absolvo

Esperanto

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /abˈsolvo/

• Audio

  (file)

• Rhymes: -olvo

Noun

absolvo (accusative singular absolvon, plural absolvoj, accusative plural absolvojn)

1. absolution

Latin

Etymology

From ab- (“from, away from”) +‎ solvō (“release, loosen, dissolve, take apart”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /abˈsol.u̯oː/, [äpˈs̠ɔɫ̪u̯oː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /abˈsol.vo/, [äbˈsɔlvo]

Verb

absolvō (present infinitive absolvere, perfect active absolvī, supine absolūtum); third conjugation

1. I release, discharge

   Synonyms: persolvō, līberō, excipiō, eximō, ēmittō, exonerō, prīvō

2. I loosen from, make loose, detach, untie

   Synonyms: distraho, persolvo, solvo, explicō

   Antonyms: ligō, colligō, illigō, cōnserō, cōnfīgō, adalligō, alligō, dēligō, nectō, cōnectō, dēfīgō, fīgō

3. (figurative) I pay off

   Synonyms: ērogō, pendo, luo, persolvo, dissolvo, solvo

4. (figurative) I complete, finish

   Synonyms: perficiō, cōnficiō, dēfungor, agō, expleō, patrō, cumulō, efficiō, conclūdō, condō, peragō, impleō, exsequor, fungor, nāvō, perpetrō, trānsigō, gerō, claudō, inclūdō, exhauriō

5. I liberate

   Synonyms: līberō, eximō, vindicō, servō, exuō, excipiō, exonerō

   Antonyms: refrēnō, coerceō, saepiō, officiō, obstō, comprimō, impediō, arceō, supprimō

6. (law) I absolve, acquit, declare innocent

   Synonyms: līberō, exonerō, probō

   Antonyms: coarguō, comperiō

Conjugation

Conjugation of absolvō (third conjugation)
indicative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	absolvō	absolvis	absolvit	absolvimus	absolvitis	absolvunt
	imperfect	absolvēbam	absolvēbās	absolvēbat	absolvēbāmus	absolvēbātis	absolvēbant
	future	absolvam	absolvēs	absolvet	absolvēmus	absolvētis	absolvent
	perfect	absolvī	absolvistī	absolvit	absolvimus	absolvistis	absolvērunt, absolvēre
	pluperfect	absolveram	absolverās	absolverat	absolverāmus	absolverātis	absolverant
	future perfect	absolverō	absolveris	absolverit	absolverimus	absolveritis	absolverint
passive	present	absolvor	absolveris, absolvere	absolvitur	absolvimur	absolviminī	absolvuntur
	imperfect	absolvēbar	absolvēbāris, absolvēbāre	absolvēbātur	absolvēbāmur	absolvēbāminī	absolvēbantur
	future	absolvar	absolvēris, absolvēre	absolvētur	absolvēmur	absolvēminī	absolventur
	perfect	absolūtus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	absolūtus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	absolūtus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	absolvam	absolvās	absolvat	absolvāmus	absolvātis	absolvant
	imperfect	absolverem	absolverēs	absolveret	absolverēmus	absolverētis	absolverent
	perfect	absolverim	absolverīs	absolverit	absolverīmus	absolverītis	absolverint
	pluperfect	absolvissem	absolvissēs	absolvisset	absolvissēmus	absolvissētis	absolvissent
passive	present	absolvar	absolvāris, absolvāre	absolvātur	absolvāmur	absolvāminī	absolvantur
	imperfect	absolverer	absolverēris, absolverēre	absolverētur	absolverēmur	absolverēminī	absolverentur
	perfect	absolūtus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	absolūtus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	—	absolve	—	—	absolvite	—
	future	—	absolvitō	absolvitō	—	absolvitōte	absolvuntō
passive	present	—	absolvere	—	—	absolviminī	—
	future	—	absolvitor	absolvitor	—	—	absolvuntor
non-finite forms		active			passive
		present	perfect	future	present	perfect	future
infinitives		absolvere	absolvisse	absolūtūrum esse	absolvī	absolūtum esse	absolūtum īrī
participles		absolvēns	—	absolūtūrus	—	absolūtus	absolvendus
verbal nouns		gerund				supine
		genitive	dative	accusative	ablative	accusative	ablative
		absolvendī	absolvendō	absolvendum	absolvendō	absolūtum	absolūtū

Derived terms

• absolūtiō
• absolūtus
• absolūtē
• absolūtōrius

 

Related terms

• dissolvō
• dēsolvō
• exsolvō
• persolvō
• resolvō
• solvō

 

Descendants

• Catalan: absoldre
• → English: absolve
• Esperanto: absolvi
• Galician: absolver
• → German: absolvieren
• Italian: assolvere
• → Norwegian Bokmål: absolvere
• Old French: assoudre
  • Middle French: absoudre
    • French: absoudre
  • Anglo-Norman: assoiler
    • → English: assoil
• Portuguese: absolver
• Romanian: absolvi
• Spanish: absolver

References

• “absolvo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “absolvo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• absolvo in Enrico Olivetti, editor (2003-2023) Dizionario Latino, Olivetti Media Communication
• absolvo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to bring to the highest perfection: perficere et absolvere
    
  • to explain a matter briefly, in a few words (not paucis verbis): rem paucis absolvere (Sall. Iug. 17. 2)
    
  • to settle, finish a transaction: negotium (rem) conficere, absolvere
    
  • to repeal a death-sentence passed on a person: capitis absolvere aliquem
    
  • in short; to be brief: ut paucis (rem) absolvam
    

Portuguese

Verb

absolvo

1. first-person singular present indicative of absolver