absolutt

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *-o

Proto-Indo-European *h₂epó

Proto-Italic *ap

Latin abder.

Latin ab-

Proto-Indo-European *s(w)é

Latin se-

Proto-Indo-European *lewh₁-der.

Proto-Indo-European *luh₁-é-ti

Latin luō

Latin solvō

Latin absolvōder.

Latin absolūtuslbor.

Norwegian Bokmål absolutt

Learned borrowing from Latin absolūtus, from absolvō (“to loosen, to absolve”), from ab- (“from, away from”) + solvō (“to release, to loosen, to dissolve, to take apart”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /absʊˈlʉt/, /ɑpsʊˈlʉt/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ʉt
• Hyphenation: ab‧so‧lutt

Adjective

absolutt (neuter singular absolutt, definite singular and plural absolutte, comparative mer absolutt, superlative mest absolutt)

1. absolute (free of restrictions, limitations, qualifications or conditions)
   • 1882, Henrik Ibsen, En folkefiende, page 65:

     [jeg] havde [ikke] absolut vished

     [I] had [not] absolute certainty

   • 1874, Henrik Ibsen, Peer Gynt, page 176:

     den absolute fornuft

     the absolute sense

   • 1923, Nini Roll Anker, Huset i Søgaten, page 45:

     denne absolutte fred

     this absolute peace

   • 1944, Christian Skredsvig, Romaner og fortællinger I, page 164:

     det var det absolute skurkefjæs, sortsmusket, knoklete kjæver, øinene små og brændende bak høie kindben

     it was the absolute villain's face, black musket, bony jaws, eyes small and burning behind high cheekbones

   • 1933, Knut Hamsun, Men livet lever II, page 192:

     det var avenselut umulig at føde mere sau i fjeldet

     it was absolutely impossible to feed more sheep in the mountains

   • 1999 December 11, Aftenposten, page 46:

     barbiedukken, med sitt smale liv og lange ben, er mitt absolutte stilikon

     the barbie doll, with its narrow waist and long legs, is my absolute style icon

   • 2003 May 8, klassekampen.no:

     den amerikanske livsform settes opp som det absolutte ideal for hva det gode liv handler om

     The American way of life is set up as the absolute ideal for what the good life is all about

   • 2004, Karl Ove Knausgård, En tid for alt:

     middelalderinstitusjoner som kirkemøtet og inkvisisjonen … innførte en rekke absolutte sannheter

     medieval institutions such as the Synod and the Inquisition… introduced a number of absolute truths

   • 2004, Karl Ove Knausgård, En tid for alt:

     frenesien … når sitt absolutte høydepunkt i Jerusalems tempel

     the frenzy… reaches its absolute climax in the temple of Jerusalem

   • 2018, Jan Grue, Jeg lever et liv som ligner deres, pages 119–120:

     [superheltene] hadde absolutt bevegelsesfrihet. Supermann kunne fly, Edderkoppen kunne svinge seg fra bygning til bygning

     [the superheroes] had absolute freedom of movement. Superman could fly, Spider-Man could swing from building to building

   en tese med absolutt gyldighet

   a thesis with absolute validity

   absolutte mål ― measures in a system where the physical units are derived from the unit for length, mass and time

   absolutt trykk ― pressures including atmospheric pressure

   absolutt fuktighet ― measure how much water vapor is in the air

   absolutt alkohol ― anhydrous alcohol (ethanol), up to 99.9% purity

   absolutt kunst ― abstract art

   absolutt musikk ― music that has its purpose in itself and does not aim to evoke a specified mood, illustrate a course of action or the like

   det absoluttes filosofi ― philosophical doctrine that sees reality as a cohesive organic whole of a spiritual nature

   absolutt majoritet / absolutt flertall ― a majority consisting of more than half of the votes of those entitled to vote

   Synonyms: fullstendig, uinnskrenket

2. (rare) completely destructive
   • 1957, Aftenposten:

     kjernefysiske våpen er det de militære kaller absolutte

     nuclear weapons are what the military calls absolute

3. (grammar) without (ordinary) filling, especially without object

   i «hun er flink til å delegere» brukes det transitive verbet «delegere» absolutt, dvs. uten objekt

   in "she is good at delegating" the transitive verb "delegate" is used absolutely, ie without object

Antonyms

• relativ (“relative”)

Derived terms

• absolutt flertall
• absolutt gehør
• absolutt komparativ
• absolutt nullpunkt
• absolutt superlativ
• absolutt temperatur
• absolutt veto
• absoluttere

Related terms

• absolutisme (“absolutism”)
• absolutist (“absolutist”)
• absolutistisk (“absolutistic”)

Adverb

absolutt

1. absolutely, finally, unconditionally, definitely
   • 1874, Henrik Ibsen, De unges forbund, page 103:

     behøvte han absolut noget at leve for, så er han jo juridisk kandidat

     if he absolutely needed something to live on, then he is a legal candidate

   • 1899, Jonas Lie, Faste Forland, page 57:

     nogen maa absolut ha krogen i næsen paa mig, mener du?

     someone must absolutely have the hook in my nose, do you mean?

   • 2011 December 31, aftenposten.no:

     når det gjelder konsentrasjon av makt, er det et tema vi absolutt skal se på

     when it comes to concentration of power, it is a topic we should definitely look at

   • 2014 October 15, Fædrelandsvennen, page 48:

     vi skulle absolutt hatt en høyere kvinneandel. Norges idrettsforbund jobber kontinuerlig med dette

     we should definitely have had a higher proportion of women. The Norwegian Sports Confederation works continuously with this

   • 1917, Sigbjørn Obstfelder, Skrifter II, page 63:

     hun vilde absolut spendere vin

     she would definitely treat wine

   • 2011 January 4, kjendis.no:

     hvorfor ville du absolutt danse med Malin?

     why did you absolutely want to dance with Malin?

   • 1996, Kjersti Scheen, Ingen applaus for morderen, page 81:

     du burde absolutt bli med

     you should definitely join

   Synonyms: betingelsesløst, endelig

2. without exception
   • 1917, Knut Hamsun, Markens Grøde II, page 159:

     det var ikke saa meget med penger nei, men det var med alle livets nødvendigheter, absolut alle

     it was not so much with money no, but it was with all the necessities of life, absolutely all

   • 2015 January 14, f-b.no (Fredriksstad Blad):

     betyr ytringsfrihet at vi kan publisere absolutt alt vi vil, til tross for at vi vet at noen blir dypt fornærmet og såret

     freedom of speech means that we can publish absolutely anything we want, even though we know that someone will be deeply offended and hurt

3. (with refusal or denial) absolutely, completely
   • 1884, Alexander L. Kielland, Fortuna, page 274:

     det var den eneste ting, han absolut ikke kunde udholde

     it was the only thing he absolutely could not endure

   • 2015 January 14, ringblad.no (Ringerikes Blad):

     [ordføreren] synes absolutt ikke det er noe gøy å foreslå innsparinger

     [the mayor] certainly does not think it's fun to suggest savings

   vi ante absolutt ingenting

   we had absolutely no idea

   Synonyms: aldeles, slettes

Noun

absolutt n (definite singular absoluttet, indefinite plural absolutt or absolutter, definite plural absolutta or absoluttene)

1. (religion, philosophy) absolute claim, condition, assertion

   de fire absolutter (absolutt ærlighet, renhet, uselviskhet, kjærlighet) ― the four absolute requirements (absolute honesty, purity, selflessness, love)

   • 1964, Aftenposten:

     gamle absolutter mister sin entydighet

     old absolutes lose their uniqueness

   • 1989, Hobæk Haff, Den guddommelige tragedie, page 118:

     jeg blir nødt til å minne deg om de tre absolutter, som var betingelsen for at vi kunne sette oss fast her oppe

     I'll have to remind you of the three absolutes, which were the condition for us to get stuck up here

2. conditions that apply absolutely; conditions that are not to be missed
   • 1960, Samtiden:

     storkrigens umulighet var et absolutt

     the impossibility of the great war was an absolute

   • 2011, Ingeborg Arvola, Grisehjerter:

     det er mange innvirkende faktorer, og få absolutter

     there are many influencing factors, and few absolutes

References

• “absolutt” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
• “absolutt_1” in Det Norske Akademis ordbok (NAOB).
• “absolutt_2” in Det Norske Akademis ordbok (NAOB).
• “absolutt” in Store norske leksikon

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *-o

Proto-Indo-European *h₂epó

Proto-Italic *ap

Latin abder.

Latin ab-

Proto-Indo-European *s(w)é

Latin se-

Proto-Indo-European *lewh₁-der.

Proto-Indo-European *luh₁-é-ti

Latin luō

Latin solvō

Latin absolvōder.

Latin absolūtuslbor.

Norwegian Nynorsk absolutt

Learned borrowing from Latin absolūtus, from absolvō (“to loosen, to absolve”), from ab- (“from, away from”) + solvō (“to release, to loosen, to dissolve, to take apart”).

Adjective

absolutt (neuter singular absolutt, definite singular and plural absolutte)

1. absolute

Synonyms

• fullstendig

Related terms

• absolutisme

Adverb

absolutt

1. absolutely

References

• “absolutt” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.