cumulo

See also: cúmulo and cumulò

Italian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈku.mu.lo/
• Rhymes: -umulo
• Hyphenation: cù‧mu‧lo

Etymology 1

Learned borrowing from Latin cumulus. Doublet of cumolo, and possibly mucchio.

Noun

cumulo m (plural cumuli)

1. heap, pile
2. (meteorology) cumulus (cloud)
3. mound

Related terms

• cumulare

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

cumulo

1. first-person singular present indicative of cumulare

Latin

Etymology

From cumulus (“a heap”) +‎ -ō.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈku.mu.loː/, [ˈkʊmʊɫ̪oː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈku.mu.lo/, [ˈkuːmulo]

Verb

cumulō (present infinitive cumulāre, perfect active cumulāvī, supine cumulātum); first conjugation

1. to heap, pile up, amass, accumulate

   Synonyms: accumulō, exstruō, struō, onerō, inaedificō, colligō

2. to fill by heaping, overload

   Synonyms: impleō, expleō, compleō, repleō, stīpō, imbuō

   Antonyms: exhauriō, dēpleō, dēfundō

3. to increase, augment

   Synonyms: adiciō, multiplicō, augeō, incitō, accumulō

   Antonyms: diminuō, minuō, dēminuō, imminuō, tenuō, premō, corripiō

4. (figuratively) to make complete, accomplish

   Synonyms: perficiō, cōnficiō, dēfungor, absolvō, agō, expleō, patrō, conclūdō, condō, impleō, exsequor, fungor, efficiō, nāvō, perpetrō, trānsigō, gerō, peragō, claudō, inclūdō, exhauriō

Conjugation

Conjugation of cumulō (first conjugation)
indicative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	cumulō	cumulās	cumulat	cumulāmus	cumulātis	cumulant
	imperfect	cumulābam	cumulābās	cumulābat	cumulābāmus	cumulābātis	cumulābant
	future	cumulābō	cumulābis	cumulābit	cumulābimus	cumulābitis	cumulābunt
	perfect	cumulāvī	cumulāvistī, cumulāstī1	cumulāvit, cumulāt1	cumulāvimus, cumulāmus1	cumulāvistis, cumulāstis1	cumulāvērunt, cumulāvēre, cumulārunt1
	pluperfect	cumulāveram, cumulāram1	cumulāverās, cumulārās1	cumulāverat, cumulārat1	cumulāverāmus, cumulārāmus1	cumulāverātis, cumulārātis1	cumulāverant, cumulārant1
	future perfect	cumulāverō, cumulārō1	cumulāveris, cumulāris1	cumulāverit, cumulārit1	cumulāverimus, cumulārimus1	cumulāveritis, cumulāritis1	cumulāverint, cumulārint1
passive	present	cumulor	cumulāris, cumulāre	cumulātur	cumulāmur	cumulāminī	cumulantur
	imperfect	cumulābar	cumulābāris, cumulābāre	cumulābātur	cumulābāmur	cumulābāminī	cumulābantur
	future	cumulābor	cumulāberis, cumulābere	cumulābitur	cumulābimur	cumulābiminī	cumulābuntur
	perfect	cumulātus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	cumulātus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	cumulātus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	cumulem	cumulēs	cumulet	cumulēmus	cumulētis	cumulent
	imperfect	cumulārem	cumulārēs	cumulāret	cumulārēmus	cumulārētis	cumulārent
	perfect	cumulāverim, cumulārim1	cumulāverīs, cumulārīs1	cumulāverit, cumulārit1	cumulāverīmus, cumulārīmus1	cumulāverītis, cumulārītis1	cumulāverint, cumulārint1
	pluperfect	cumulāvissem, cumulāssem1	cumulāvissēs, cumulāssēs1	cumulāvisset, cumulāsset1	cumulāvissēmus, cumulāssēmus1	cumulāvissētis, cumulāssētis1	cumulāvissent, cumulāssent1
passive	present	cumuler	cumulēris, cumulēre	cumulētur	cumulēmur	cumulēminī	cumulentur
	imperfect	cumulārer	cumulārēris, cumulārēre	cumulārētur	cumulārēmur	cumulārēminī	cumulārentur
	perfect	cumulātus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	cumulātus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	—	cumulā	—	—	cumulāte	—
	future	—	cumulātō	cumulātō	—	cumulātōte	cumulantō
passive	present	—	cumulāre	—	—	cumulāminī	—
	future	—	cumulātor	cumulātor	—	—	cumulantor
non-finite forms		active			passive
		present	perfect	future	present	perfect	future
infinitives		cumulāre	cumulāvisse, cumulāsse1	cumulātūrum esse	cumulārī	cumulātum esse	cumulātum īrī
participles		cumulāns	—	cumulātūrus	—	cumulātus	cumulandus
verbal nouns		gerund				supine
		genitive	dative	accusative	ablative	accusative	ablative
		cumulandī	cumulandō	cumulandum	cumulandō	cumulātum	cumulātū

¹At least one rare poetic syncopated perfect form is attested.

Derived terms

• accumulō
• cumulātē
• cumulātus

Related terms

• cumulus

Descendants

• Asturian: combrar
• English: cumulate (borrowing)
• French: combler, cumuler (borrowing)
• Italian: cumulare (borrowing) colmare
• Portuguese: colmar, cumular (borrowing)
• Sicilian: curmari
• Spanish: colmar, cumular (borrowing)

References

• “cumulo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “cumulo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• cumulo in Enrico Olivetti, editor (2003-2024), Dizionario Latino, Olivetti Media Communication
• cumulo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • his crowning happiness is produced by a thing; the culminating point of his felicity is..: aliquid felicitatem magno cumulo auget
    
  • to (richly) recompense a kindness or service: beneficium remunerari or reddere (cumulate)
    
  • to overwhelm with eulogy: omni laude cumulare aliquem
    
  • to heap crime on crime: scelus scelere cumulare (Catil. 1. 6. 14)
    

Portuguese

Verb

cumulo

1. first-person singular present indicative of cumular

Spanish

Verb

cumulo

1. first-person singular present indicative of cumular