absolutus

Latin

Etymology

Perfect passive participle of absolvō (“loosen, absolve”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ap.sɔˈɫuː.tʊs]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ab.soˈluː.tus]

Participle

absolūtus (feminine absolūta, neuter absolūtum, superlative absolūtissimus, adverb absolūtē); first/second-declension participle

1. concluded, finished, complete, having been ended.

   Synonyms: complētus, perfectus, factus, dēfūnctus, effectus

   Antonyms: incohatus, infectus, imperfectus

2. unrestricted, unconditional, absolute.
3. (grammar) which gives its sense without modification; which lacks case; which stands in the positive.
4. (law) absolved, acquitted, having been declared innocent.
5. fluent
6. perfect, pure

   Synonyms: putus, purus

   Antonym: impurus

Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

	singular				plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter		masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	absolūtus	absolūta	absolūtum		absolūtī	absolūtae	absolūta
genitive	absolūtī	absolūtae	absolūtī		absolūtōrum	absolūtārum	absolūtōrum
dative	absolūtō	absolūtae	absolūtō		absolūtīs
accusative	absolūtum	absolūtam	absolūtum		absolūtōs	absolūtās	absolūta
ablative	absolūtō	absolūtā	absolūtō		absolūtīs
vocative	absolūte	absolūta	absolūtum		absolūtī	absolūtae	absolūta

Related terms

• absolūtē
• absolūtiō
• absolūtōrius
• absolvō

Descendants

• Italian: assolto
• Old French: assous
  • French: absous
• Old Occitan:
  • Catalan: absolt
• Old Spanish:
  • Spanish: absuelto
    • → Cebuano: absuwelto
    • → Hiligaynon: absuelto
    • → Tagalog: absuwelto
• → Albanian: absolut
• → Belarusian: абсалютны (absaljutny)
• → Catalan: absolut
• → Crimean Tatar: absolüt
• → Czech: absolutní
• → Dutch: absoluut
• → English: absolute
• → Finnish: absoluuttinen
• → Middle French: absolut
  • French: absolu
    • → Romanian: absolut
  • → Middle English: absolut
    • English: absolute
• → German: absolut
• → Italian: assoluto
• → Ladino: absoluto
• → Latvian: absolūts
• → Norwegian Bokmål: absolutt
• → Portuguese: absoluto, assoluto
• → Russian: абсолютный (absoljutnyj)
• → Spanish: absoluto
• → Swedish: absolut

References

• “absolutus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “absolutus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• "absolutus", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “absolutus”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • absolutely perfect: absolutus et perfectus
    
  • perfect in every detail: omnibus numeris absolutus (N. D. 2. 13)
    
  • a master-piece of classical work: opus omnibus numeris absolutum
    
• absolutus in Ramminger, Johann (16 July 2016 (last accessed)), Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700‎^[2], pre-publication website, 2005-2016