej)
- → Dutch: bei, beg
- → English: bey
- → Finnish: bey
- → French: bey
- → Georgian: ბაი (bai), ბეგი (begi)
- → German: Bey
- → Greek: μπέης (béis), βέης (véis)
- → Hungarian: bey, bég
- → Latin: begus
- → Macedonian: бег (beg)
- → Portuguese: bei
- → Romanian: bei
- → Russian: бек (bek), бей (bej)
- → Serbo-Croatian: beg / бег
- → Spanish: bey
- Old Anatolian Turkish:
- East Oghuz:
- Turkmen: beg
- West Oghuz:
- Karluk:
- Kipchak:
- Old Turkic: 𐰋𐰏 (beg)
- → Classical Persian: بیگ (bēg)
- Proto-Oghuz:
References
[edit]- Clauson, Gerard (1972) “be:g”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 322
- ^ “bey.”, in Dictionary.com Unabridged (v 1.1). Random House, Inc.[1], 2008 March 22 (last accessed)
- ^ Clauson, Gerard (1972) “be:g”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 322
- ^ Jamshid Ibrahim. Kulturgeschichtliche Wortforschung: persisches Lehngut in europäischen Sprachen. Otto Harrassowitz, Wiesbaden, 1991, p. 58.
- ^ Carter Vaughn Findley, Turks in World History, Oxford University Press, 2005, p. 45: "... Many elements of Non-Turkic origin also became part of Türk statecraft [...] for example, as in the case of khatun [...] and beg [...] both terms being of Sogdian origin and ever since in common use in Turkish. ..."
- ^ “Baga”, in Encyclopædia Iranica, 2011 August 22 (last accessed)
- ^ “Beg”, in Encyclopædia Iranica, 2011 May 7 (last accessed)
Categories:
- Proto-Turkic terms derived from Middle Chinese
- Proto-Turkic terms derived from Middle Iranian languages
- Proto-Turkic terms derived from Sogdian
- Proto-Turkic terms derived from Old Persian
- Proto-Turkic terms derived from Proto-Iranian
- Proto-Turkic terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Proto-Turkic terms derived from Turkic languages
- Proto-Turkic lemmas
- Proto-Turkic nouns
- trk-pro:Nobility